20 These words were read by many people, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and they were written in Hebrew, Latin and Greek.
Open English Bible, US Edition
John 19
Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 20
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to John 19:20. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
91
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Τοῦτον οὖν τὸν τίτλον πολλοὶ ἀνέγνωσαν τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἦν τῆς πόλεως ὁ τόπος ὅπου ἐσταυρώθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς· καὶ ἦν γεγραμμένον Ἑβραϊστί, Ἑλληνιστί, Ῥωμαϊστί.
25 word entries
Τοῦτον
οὖν
τὸν
τίτλον
πολλοὶ
ἀνέγνωσαν
τῶν
Ἰουδαίων
ὅτι
ἐγγὺς
ἦν
τῆς
πόλεως
ὁ
τόπος
ὅπου
ἐσταυρώθη
ὁ
Ἰησοῦς
καὶ
ἦν
γεγραμμένον
- Lemma
- gegrammenon
- Transliteration
- gegrammenon
- Morphology
- Greek: verb perfect passive participle nominative singular neuter
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1125
- Occurrences
- 17
Ἑβραϊστί
Ἑλληνιστί
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
τοῦτον οὖν τὸν τίτλον πολλοὶ ἀνέγνωσαν τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἦν ὁ τόπος τῆς πόλεως ὅπου ἐσταυρώθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς· καὶ ἦν γεγραμμένον Ἑβραϊστί, Ῥωμαϊστί, Ἑλληνιστί.
25 word entries
τὸν
ἀνέγνωσαν
- Lemma
- ἀναγινώσκω
- Morphology
- V-2AAI-3P
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G0314
- Occurrences
- 32
τῶν
ἦν
ὁ
τῆς
ὁ
καὶ
ἦν
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܠܗܢܐ ܕܦܐ ܣܓܝܐܐ ܡܢ ܝܗܘܕܝܐ ܩܪܐܘܗܝ ܡܛܠ ܕܩܪܝܒܐ ܗܘܬ ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܘܟܬܐ ܕܐܙܕܩܦ ܒܗ ܝܫܘܥ ܘܟܬܝܒܐ ܗܘܐ ܥܒܪܐܝܬ ܘܝܘܢܐܝܬ ܘܪܗܘܡܐܝܬ
19 word entries
ܘܠܗܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܠܗܢܐ
- Transliteration
- wlhn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܦܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܦܐ
- Transliteration
- dp'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܣܓܝܐܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܓܝܐܐ
- Transliteration
- sgy''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 230
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܝܗܘܕܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܗܘܕܝܐ
- Transliteration
- yhwdy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 124
ܩܪܐܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܪܐܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- qr'why
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܡܛܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܠ
- Transliteration
- mtl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 632
ܕܩܪܝܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܩܪܝܒܐ
- Transliteration
- dqryb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܗܘܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܬ
- Transliteration
- hwt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 248
ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ
- Transliteration
- lmdynt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 38
ܕܘܟܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܘܟܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dwkt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 16
ܕܐܙܕܩܦ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܙܕܩܦ
- Transliteration
- d'zdqp
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܒܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܗ
- Transliteration
- bh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 343
ܝܫܘܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܫܘܥ
- Transliteration
- yshw'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 848
ܘܟܬܝܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܟܬܝܒܐ
- Transliteration
- wktyb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܥܒܪܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܒܪܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- 'br'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 9
ܘܝܘܢܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܝܘܢܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- wywn'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܪܗܘܡܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܪܗܘܡܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- wrhwm'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Hunc ergo titulum multi Judæorum legerunt: quia prope civitatem erat locus, ubi crucifixus est Jesus, et erat scriptum hebraice, græce, et latine.
22 word entries
hunc
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hic
- Transliteration
- hunc
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4646
ergo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ergo
- Transliteration
- ergo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1237
titulum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- titulus
- Transliteration
- titulum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 24
multi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- multus
- Transliteration
- multi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 1032
legerunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lego
- Transliteration
- legerunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 78
Iudaeorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iudaei
- Transliteration
- Iudaeorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 362
quia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quia
- Transliteration
- quia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2543
prope
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- prope
- Transliteration
- prope
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 52
civitatem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ciuitas
- Transliteration
- civitatem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1108
erat
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- erat
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
locus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- locus
- Transliteration
- locus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 773
ubi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ubi
- Transliteration
- ubi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 354
crucifixus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- crucifigo
- Transliteration
- crucifixus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 52
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Iesus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iesus
- Transliteration
- Iesus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 970
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
erat
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- erat
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
scriptum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- scribo
- Transliteration
- scriptum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 451
hebraice
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Hebraice
- Transliteration
- hebraice
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7
graece
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Graece
- Transliteration
- graece
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 3
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
latine
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Latine
- Transliteration
- latine
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 2
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Acts 26:14
We all fell to the ground, and then I heard a voice saying to me in Hebrew – ‘Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me? By kicking against the goad you are punishing yourself.’
2 relevance votesJohn 5:2
There is in Jerusalem, near the sheep-gate, a bath with five colonnades around it. It is called in Hebrew ‘Bethesda.’
2 relevance votesActs 21:37
Just as he was about to be taken into the Fort, Paul said to the commanding officer, “May I speak to you?” “Do you know Greek?” asked the commanding officer.
2 relevance votesJohn 19:13
On hearing what they said, Pilate brought Jesus out, and took his seat on the Bench at a place called ‘The Stone Pavement’ – in Hebrew ‘Gabbatha.’
2 relevance votesRevelation 16:16
And the spirits collected the kings at the place called in Hebrew ‘Har-Magedon.’
2 relevance votesActs 21:40
The commanding officer gave his permission, and Paul, standing on the steps, made signs with his hand to the people, and, when comparative silence had been obtained, he said to them in Hebrew:
2 relevance votesActs 22:2
When they heard that he was speaking to them in Hebrew, they were still more quiet; and Paul went on:
2 relevance votesHebrews 13:12
And so Jesus, also, to purify the people by his own blood, suffered outside the gate.
1 relevance votesRevelation 9:11
They have as their king the angel of the bottomless pit, whose name, in Hebrew, is ‘Abaddon,’ while, in Greek, his name is ‘Apollyon’ (the Destroyer).
1 relevance votes