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World English Bible

Psalms 31

World English Bible, Verse 3

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³ For you are my rock and my fortress, therefore for your name’s sake lead me and guide me.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 31:3. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 60

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

הַטֵּ֤ה אֵלַ֨י ׀ אָזְנְךָ֮ מְהֵרָ֪ה הַצִּ֫ילֵ֥נִי הֱיֵ֤ה לִ֨י ׀ לְֽצוּר־מָ֭עוֹז לְבֵ֥ית מְצוּד֗וֹת לְהוֹשִׁיעֵֽנִי׃

12 word entries

הַטֵּ֤ה

Lemma: 5186
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5186
Occurrences: 132

אֵלַ֨י

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

אָזְנְךָ֮

Lemma: 241
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H241
Occurrences: 93

מְהֵרָ֪ה

Lemma: 4120
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4120
Occurrences: 19

הַצִּ֫ילֵ֥נִי

Lemma: 5337
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil imperative 2rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5337
Occurrences: 132

הֱיֵ֤ה

Lemma: 1961
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1961
Occurrences: 1660

לִ֨י

Lemma: l
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 4413

לְֽצוּר

Lemma: l/6697
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6697
Occurrences: 4

מָ֭עוֹז

Lemma: 4581
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4581
Occurrences: 26

לְבֵ֥ית

Lemma: l/1004 b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1004
Occurrences: 208

מְצוּד֗וֹת

Lemma: 4686 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4686
Occurrences: 3

לְהוֹשִׁיעֵֽנִי

Lemma: l/3467
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb hiphil infinitive construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3467
Occurrences: 22

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ὅτι ἐσίγησα, ἐπαλαιώθη τὰ ὀστᾶ μου, ἀπὸ τοῦ κράζειν με ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν.

13 word entries

Ὅτι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅτι
Transliteration: hoti
Morphology: subordinating conjunction
Gloss: that, because, for
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Conjunction introducing cause, content, or explanation.
Occurrences: 3703

ἐσίγησα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐσίγησα
Transliteration: esigesa
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

ἐπαλαιώθη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐπαλαιώθη
Transliteration: epalaiothe
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὀστᾶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὀστέον
Transliteration: osta
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative plural
Gloss: bones
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Bone.
Occurrences: 80

μου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

ἀπὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀπό
Transliteration: apo
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: from, away from
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
Occurrences: 3869

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

κράζειν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κράζειν
Transliteration: krazein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

με

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

ὅλην

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅλος
Transliteration: holen
Morphology: adjective, accusative feminine singular
Gloss: whole, all
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Whole, entire, all.
Occurrences: 195

τὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἡμέραν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἡμέρα
Transliteration: hemera
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: day
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Day.
Occurrences: 2366

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܨܠܝ ܠܘܬܝ ܐܕܢܟ ܘܒܥܓܠ ܥܢܝܢܝ ܗܘܝ ܠܝ ܐܠܗܐ ܡܥܕܪܢܐ ܘܒܝܬ ܓܘܣܐ ܘܦܪܘܩܝܢܝ

12 word entries

ܨܠܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܨܠܝ
Transliteration: sly
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 12

ܠܘܬܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܘܬܝ
Transliteration: lwty
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 135

ܐܕܢܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܕܢܟ
Transliteration: 'dnk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 14

ܘܒܥܓܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܒܥܓܠ
Transliteration: wb'gl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 9

ܥܢܝܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܢܝܢܝ
Transliteration: 'nyny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 12

ܗܘܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܘܝ
Transliteration: hwy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 130

ܠܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܝ
Transliteration: ly
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 865

ܐܠܗܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܠܗܐ
Transliteration: alaha
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: God
Occurrences: 940

ܡܥܕܪܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܥܕܪܢܐ
Transliteration: m'drn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 24

ܘܒܝܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܒܝܬ
Transliteration: wbyt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 69

ܓܘܣܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܓܘܣܐ
Transliteration: gws'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 19

ܘܦܪܘܩܝܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܦܪܘܩܝܢܝ
Transliteration: wprwqyny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 11

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אַצְלֵי לְוָתִי אוּדְנָךְ בְּסַרְהוֹבְיָא פְּצֵי יָתִי הֲוֵי לִי לִכְרַךְ עָשִׁין לְחוּסְנָא כְרִיכָא לְמִפְרַק יָתִי׃

14 word entries

אַצְלֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אצלי
Transliteration: 'tsly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 30

לְוָתִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ותי
Transliteration: lwty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 94

אוּדְנָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אודנך
Transliteration: 'wdnk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 17

בְּסַרְהוֹבְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סרהוביא
Transliteration: bsrhwby'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 5

פְּצֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פצי
Transliteration: ptsy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 28

יָתִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתי
Transliteration: yty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 381

הֲוֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הוי
Transliteration: hwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 40

לִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לי
Transliteration: ly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 595

לִכְרַךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כרך
Transliteration: lkrk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 28

עָשִׁין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עשין
Transliteration: 'shyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 7

לְחוּסְנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חוסנא
Transliteration: lchwsn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 2

כְרִיכָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ריכא
Transliteration: kryk'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 4

לְמִפְרַק

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מפרק
Transliteration: lmprq
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 33

יָתִי׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתי
Transliteration: yty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 381

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Quoniam tacui, inveteraverunt ossa mea, dum clamarem tota die.

9 word entries

quoniam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quoniam
Transliteration: quoniam
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1134

tacui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: taceo
Transliteration: tacui
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 89

inveteraverunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inueterasco
Transliteration: inveteraverunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 4

ossa

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: os
Transliteration: ossa
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 657

mea

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: mea
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

dum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dum
Transliteration: dum
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 136

clamarem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: clamo
Transliteration: clamarem
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 305

tota

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: totus
Transliteration: tota
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 276

die

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dies
Transliteration: die
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2559

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Psalms 31

Source Text Study

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