29 They reveled in every form of wickedness, evil, greed, vice. Their lives were full of envy, murder, quarreling, treachery, malice.
Open English Bible, US Edition
Romans 1
Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 29
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 1:29. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
54
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
πεπληρωμένους πάσῃ ἀδικίᾳ, πορνείᾳ, πονηρίᾳ, πλεονεξίᾳ, κακίᾳ· μεστοὺς φθόνου, φόνου, ἔριδος, δόλου, κακοηθείας· ψιθυριστάς,
14 word entries
πεπληρωμένους
- Lemma
- peplhrwmenouv
- Transliteration
- peplhrwmenouv
- Morphology
- Greek: verb perfect passive participle accusative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4137
- Occurrences
- 1
πάσῃ
ἀδικίᾳ
πορνείᾳ
πονηρίᾳ
πλεονεξίᾳ
κακίᾳ
μεστοὺς
φθόνου
φόνου
ἔριδος
δόλου
κακοηθείας
- Lemma
- kakohqeiav
- Transliteration
- kakohqeiav
- Morphology
- Greek: noun genitive singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G2550
- Occurrences
- 1
ψιθυριστάς
- Lemma
- yiquristav
- Transliteration
- yiquristav
- Morphology
- Greek: noun accusative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G5588
- Occurrences
- 1
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
πεπληρωμένους πάσῃ ἀδικίᾳ πονηρίᾳ κακίᾳ πλεονεξίᾳ, μεστοὺς φθόνου φόνου ἔριδος δόλου κακοηθείας,
12 word entries
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܟܕ ܡܠܝܢ ܟܠ ܥܘܠܘܬܐ ܘܙܢܝܘܬܐ ܘܡܪܝܪܘܬܐ ܘܒܝܫܘܬܐ ܘܥܠܘܒܘܬܐ ܘܚܣܡܐ ܘܩܛܠܐ ܘܚܪܝܢܐ ܘܢܟܠܐ ܘܡܚܫܒܬܐ ܒܝܫܬܐ
14 word entries
ܟܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܕ
- Transliteration
- kd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 730
ܡܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mlyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 14
ܟܠ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܟܠ
- Transliteration
- kul
- Morphology
- quantifier/adjective
- Gloss
- all, every
- Occurrences
- 280
ܥܘܠܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܘܠܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- 'wlwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܙܢܝܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܙܢܝܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wznywt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܡܪܝܪܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܪܝܪܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wmryrwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܒܝܫܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܝܫܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wbyshwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܥܠܘܒܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܥܠܘܒܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- w'lwbwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܘܚܣܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܚܣܡܐ
- Transliteration
- whsm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܘܩܛܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܩܛܠܐ
- Transliteration
- wqtl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܘܚܪܝܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܚܪܝܢܐ
- Transliteration
- whryn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5
ܘܢܟܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܟܠܐ
- Transliteration
- wnkl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܡܚܫܒܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܚܫܒܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wmhshbt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܝܫܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܝܫܬܐ
- Transliteration
- bysht'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 66
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
repletos omni iniquitate, malitia, fornicatione, avaritia, nequitia, plenos invidia, homicidio, contentione, dolo, malignitate: susurrones,
14 word entries
repletos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- repleo
- Transliteration
- repletos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 142
omni
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omni
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
iniquitate
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iniquitas
- Transliteration
- iniquitate
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 460
malitia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- malitia
- Transliteration
- malitia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 113
fornicatione
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fornicatio
- Transliteration
- fornicatione
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 70
avaritia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- auaritia
- Transliteration
- avaritia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 27
nequitia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nequitia
- Transliteration
- nequitia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 32
plenos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- plenus
- Transliteration
- plenos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 185
invidia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- inuidia
- Transliteration
- invidia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 23
homicidio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- homicidium
- Transliteration
- homicidio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 18
contentione
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- contentio
- Transliteration
- contentione
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 27
dolo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dolus
- Transliteration
- dolo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 60
malignitate
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- malignitas
- Transliteration
- malignitate
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 4
susurrones
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- susurro
- Transliteration
- susurrones
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 6
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
2 Corinthians 12:20
for I am afraid that perhaps, when I come, I may find that you are not what I want you to be, and, on the other hand, that you may find that I am what you do not want me to be. I am afraid that I may find quarreling, jealousy, ill feeling, rivalry, slandering, backbiting, self-assertion, and disorder.
7 relevance votesProverbs 16:28
5 relevance votesPsalms 41:7
In secret they whisper together against me, all those who hate me plot evil against me.
4 relevance votesProverbs 26:20
4 relevance votesRomans 3:10
As scripture says – ‘There is not even one who is righteous,
0 relevance votes