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World English Bible

Psalms 28

World English Bible, Verse 5

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⁵ Because they don’t respect the works of Yahweh, nor the operation of his hands, he will break them down and not build them up.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 28:5. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 53

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

כִּ֤י לֹ֤א יָבִ֡ינוּ אֶל־פְּעֻלֹּ֣ת יְ֭הוָה וְאֶל־מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יָדָ֑יו יֶ֝הֶרְסֵ֗ם וְלֹ֣א יִבְנֵֽם׃

12 word entries

כִּ֤י

Lemma: 3588 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3588
Occurrences: 4218

לֹ֤א

Lemma: 3808
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 3277

יָבִ֡ינוּ

Lemma: 995
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H995
Occurrences: 122

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

פְּעֻלֹּ֣ת

Lemma: 6468
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6468
Occurrences: 8

יְ֭הוָה

Lemma: 3068
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 5701

וְאֶל

Lemma: c/413
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + preposition
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 345

מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה

Lemma: 4639
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4639
Occurrences: 158

יָדָ֑יו

Lemma: 3027
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3027
Occurrences: 747

יֶ֝הֶרְסֵ֗ם

Lemma: 2040
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2040
Occurrences: 28

וְלֹ֣א

Lemma: c/3808
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 1593

יִבְנֵֽם

Lemma: 1129
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1129
Occurrences: 171

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Φωνὴ Κυρίου συντρίβοντος κέδρους, συντρίψει Κύριος τὰς κέδρους τοῦ Λιβάνου,

10 word entries

Φωνὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: φωνή
Transliteration: phone
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: voice, sound
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Voice, sound, or utterance.
Occurrences: 549

Κυρίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

συντρίβοντος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: συντρίβοντος
Transliteration: syntribontos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

κέδρους

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κέδρους
Transliteration: kedroys
Morphology: accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 12

συντρίψει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: συντρίψει
Transliteration: syntripsei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 12

Κύριος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

τὰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

κέδρους

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κέδρους
Transliteration: kedroys
Morphology: accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 12

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Λιβάνου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λίβανος
Transliteration: libanou
Morphology: noun/proper noun, genitive singular
Gloss: of frankincense; of Lebanon
Part of Speech: noun/proper noun
Definition: Frankincense, or Lebanon depending on context.
Occurrences: 58

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܡܛܠ ܕܠܐ ܐܣܬܟܠܘ ܒܥܒ̈ܕܘܗܝ ܕܡܪܝܐ ܘܒܥܒܕ ܐ̈ܝܕܘܗܝ ܢܣܚܘܦ ܐܢܘܢ ܘܠܐ ܢܒܢܐ ܐܢܘܢ

12 word entries

ܡܛܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MVL
Morphology: MVL
Occurrences: 0

ܕܠܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DL>
Morphology: D-L>
Occurrences: 0

ܐܣܬܟܠܘ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >STKLW
Morphology: @>(T&S@(S&TKL=[W:d
Occurrences: 0

ܒܥܒ̈ܕܘܗܝ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: B<B"DWHJ
Morphology: B-<BD==/(J&W-HJ
Occurrences: 0

ܕܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DMRJ>
Morphology: D-MRJ>/
Occurrences: 0

ܘܒܥܒܕ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WB<BD
Morphology: W-B-<BD==/
Occurrences: 0

ܐ̈ܝܕܘܗܝ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >"JDWHJ
Morphology: &>JD/(J&W-HJ
Occurrences: 0

ܢܣܚܘܦ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: NSXWP
Morphology: !N!SX&WP[
Occurrences: 0

ܐܢܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >NWN
Morphology: >NWN
Occurrences: 0

ܘܠܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WL>
Morphology: W-L>
Occurrences: 0

ܢܒܢܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: NBN>
Morphology: !N!BN(J&>[
Occurrences: 0

ܐܢܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >NWN
Morphology: >NWN
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

מְטוּל דְלָא מִתְבַּיְנִין לְאוֹרַיְיתָא דַייָ וּלְעוֹבָדֵי אַיְדוֹי יְפַגְרִנוּן וְלָא יִבְנִנוּן׃

10 word entries

מְטוּל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טול
Transliteration: mtwl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 322

דְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דלא
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 607

מִתְבַּיְנִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תבינין
Transliteration: mtbynyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

לְאוֹרַיְיתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אורייתא
Transliteration: l'wryyt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 19

דַייָ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דיי
Transliteration: dyy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1761

וּלְעוֹבָדֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לעובדי
Transliteration: wl'wbdy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

אַיְדוֹי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אידוי
Transliteration: 'ydwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 6

יְפַגְרִנוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יפגרנון
Transliteration: ypgrnwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

וְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ולא
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1587

יִבְנִנוּן׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יבננון
Transliteration: ybnnwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Vox Domini confringentis cedros, et confringet Dominus cedros Libani:

9 word entries

vox

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uox
Transliteration: vox
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 583

Domini

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Domini
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

confringentis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: confringo
Transliteration: confringentis
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 100

cedros

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cedrus
Transliteration: cedros
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 44

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

confringet

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: confringo
Transliteration: confringet
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 100

Dominus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Dominus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

cedros

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cedrus
Transliteration: cedros
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 44

Libani

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Libanus
Transliteration: Libani
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 65

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Isaiah 5:12

The harp, lyre, tambourine, and flute, with wine, are at their feasts; but they don’t respect the work of Yahweh, neither have they considered the operation of his hands.

8 relevance votes

Romans 1:28

Even as they refused to have God in their knowledge, God gave them up to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not fitting;

7 relevance votes

John 12:37

But though he had done so many signs before them, yet they didn’t believe in him,

6 relevance votes

2 Samuel 7:13

He will build a house for my name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever.

4 relevance votes

Psalms 10:5

His ways are prosperous at all times. He is arrogant, and your laws are far from his sight. As for all his adversaries, he sneers at them.

4 relevance votes

Isaiah 45:8

Rain, you heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness. Let the earth open, that it may produce salvation, and let it cause righteousness to spring up with it. I, Yahweh, have created it.

3 relevance votes

Jeremiah 31:4

I will build you again, and you will be built, O virgin of Israel. You will again be adorned with your tambourines, and will go out in the dances of those who make merry.

3 relevance votes

Isaiah 45:12

I have made the earth, and created man on it. I, even my hands, have stretched out the heavens. I have commanded all their army.

3 relevance votes

Hosea 14:9

Who is wise, that he may understand these things? Who is prudent, that he may know them? For the ways of Yahweh are right, and the righteous walk in them, but the rebellious stumble in them.

3 relevance votes

Psalms 104:24

Yahweh, how many are your works! In wisdom, you have made them all. The earth is full of your riches.

3 relevance votes

Isaiah 22:11

You also made a reservoir between the two walls for the water of the old pool. But you didn’t look to him who had done this, neither did you have respect for him who planned it long ago.

3 relevance votes

1 Kings 11:38

It shall be, if you will listen to all that I command you, and will walk in my ways, and do that which is right in my eyes, to keep my statutes and my commandments, as David my servant did, that I will be with you, and will build you a sure house, as I built for David, and will give Israel to you.

3 relevance votes

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