Job
Chapter 31
Verse 4
WEB
Jump to another chapter in Job
Jump to a verse in Job 31
World English Bible

Job 31

World English Bible, Verse 4

Show original chapter
Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Job 31:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 41
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

הֲלֹא־ה֭וּא יִרְאֶ֣ה דְרָכָ֑י וְֽכָל־צְעָדַ֥י יִסְפּֽוֹר׃

7 word entries
הֲלֹא
Lemma
i/3808
Morphology
Hebrew: particle + particle
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H3808
Occurrences
272
ה֭וּא
Lemma
1931
Morphology
Hebrew: pronoun
Part of Speech
pronoun
Strong's
H1931
Occurrences
1188
יִרְאֶ֣ה
Lemma
7200
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H7200
Occurrences
675
דְרָכָ֑י
Lemma
1870
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common both gender plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H1870
Occurrences
375
וְֽכָל
Lemma
c/3605
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H3605
Occurrences
749
צְעָדַ֥י
Lemma
6806
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H6806
Occurrences
14
יִסְפּֽוֹר
Lemma
5608 a
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H5608
Occurrences
62
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Οὐχὶ αὐτὸς ὄψεται ὁδόν μου, καὶ πάντα τὰ διαβήματά μου ἐξαριθμήσεται;

11 word entries
Οὐχὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
ouchi
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not, no
Part of Speech
particle
Definition
Emphatic negative particle.
Occurrences
180
αὐτὸς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
ὄψεται
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
opsetai
Morphology
verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it will see
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To see, perceive, or look at.
Occurrences
768
ὁδόν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
odon
Morphology
accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
31
μου
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐγώ
Transliteration
ego
Morphology
pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss
I
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences
11445
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
πάντα
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
πᾶς
Transliteration
pas
Morphology
adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
all, every
Part of Speech
adjective
Definition
All, every, whole.
Occurrences
6138
τὰ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
διαβήματά
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
diabemata
Morphology
nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
10
μου
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐγώ
Transliteration
ego
Morphology
pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss
I
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences
11445
ἐξαριθμήσεται
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
exarithmesetai
Morphology
verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it will ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
4
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܗܘܝܘ ܚܙܐ ܐܘܪ̈ܚܬܝ ܘܟܠܗܝܢ ܗ̈ܠܟܬܝ ܡܢܐ

6 word entries
ܗܘܝܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
hwyw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
31
ܚܙܐ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܚܙܐ
Transliteration
hza
Morphology
verb root/form
Gloss
saw
Occurrences
107
ܐܘܪ̈ܚܬܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'wrhty
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
20
ܘܟܠܗܝܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wklhyn
Morphology
possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
45
ܗ̈ܠܟܬܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
hlkty
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
10
ܡܢܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܡܢܐ
Transliteration
mn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
299
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

הֲלָא הוּא יֶחֱמֵי אוֹרְחָתַי וְכָל פְּסִיעָתַי יִמְנֵה׃

7 word entries
הֲלָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
הלא
Transliteration
hl'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
287
הוּא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
הוא
Transliteration
hw'
Morphology
personal/demonstrative pronoun
Gloss
he, it
Occurrences
992
יֶחֱמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ychmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
14
אוֹרְחָתַי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'wrchty
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
7
וְכָל
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
וכל
Transliteration
wkl
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
550
פְּסִיעָתַי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
psy'ty
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
6
יִמְנֵה׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ymnh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
3
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Nonne ipse considerat vias meas, et cunctos gressus meos dinumerat?

10 word entries
nonne
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
nonne
Transliteration
nonne
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
208
ipse
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ipse
Transliteration
ipse
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
2134
considerat
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
considerat
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
111
vias
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uia
Transliteration
vias
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
853
meas
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
meus
Transliteration
meas
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
4586
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
cunctos
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
cunctus
Transliteration
cunctos
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
586
gressus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
gressus
Transliteration
gressus
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
37
meos
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
meus
Transliteration
meos
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
4586
dinumerat
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
dinumerat
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
15

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Job 34:21

“For his eyes are on the ways of a man. He sees all his goings.

10 relevance votes

2 Chronicles 16:9

For Yahweh’s eyes run back and forth throughout the whole earth, to show himself strong in the behalf of them whose heart is perfect toward him. You have done foolishly in this; for from now on you will have wars.”

9 relevance votes

Proverbs 5:21

For the ways of man are before Yahweh’s eyes. He examines all his paths.

9 relevance votes

Job 14:16

But now you count my steps. Don’t you watch over my sin?

8 relevance votes

Proverbs 15:3

Yahweh’s eyes are everywhere, keeping watch on the evil and the good.

7 relevance votes

Jeremiah 32:19

great in counsel, and mighty in work; whose eyes are open to all the ways of the children of men, to give everyone according to his ways, and according to the fruit of his doings;

7 relevance votes

Jeremiah 16:17

For my eyes are on all their ways. They are not hidden from my face. Their iniquity isn’t concealed from my eyes.

6 relevance votes

Psalms 44:21

won’t God search this out? For he knows the secrets of the heart.

4 relevance votes

Genesis 16:13

She called the name of Yahweh who spoke to her, “You are a God who sees,” for she said, “Have I even stayed alive after seeing him?”

4 relevance votes

Hebrews 4:13

There is no creature that is hidden from his sight, but all things are naked and laid open before the eyes of him to whom we must give an account.

4 relevance votes

John 1:48

Nathanael said to him, “How do you know me?” Jesus answered him, “Before Philip called you, when you were under the fig tree, I saw you.”

3 relevance votes
Chapter 31 of 42 Verse 4 of 40