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World English Bible

Psalms 147

World English Bible, Verse 8

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⁸ who covers the sky with clouds, who prepares rain for the earth, who makes grass grow on the mountains.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 147:8. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 51

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

הַֽמְכַסֶּ֬ה שָׁמַ֨יִם ׀ בְּעָבִ֗ים הַמֵּכִ֣ין לָאָ֣רֶץ מָטָ֑ר הַמַּצְמִ֖יחַ הָרִ֣ים חָצִֽיר׃

9 word entries

הַֽמְכַסֶּ֬ה

Lemma: d/3680
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + verb piel participle active
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3680
Occurrences: 8

שָׁמַ֨יִם

Lemma: 8064
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8064
Occurrences: 99

בְּעָבִ֗ים

Lemma: b/5645
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender plural absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5645
Occurrences: 6

הַמֵּכִ֣ין

Lemma: d/3559 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + verb hiphil participle active
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3559
Occurrences: 2

לָאָ֣רֶץ

Lemma: l/776
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H776
Occurrences: 69

מָטָ֑ר

Lemma: 4306
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4306
Occurrences: 20

הַמַּצְמִ֖יחַ

Lemma: d/6779
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + verb hiphil participle active
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H6779
Occurrences: 2

הָרִ֣ים

Lemma: 2022
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2022
Occurrences: 206

חָצִֽיר

Lemma: 2682 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2682
Occurrences: 15

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἀπαγγέλλων τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ τῷ Ἰακώβ, δικαιώματα καὶ κρίματα αὐτοῦ τῷ Ἰσραήλ.

12 word entries

Ἀπαγγέλλων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀπαγγέλλων
Transliteration: apaggellon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

τὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

λόγον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λόγος
Transliteration: logon
Morphology: noun, masculine accusative singular
Gloss: word, matter
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Word, speech, account, matter, or reason.
Strong's: G3056
Occurrences: 1103

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Ἰακώβ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰακώβ
Transliteration: Iakob
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Jacob
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Jacob.
Occurrences: 392

δικαιώματα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δικαίωμα
Transliteration: dikaiomata
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative plural
Gloss: ordinances, righteous decrees
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Requirement, ordinance, righteous decree, or judgment.
Occurrences: 77

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

κρίματα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κρίμα
Transliteration: krima
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: judgment, decree
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Judgment, sentence, decree, or decision.
Occurrences: 163

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Ἰσραήλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰσραήλ
Transliteration: Israel
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Israel
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Israel; the patriarch, people, or land depending on context.
Occurrences: 2695

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܕܡܟܣܐ ܫܡܝܐ ܒܥܢ̈ܢܐ ܝܗܒ ܡܛܪܐ ܥܠ ܐܪܥܐ ܘܡܘܥܐ ܥܡܝܪܐ ܥܠ ܛܘܪ̈ܐ

11 word entries

ܕܡܟܣܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܟܣܐ
Transliteration: dmks'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 4

ܫܡܝܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܫܡܝܐ
Transliteration: shmaya
Morphology: noun, plural/emphatic
Gloss: heavens, sky
Occurrences: 200

ܒܥܢ̈ܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܥܢܢܐ
Transliteration: b'nn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 7

ܝܗܒ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܝܗܒ
Transliteration: yahab
Morphology: verb root/form
Gloss: gave
Occurrences: 147

ܡܛܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܛܪܐ
Transliteration: mtr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 50

ܥܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠ
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3346

ܐܪܥܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܪܥܐ
Transliteration: ara
Morphology: noun, feminine emphatic singular
Gloss: earth, land
Occurrences: 731

ܘܡܘܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܘܥܐ
Transliteration: wmw''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܥܡܝܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܡܝܪܐ
Transliteration: 'myr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 17

ܥܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠ
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3346

ܛܘܪ̈ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܘܪܐ
Transliteration: twr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 170

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

דַחֲפֵי שְׁמַיָא בַּעֲנָנָא דִמְתַקֵן לְאַרְעָא מִטְרָא דִמְרַבֵּי טוּרַיָא עִסְבֵּי׃

9 word entries

דַחֲפֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חפי
Transliteration: dchpy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 22

שְׁמַיָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: שמיא
Transliteration: shmy'
Morphology: noun masculine plural emphatic
Gloss: heavens, sky
Occurrences: 368

בַּעֲנָנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עננא
Transliteration: b'nn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 26

דִמְתַקֵן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מתקן
Transliteration: dmtqn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 10

לְאַרְעָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ארע
Transliteration: l'r''
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss: to/for earth, land
Occurrences: 1735

מִטְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טרא
Transliteration: mtr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 63

דִמְרַבֵּי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מרבי
Transliteration: dmrby
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 3

טוּרַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טוריא
Transliteration: twry'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 123

עִסְבֵּי׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עסבי
Transliteration: 'sby
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 3

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Qui annuntiat verbum suum Jacob, justitias et judicia sua Israël.

10 word entries

Qui

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: Qui
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 15011

annuntiat

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: annuntiat
Transliteration: annuntiat
Morphology: preliminary Latin finite verb, 3rd singular
Occurrences: 1

verbum

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: verbum
Transliteration: verbum
Morphology: noun, neuter
Gloss: word
Occurrences: 11

suum

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: suum
Transliteration: suum
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 28

Jacob

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: jacob
Transliteration: Jacob
Morphology: preliminary Latin source token
Occurrences: 4

justitias

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: justitias
Transliteration: justitias
Morphology: preliminary Latin source token
Occurrences: 3

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

judicia

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: judicia
Transliteration: judicia
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 7

sua

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: sua
Transliteration: sua
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 20

Israël

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: israël
Transliteration: Israël
Morphology: preliminary Latin source token
Occurrences: 44

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Psalms 147

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Ranked cross references

Job 5:10

Matthew 5:45

Genesis 9:14

Acts 14:17

Isaiah 5:6

Joel 2:23

Jeremiah 14:22

Psalms 135:1