12 These are hidden rocky reefs in your love feasts when they feast with you, shepherds who without fear feed themselves; clouds without water, carried along by winds; autumn trees without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots;
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Jude 1:12. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
100
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Οὗτοί εἰσιν ἐν ταῖς ἀγάπαις ὑμῶν σπιλάδες, συνευωχούμενοι, ἀφόβως ἑαυτοὺς ποιμαίνοντες· νεφέλαι ἄνυδροι, ὑπὸ ἀνέμων περιφερόμεναι· δένδρα φθινοπωρινά, ἄκαρπα, δὶς ἀποθανόντα, ἐκριζωθέντα·
23 word entries
outoi
eisin
en
taiv
agapaiv
umwn
spiladev
suneuwcoumenoi
- Lemma
- suneuwcoumenoi
- Transliteration
- suneuwcoumenoi
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present middle/passive deponent participle nominative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4910
- Occurrences
- 2
umin
afobwv
eautouv
poimainontev
- Lemma
- poimainontev
- Transliteration
- poimainontev
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active participle nominative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4165
- Occurrences
- 1
nefelai
anudroi
upo
anemwn
periferomenai
- Lemma
- periferomenai
- Transliteration
- periferomenai
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present passive participle nominative plural feminine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4064
- Occurrences
- 1
dendra
fqinopwrina
- Lemma
- fqinopwrina
- Transliteration
- fqinopwrina
- Morphology
- Greek: adjective nominative plural neuter
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Strong's
- G5352
- Occurrences
- 1
akarpa
div
apoqanonta
- Lemma
- apoqanonta
- Transliteration
- apoqanonta
- Morphology
- Greek: verb second aorist active participle nominative plural neuter
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G599
- Occurrences
- 1
ekrizwqenta
- Lemma
- ekrizwqenta
- Transliteration
- ekrizwqenta
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist passive participle nominative plural neuter
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1610
- Occurrences
- 1
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
Οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ ἐν ταῖς ἀγάπαις ὑμῶν σπιλάδες συνευωχούμενοι ἀφόβως, ἑαυτοὺς ποιμαίνοντες, νεφέλαι ἄνυδροι ὑπὸ ἀνέμων παραφερόμεναι, δένδρα φθινοπωρινὰ ἄκαρπα δὶς ἀποθανόντα ἐκριζωθέντα,
23 word entries
εἰσιν
οἱ
ἐν
ταῖς
φθινοπωρινὰ
- Lemma
- φθινοπωρινός
- Morphology
- A-NPN
- Part of Speech
- A
- Strong's
- G5352
- Occurrences
- 1
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܗܠܝܢ ܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܒܢܝܚܬܗܘܢ ܟܕ ܡܟܬܡܝܢ ܡܬܦܪܦܥܝܢ ܟܕ ܕܠܐ ܕܚܠܬܐ ܢܦܫܗܘܢ ܪܥܝܢ ܥܢܢܐ ܕܠܐ ܡܛܪܐ ܕܡܢ ܪܘܚܐ ܦܗܝܢ ܐܝܠܢܐ ܕܐܘܦܝ ܐܒܗܘܢ ܕܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ ܕܠܐ ܦܐܪܐ ܕܡܝܬܘ ܬܢܝܢܘܬ ܘܣܠܩܘ ܡܢ ܥܩܪܝܗܘܢ
29 word entries
ܗܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- hlyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 451
ܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'ytyhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 49
ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- 'ylyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 319
ܕܒܢܝܚܬܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܒܢܝܚܬܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- dbnyhthwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܟܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܕ
- Transliteration
- kd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 730
ܡܟܬܡܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܟܬܡܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mktmyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܡܬܦܪܦܥܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܬܦܪܦܥܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mtprp'yn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܟܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܕ
- Transliteration
- kd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 730
ܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 720
ܕܚܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dhlt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 25
ܢܦܫܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܦܫܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- npshhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 23
ܪܥܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܥܝܢ
- Transliteration
- r'yn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 4
ܥܢܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܢܢܐ
- Transliteration
- 'nn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 17
ܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 720
ܡܛܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܪܐ
- Transliteration
- mtr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 11
ܕܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܢ
- Transliteration
- dmn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 259
ܪܘܚܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܪܘܚܐ
- Transliteration
- ruha
- Morphology
- noun, feminine emphatic singular
- Gloss
- spirit, wind
- Occurrences
- 199
ܦܗܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܗܝܢ
- Transliteration
- phyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܝܠܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܠܢܐ
- Transliteration
- 'yln'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 20
ܕܐܘܦܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܘܦܝ
- Transliteration
- d'wpy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܒܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܒܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'bhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- d'ytyhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 28
ܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 720
ܦܐܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܐܪܐ
- Transliteration
- p'r'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 55
ܕܡܝܬܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܝܬܘ
- Transliteration
- dmytw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܬܢܝܢܘܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܢܝܢܘܬ
- Transliteration
- tnynwt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܣܠܩܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܣܠܩܘ
- Transliteration
- wslqw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 7
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܥܩܪܝܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܩܪܝܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'qryhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Hi sunt in epulis suis maculæ, convivantes sine timore, semetipsos pascentes, nubes sine aqua, quæ a ventis circumferentur, arbores autumnales, infructuosæ, bis mortuæ, eradicatæ,
25 word entries
hii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hic
- Transliteration
- hii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4646
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
epulis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- epulae
- Transliteration
- epulis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 15
suis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- suus
- Transliteration
- suis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5783
maculae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- macula
- Transliteration
- maculae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 47
convivantes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- conuiuor
- Transliteration
- convivantes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1
sine
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sine
- Transliteration
- sine
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 241
timore
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- timor
- Transliteration
- timore
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 209
semet
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sui
- Transliteration
- semet
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1317
ipsos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ipse
- Transliteration
- ipsos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2134
pascentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pascor
- Transliteration
- pascentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 13
nubes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nubes
- Transliteration
- nubes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 150
sine
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sine
- Transliteration
- sine
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 241
aqua
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- aqua
- Transliteration
- aqua
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 692
quae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
a
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- a
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
ventis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uentus
- Transliteration
- ventis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 113
circumferuntur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- circumfero
- Transliteration
- circumferuntur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 9
arbores
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- arbor
- Transliteration
- arbores
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 62
autumnales
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autumnalis
- Transliteration
- autumnales
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 1
infructuosae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- infructuosus
- Transliteration
- infructuosae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 4
bis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- bis
- Transliteration
- bis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 34
mortuae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mortuus
- Transliteration
- mortuae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 240
eradicatae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- eradico
- Transliteration
- eradicatae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 14
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Matthew 15:13
But he answered, “Every plant which my heavenly Father didn’t plant will be uprooted.
10 relevance votesEzekiel 34:8
“As I live,” says the Lord Yahweh, “surely because my sheep became a prey, and my sheep became food to all the animals of the field, because there was no shepherd, and my shepherds didn’t search for my sheep, but the shepherds fed themselves, and didn’t feed my sheep,
9 relevance votesProverbs 25:14
As clouds and wind without rain, so is he who boasts of gifts deceptively.
8 relevance votesEphesians 4:14
that we may no longer be children, tossed back and forth and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the trickery of men, in craftiness, after the wiles of error;
8 relevance votesPhilippians 3:19
whose end is destruction, whose god is the belly, and whose glory is in their shame, who think about earthly things.
8 relevance votesLuke 21:34
“So be careful, or your hearts will be loaded down with carousing, drunkenness, and cares of this life, and that day will come on you suddenly.
6 relevance votesLuke 8:6
Some seed fell on the rock, and as soon as it grew, it withered away, because it had no moisture.
5 relevance votesEzekiel 34:2
“Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel. Prophesy, and tell them, even the shepherds, ‘The Lord Yahweh says: “Woe to the shepherds of Israel who feed themselves! Shouldn’t the shepherds feed the sheep?
5 relevance votesEzekiel 34:10
The Lord Yahweh says: “Behold, I am against the shepherds. I will require my sheep at their hand, and cause them to cease from feeding the sheep. The shepherds won’t feed themselves any more. I will deliver my sheep from their mouth, that they may not be food for them.”
5 relevance votesLuke 12:45
But if that servant says in his heart, ‘My lord delays his coming,’ and begins to beat the menservants and the maidservants, and to eat and drink and to be drunken,
4 relevance votesPsalms 1:3
He will be like a tree planted by the streams of water, that produces its fruit in its season, whose leaf also does not wither. Whatever he does shall prosper.
4 relevance votesMatthew 13:6
When the sun had risen, they were scorched. Because they had no root, they withered away.
4 relevance votes