10 Let their eyes be made dark so that they may not see, and let their back be bent down at all times.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 11:10. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
46
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
σκοτισθήτωσαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ αὐτῶν τοῦ μὴ βλέπειν, καὶ τὸν νῶτον αὐτῶν διὰ παντὸς σύγκαμψον.
15 word entries
skotisqhtwsan
- Lemma
- skotisqhtwsan
- Transliteration
- skotisqhtwsan
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist passive imperative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4654
- Occurrences
- 1
oi
ofqalmoi
autwn
tou
mh
blepein
kai
ton
nwton
autwn
diapantov
dia
pantov
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
σκοτισθήτωσαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ αὐτῶν τοῦ μὴ βλέπειν, καὶ τὸν νῶτον αὐτῶν διαπαντὸς σύνκαμψον.
13 word entries
οἱ
τοῦ
καὶ
τὸν
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܢܚܫܟܢ ܥܝܢܝܗܘܢ ܕܠܐ ܢܚܙܘܢ ܘܚܨܗܘܢ ܒܟܠܙܒܢ ܢܗܘܐ ܟܦܝܦ
8 word entries
ܢܚܫܟܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܚܫܟܢ
- Transliteration
- nhshkn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܥܝܢܝܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܝܢܝܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'ynyhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 19
ܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 720
ܢܚܙܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܚܙܘܢ
- Transliteration
- nhzwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 12
ܘܚܨܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܚܨܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- whshwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܟܠܙܒܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܟܠܙܒܢ
- Transliteration
- bklzbn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 41
ܢܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- nhw'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 198
ܟܦܝܦ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܦܝܦ
- Transliteration
- kpyp
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Obscurentur oculi eorum ne videant: et dorsum eorum semper incurva.
10 word entries
obscurentur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- obscuro
- Transliteration
- obscurentur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 17
oculi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- oculus
- Transliteration
- oculi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 682
eorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
ne
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ne
- Transliteration
- ne
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1109
videant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uideo
- Transliteration
- videant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1988
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
dorsum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dorsum
- Transliteration
- dorsum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 24
illorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
semper
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- semper
- Transliteration
- semper
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 180
incurva
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- incuruo
- Transliteration
- incurva
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 26
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Psalms 69:23
Let their eyes be blind so that they may not see; let their bodies for ever be shaking.
8 relevance votes2 Peter 2:4
For if God did not have pity for the angels who did evil, but sent them down into hell, to be kept in chains of eternal night till they were judged;
3 relevance votesRomans 11:8
As it was said in the holy Writings, God gave them a spirit of sleep, eyes which might not see, and ears which have no hearing, to this day.
3 relevance votesRomans 1:21
Because, having the knowledge of God, they did not give glory to God as God, and did not give praise, but their minds were full of foolish things, and their hearts, being without sense, were made dark.
3 relevance votesEphesians 4:18
Whose thoughts are dark, to whom the life of God is strange because they are without knowledge, and their hearts have been made hard;
3 relevance votesIsaiah 65:12
Your fate will be the sword, and you will all go down to death: because when my voice came to you, you made no answer; you did not give ear to my word; but you did what was evil in my eyes, desiring what was not pleasing to me.
2 relevance votesJude 1:13
Violent waves of the sea, streaming with their shame, wandering stars for whom the darkest night is kept in store for ever.
2 relevance votes2 Peter 2:17
These are fountains without water, and mists before a driving storm; for whom the eternal night is kept in store.
2 relevance votesZechariah 11:17
A curse on the foolish keeper who goes away from the flock! the sword will be on his arm and on his right eye: his arm will become quite dry and his eye will be made completely dark.
2 relevance votesJude 1:6
And the angels who did not keep to their kingdom but went out from the place which was theirs, he has put in eternal chains and in dark night till the great day of the judging.
2 relevance votesIsaiah 51:23
And I will put it into the hand of your cruel masters, and of those whose yoke has been hard on you; who have said to your soul, Down on your face! so that we may go over you: and you have given your backs like the earth, even like the street, for them to go over.
1 relevance votes