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World English Bible

Psalms 74

World English Bible, Verse 23

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²³ Don’t forget the voice of your adversaries. The tumult of those who rise up against you ascends continually.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 74:23. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 7

Word Entries 55

Editorial Notes 2

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

אַל־תִּ֭שְׁכַּח ק֣וֹל צֹרְרֶ֑יךָ שְׁא֥וֹן קָ֝מֶ֗יךָ עֹלֶ֥ה תָמִֽיד׃

8 word entries

אַל

Lemma: 408
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H408
Occurrences: 576

תִּ֭שְׁכַּח

Lemma: 7911
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal jussive 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7911
Occurrences: 78

ק֣וֹל

Lemma: 6963 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6963
Occurrences: 260

צֹרְרֶ֑יךָ

Lemma: 6887 d
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6887
Occurrences: 23

שְׁא֥וֹן

Lemma: 7588
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7588
Occurrences: 13

קָ֝מֶ֗יךָ

Lemma: 6965 b
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6965
Occurrences: 318

עֹלֶ֥ה

Lemma: 5927
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5927
Occurrences: 451

תָמִֽיד

Lemma: 8548
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8548
Occurrences: 78

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Shown from source reference 73:23 because this tradition numbers the passage differently.

Μὴ ἐπιλάθῃ τῆς φωνῆς τῶν ἱκετῶν σου, ἡ ὑπερηφανία τῶν μισούντων σε ἀναβαίη διαπαντὸς πρὸς σέ.

16 word entries

Μὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μή
Transliteration: me
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not, lest
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle commonly used with non-indicative moods.
Occurrences: 2979

ἐπιλάθῃ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐπιλάθῃ
Transliteration: epilathe
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 17

τῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

φωνῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: φωνή
Transliteration: phones
Morphology: noun, feminine genitive singular
Gloss: of a voice, sound
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Voice, sound, or utterance.
Occurrences: 549

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἱκετῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἱκετῶν
Transliteration: iketon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὑπερηφανία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὑπερηφανία
Transliteration: yperephania
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

μισούντων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μισούντων
Transliteration: misoynton
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

σε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

ἀναβαίη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἀναβαίη
Transliteration: anabaie
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

διαπαντὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: διὰ παντός
Transliteration: dia pantos
Morphology: prepositional phrase used adverbially
Gloss: continually, always
Part of Speech: adverbial phrase
Definition: Adverbial phrase meaning continually or throughout all.
Occurrences: 111

πρὸς

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: πρὸς
Transliteration: pros
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with/toward
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: with/toward
Strong's: G4314
Occurrences: 3989

σέ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܠܐ ܬܛܥܐ ܩܠܐ ܕܒ̈ܥܠܕܒܒܝܟ ܘܕܠܘܚܝܐ ܕܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܩܝܡܝܢ ܥܠܝܟ ܕܣܠܩ ܒܟܠܙܒܢ

10 word entries

ܘܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܐ
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1993

ܬܛܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܛܥܐ
Transliteration: tt''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 14

ܩܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܠܐ
Transliteration: ql'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 134

ܕܒ̈ܥܠܕܒܒܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܒܥܠܕܒܒܝܟ
Transliteration: db'ldbbyk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 4

ܘܕܠܘܚܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܕܠܘܚܝܐ
Transliteration: wdlwhy'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܕܐܝܠܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܝܠܝܢ
Transliteration: d'ylyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 44

ܕܩܝܡܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܩܝܡܝܢ
Transliteration: dqymyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 49

ܥܠܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠܝܟ
Transliteration: 'lyk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 86

ܕܣܠܩ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܣܠܩ
Transliteration: dslq
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 26

ܒܟܠܙܒܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܟܠܙܒܢ
Transliteration: bklzbn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 33

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

לָא תִתְנְשֵׁי קָל מְעִיקָךְ אִתְרְגוּשָׁא דְקָיְמִין לְקִבְלָךְ דְסַלְקָא תְדִירָא׃

9 word entries

לָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: לא
Transliteration: l'
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2611

תִתְנְשֵׁי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תתנשי
Transliteration: ttnshy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 10

קָל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קל
Transliteration: ql
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 120

מְעִיקָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עיקך
Transliteration: m'yqk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

אִתְרְגוּשָׁא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתרגושא
Transliteration: 'trgwsh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 12

דְקָיְמִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קימין
Transliteration: dqymyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 90

לְקִבְלָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קבלך
Transliteration: lqblk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 13

דְסַלְקָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סלקא
Transliteration: dslq'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 14

תְדִירָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תדירא
Transliteration: tdyr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 69

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Shown from source reference 73:23 because this tradition numbers the passage differently.

Ne obliviscaris voces inimicorum tuorum: superbia eorum qui te oderunt ascendit semper.]

12 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ne
Transliteration: ne
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1109

obliviscaris

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: obliuiscor
Transliteration: obliviscaris
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 115

voces

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uox
Transliteration: voces
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 583

inimicorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inimicus
Transliteration: inimicorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 389

tuorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tuorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

superbia

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: superbia
Transliteration: superbia
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 102

eorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tu
Transliteration: te
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4602

oderunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: odi
Transliteration: oderunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 150

ascendit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ascendo
Transliteration: ascendit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 671

semper

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: semper
Transliteration: semper
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 180

Spirit Nation Greek LXX Alignment Note English · Greek Septuagint Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note

Source

Coverage: Source-structure exceptions

Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.

Editorial alignment note: The Greek Septuagint tradition often follows different ordering, grouping, or book structure here. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "Forget not the voice of thine enemies: the tumult of those that rise up against thee increaseth continually." This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.

Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.

Spirit Nation Latin Vulgate Alignment Note English · Latin Vulgate Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note

Source

Coverage: Source-structure exceptions

Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.

Editorial alignment note: The Clementine Vulgate source does not expose this exact reader reference as a one-to-one source row. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "Forget not the voice of thine enemies: the tumult of those that rise up against thee increaseth continually." This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.

Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Psalms 74

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