Jump to another chapter in Proverbs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Jump to a verse in Proverbs 24

All 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

Geneva Bible

Proverbs 24

Geneva Bible, Verse 31

Show original chapter

³¹ And lo, it was al growen ouer with thornes, and nettles had couered the face thereof, and the stone wall thereof was broken downe.

View Study Below

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 24:31. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 61

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְהִנֵּ֨ה עָ֘לָ֤ה כֻלּ֨וֹ ׀ קִמְּשֹׂנִ֗ים כָּסּ֣וּ פָנָ֣יו חֲרֻלִּ֑ים וְגֶ֖דֶר אֲבָנָ֣יו נֶהֱרָֽסָה׃

10 word entries

וְהִנֵּ֨ה

Lemma: c/2009
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H2009
Occurrences: 370

עָ֘לָ֤ה

Lemma: 5927
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5927
Occurrences: 451

כֻלּ֨וֹ

Lemma: 3605
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 3268

קִמְּשֹׂנִ֗ים

Lemma: 7063
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7063
Occurrences: 1

כָּסּ֣וּ

Lemma: 3680
Morphology: Hebrew: verb pual perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3680
Occurrences: 81

פָנָ֣יו

Lemma: 6440
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6440
Occurrences: 630

חֲרֻלִּ֑ים

Lemma: 2738
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2738
Occurrences: 3

וְגֶ֖דֶר

Lemma: c/1444
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H1444
Occurrences: 1

אֲבָנָ֣יו

Lemma: 68
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H68
Occurrences: 146

נֶהֱרָֽסָה

Lemma: 2040
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2040
Occurrences: 28

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐὰν ἀφῇς αὐτὸν, χερσωθήσεται καὶ χορτομανήσει ὅλος, καὶ γίνεται ἐκλελειμμένος, οἱ δὲ φραγμοὶ τῶν λίθων αὐτοῦ κατασκάπτονται.

17 word entries

Ἐὰν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐάν
Transliteration: ean
Morphology: conditional particle
Gloss: if, whenever
Part of Speech: conditional particle
Definition: Conditional particle, often with subjunctive.
Occurrences: 1253

ἀφῇς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀφῇς
Transliteration: aphs
Morphology: genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

αὐτὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

χερσωθήσεται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: χερσωθήσεται
Transliteration: chersothesetai
Morphology: verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it will ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

χορτομανήσει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: χορτομανήσει
Transliteration: chortomanesei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ὅλος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὅλος
Transliteration: olos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 195

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

γίνεται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γίνομαι
Transliteration: ginetai
Morphology: verb, present middle/passive deponent indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: becomes, happens
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To become, happen, come to be, or be made.
Occurrences: 1418

ἐκλελειμμένος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐκλελειμμένος
Transliteration: ekleleimmenos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

φραγμοὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: φραγμοὶ
Transliteration: phragmoi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

λίθων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: λίθων
Transliteration: lithon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 38

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

κατασκάπτονται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κατασκάπτονται
Transliteration: kataskaptontai
Morphology: verb, present/future middle-passive form, 3rd plural
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܣܠܩ ܟܠܗ ܐܬܡܠܝ ܝܥܪܐ ܘܟܣܝܘ ܐ̈ܦܘܗܝ ܚ̈ܘܠܕܐ ܘܣ̈ܝܓܘܗܝ ܕܟܐ̈ܦܐ ܐܣܬܚܦܘ

10 word entries

ܘܣܠܩ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܣܠܩ
Transliteration: wslq
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 58

ܟܠܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܠܗ
Transliteration: klh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 558

ܐܬܡܠܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܬܡܠܝ
Transliteration: 'tmly
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 24

ܝܥܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܥܪܐ
Transliteration: y'r'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 5

ܘܟܣܝܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܟܣܝܘ
Transliteration: wksyw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

ܐ̈ܦܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܦܘܗܝ
Transliteration: 'pwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 82

ܚ̈ܘܠܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܘܠܕܐ
Transliteration: hwld'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 1

ܘܣ̈ܝܓܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܣܝܓܘܗܝ
Transliteration: wsygwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܕܟܐ̈ܦܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܟܐܦܐ
Transliteration: dk'p'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 24

ܐܣܬܚܦܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܣܬܚܦܘ
Transliteration: 'sthpw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְהָא סְלֵיק כֻּלֵיהּ יַעֲרֵי וְכַסִיוּ אַפּוֹי חוּרְלֵי וְסַיְגָא דְכֵיפוֹי אִתְעֲקַר׃

10 word entries

וְהָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: והא
Transliteration: wh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 254

סְלֵיק

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סליק
Transliteration: slyq
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 163

כֻּלֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ליה
Transliteration: klyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1154

יַעֲרֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יערי
Transliteration: y'ry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

וְכַסִיוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כסיו
Transliteration: wksyw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

אַפּוֹי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אפוי
Transliteration: 'pwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 21

חוּרְלֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חורלי
Transliteration: chwrly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

וְסַיְגָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סיגא
Transliteration: wsyg'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

דְכֵיפוֹי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כיפוי
Transliteration: dkypwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

אִתְעֲקַר׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתעקר
Transliteration: 't'qr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

et ecce totum repleverant urticæ, et operuerant superficiem ejus spinæ, et maceria lapidum destructa erat.

14 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

ecce

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ecce
Transliteration: ecce
Morphology: GreLa POS: other
Occurrences: 1031

totum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: totus
Transliteration: totum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 276

repleverant

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: repleo
Transliteration: repleverant
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 142

urticae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: urtica
Transliteration: urticae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 4

operuerant

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: operio
Transliteration: operuerant
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 191

superficiem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: superficies
Transliteration: superficiem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 7

eius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eius
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

spinae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: spina
Transliteration: spinae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 48

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

maceria

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: maceria
Transliteration: maceria
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 10

lapidum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lapis
Transliteration: lapidum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 330

destructa

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: destruo
Transliteration: destructa
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 117

erat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: erat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Previous Chapter Previous Verse

Chapter 24 of 31 Verse 31 of 34

Next Chapter Next Verse

Proverbs 24

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Isaiah 5:5

Ecclesiastes 10:18

Proverbs 22:13

Matthew 13:22

Jeremiah 4:3

Proverbs 19:23

Hebrews 6:8

Matthew 13:7

Proverbs 20:4

Job 31:40

Proverbs 23:21