27 For wasn’t Israel a derision to you? Was he found among thieves? For as often as you speak of him, you shake your head.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Jeremiah 48:27. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
67
Editorial Notes
1
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וְאִ֣ם ׀ ל֣וֹא הַשְּׂחֹ֗ק הָיָ֤ה לְךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אִם־בְּגַנָּבִ֖ים נמצאה כִּֽי־מִדֵּ֧י דְבָרֶ֥יךָ בּ֖וֹ תִּתְנוֹדָֽד׃
15 word entries
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܐܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܠܓܘܚܟܐ ܗܘܐ ܠܟ ܐܝܣܪܝܠ ܘܒܓܢܒ̈ܐ ܐܫܬܟܚ ܟܕ ܥܒܕ ܗܘܝܬ ܥܡܗ ܩܪܒܐ
13 word entries
ܘܐܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܠܐ
- Transliteration
- w'l'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 28
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1800
ܠܓܘܚܟܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܓܘܚܟܐ
- Transliteration
- lgwhk'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 6
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1800
ܠܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟ
- Transliteration
- lk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 701
ܐܝܣܪܝܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܣܪܝܠ
- Transliteration
- 'ysryl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 809
ܘܒܓܢܒ̈ܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܓܢܒܐ
- Transliteration
- wbgnb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܫܬܟܚ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܫܬܟܚ
- Transliteration
- 'shtkh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 17
ܟܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܕ
- Transliteration
- kd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 881
ܥܒܕ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܥܒܕ
- Transliteration
- abad
- Morphology
- verb root/form
- Gloss
- made, did, served
- Occurrences
- 334
ܗܘܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܝܬ
- Transliteration
- hwyt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 234
ܥܡܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܡܗ
- Transliteration
- 'mh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 328
ܩܪܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܪܒܐ
- Transliteration
- qrb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 154
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וְעַל דַחֲדִיתוּן עַל תְּבִירֵיהּ דְיִשְׂרָאֵל בִּדְלָא חֲטוֹ לְכוֹן כְּאִלוּ בְּגַנָבִין אִשְׁתְּכָחוּ וְעַל דְאַסְגֵיתוּן עֲלֵיהוֹן פִּתְגָמִין בְּכֵן תְּטַלְטְלוּן׃
17 word entries
וְעַל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ועל
- Transliteration
- w'l
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 516
דַחֲדִיתוּן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חדיתון
- Transliteration
- dchdytwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
תְּבִירֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תביריה
- Transliteration
- tbyryh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 7
דְיִשְׂרָאֵל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ישראל
- Transliteration
- dyshr'l
- Morphology
- prefixed relative/genitive ד + proper noun
- Gloss
- of/that Israel
- Occurrences
- 2312
בִּדְלָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דלא
- Transliteration
- bdl'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 607
חֲטוֹ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חטו
- Transliteration
- chtw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 6
לְכוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כון
- Transliteration
- lkwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 384
כְּאִלוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אלו
- Transliteration
- k'lw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 41
בְּגַנָבִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גנבין
- Transliteration
- bgnbyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 7
אִשְׁתְּכָחוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אשתכחו
- Transliteration
- 'shtkchw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 27
וְעַל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ועל
- Transliteration
- w'l
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 516
דְאַסְגֵיתוּן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אסגיתון
- Transliteration
- d'sgytwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 3
עֲלֵיהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עליהון
- Transliteration
- 'lyhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 342
פִּתְגָמִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פתגמין
- Transliteration
- ptgmyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 24
בְּכֵן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- בכן
- Transliteration
- bkn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 357
תְּטַלְטְלוּן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תטלטלון
- Transliteration
- ttltlwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Fuit enim in derisum tibi Israël: quasi inter fures reperisses eum: propter verba ergo tua quæ adversum illum locutus es, captivus duceris.
22 word entries
fuit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- fuit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
enim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- enim
- Transliteration
- enim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2392
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
derisum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- derideo
- Transliteration
- derisum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 24
tibi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tu
- Transliteration
- tibi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4602
Israhel
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Israel
- Transliteration
- Israhel
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 2547
quasi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quasi
- Transliteration
- quasi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 989
inter
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- inter
- Transliteration
- inter
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 502
fures
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fur
- Transliteration
- fures
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 32
repperisses
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- reperio
- Transliteration
- repperisses
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 77
eum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
propter
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- propter
- Transliteration
- propter
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 688
verba
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uerbum
- Transliteration
- verba
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1162
ergo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ergo
- Transliteration
- ergo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1237
tua
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tuus
- Transliteration
- tua
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5615
quae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
adversum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- aduersus
- Transliteration
- adversum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 428
illum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
locutus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- loquor
- Transliteration
- locutus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1543
es
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- es
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
captivus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- captiuus
- Transliteration
- captivus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 56
duceris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- duco
- Transliteration
- duceris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 271
Spirit Nation Greek LXX Alignment Note
English · Greek Septuagint Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note
Coverage: Source-structure exceptions
Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.
Editorial alignment note: The Greek Septuagint tradition often follows different ordering, grouping, or book structure here. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "For was not Israel a derision unto thee? was he found among thieves? for since thou spakest of him, thou skippedst for joy." This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.
Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.
These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.
-
Greek LXX
alternate structure
Greek Jeremiah follows a shorter and differently ordered Septuagint tradition, so some Hebrew/English verse numbers do not have a one-to-one Greek panel.
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Jeremiah 2:26
As the thief is ashamed when he is found, so the house of Israel is ashamed— they, their kings, their princes, their priests, and their prophets,
5 relevance votesEzekiel 25:8
“‘The Lord Yahweh says: “Because Moab and Seir say, ‘Behold, the house of Judah is like all the nations,’
3 relevance votesZephaniah 2:8
I have heard the reproach of Moab and the insults of the children of Ammon, with which they have reproached my people and magnified themselves against their border.
3 relevance votesEzekiel 35:15
As you rejoiced over the inheritance of the house of Israel because it was desolate, so I will do to you. You will be desolate, Mount Seir, and all Edom, even all of it. Then they will know that I am Yahweh.’”
2 relevance votesJob 16:4
I also could speak as you do. If your soul were in my soul’s place, I could join words together against you, and shake my head at you,
2 relevance votesEzekiel 36:4
therefore, you mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Lord Yahweh: The Lord Yahweh says to the mountains and to the hills, to the watercourses and to the valleys, to the desolate wastes and to the cities that are forsaken, which have become a prey and derision to the residue of the nations that are all around;
2 relevance votesPsalms 44:13
You make us a reproach to our neighbors, a scoffing and a derision to those who are around us.
2 relevance votesPsalms 79:4
We have become a reproach to our neighbors, a scoffing and derision to those who are around us.
2 relevance votesZephaniah 2:10
This they will have for their pride, because they have reproached and magnified themselves against the people of Yahweh of Armies.
2 relevance votesJeremiah 18:16
to make their land an astonishment, and a perpetual hissing. Everyone who passes by it will be astonished, and shake his head.
2 relevance votesMatthew 27:38
Then there were two robbers crucified with him, one on his right hand and one on the left.
2 relevance votesMatthew 26:55
In that hour Jesus said to the multitudes, “Have you come out as against a robber with swords and clubs to seize me? I sat daily in the temple teaching, and you didn’t arrest me.
2 relevance votes