18 He loosens the bond of kings. He binds their waist with a belt.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Job 12:18. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
35
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
מוּסַ֣ר מְלָכִ֣ים פִּתֵּ֑חַ וַיֶּאְסֹ֥ר אֵ֝ז֗וֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶֽם׃
6 word entries
מוּסַ֣ר
מְלָכִ֣ים
פִּתֵּ֑חַ
וַיֶּאְסֹ֥ר
אֵ֝ז֗וֹר
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καθιζάνων βασιλεῖς ἐπὶ θρόνους, καὶ περιεδησε ζώνῃ ὀσφύας αὐτῶν.
9 word entries
Καθιζάνων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- καθιζάνων
- Transliteration
- kathizanon
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
βασιλεῖς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- βασιλεύς
- Transliteration
- basileus
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- king
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- King or ruler.
- Occurrences
- 3067
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
θρόνους
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- θρόνους
- Transliteration
- thronoys
- Morphology
- accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
περιεδησε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- περιεδησε
- Transliteration
- periedese
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ζώνῃ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ζώνῃ
- Transliteration
- zone
- Morphology
- nominative feminine singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
ὀσφύας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ὀσφύας
- Transliteration
- osphyas
- Morphology
- accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 8
αὐτῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡ̇ܚܬ ܡ̈ܠܟܝܢ ܠܬܪܥܐ ܘܐ̇ܣܪ ܚ̈ܙܩܐ ܒܚ̈ܨܝܗܘܢ
6 word entries
ܡ̇ܚܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܚܬ
- Transliteration
- mht
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 5
ܡ̈ܠܟܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܠܟܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mlkyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 15
ܠܬܪܥܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܬܪܥܐ
- Transliteration
- ltr''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 34
ܘܐ̇ܣܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܣܪ
- Transliteration
- w'sr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 9
ܚ̈ܙܩܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܙܩܐ
- Transliteration
- hzq'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 2
ܒܚ̈ܨܝܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܚܨܝܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- bhsyhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 5
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
שׁוּשִׁילְתָּא דְמַלְכַיָא מַשְׁרֵי וְאָסַר קִמוּר בְּחַרְצֵיהוֹן׃
6 word entries
שׁוּשִׁילְתָּא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שושילתא
- Transliteration
- shwshylt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 2
דְמַלְכַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מלכיא
- Transliteration
- dmlky'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 27
מַשְׁרֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שרי
- Transliteration
- mshry
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 75
וְאָסַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אסר
- Transliteration
- w'sr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4
קִמוּר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קמור
- Transliteration
- qmwr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 4
בְּחַרְצֵיהוֹן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חרציהון
- Transliteration
- bchrtsyhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 7
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Balteum regum dissolvit, et præcingit fune renes eorum.
8 word entries
balteum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- balteus
- Transliteration
- balteum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 13
regum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- rex
- Transliteration
- regum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2981
dissolvit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dissoluo
- Transliteration
- dissolvit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 36
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
praecingit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praecingo
- Transliteration
- praecingit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 16
fune
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- funis
- Transliteration
- fune
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 27
renes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- renes
- Transliteration
- renes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 23
eorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Daniel 2:21
He changes the times and the seasons. He removes kings and sets up kings. He gives wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to those who have understanding.
5 relevance votesPsalms 116:16
Yahweh, truly I am your servant. I am your servant, the son of your servant girl. You have freed me from my chains.
4 relevance votesRevelation 19:16
He has on his garment and on his thigh a name written, “KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS.”
2 relevance votes