1 Samuel
Chapter 17
Verse 42
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World English Bible

1 Samuel 17

World English Bible, Verse 42

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42 When the Philistine looked around and saw David, he disdained him; for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and had a good looking face.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Samuel 17:42. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 71
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיַּבֵּ֧ט הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛י וַיִּרְאֶ֥ה אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד וַיִּבְזֵ֑הוּ כִּֽי־הָיָ֣ה נַ֔עַר וְאַדְמֹנִ֖י עִם־יְפֵ֥ה מַרְאֶֽה׃

13 word entries
וַיַּבֵּ֧ט
Lemma
c/5027
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H5027
Occurrences
23
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛י
Lemma
d/6430
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + noun gentilic masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H6430
Occurrences
42
וַיִּרְאֶ֥ה
Lemma
c/7200
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H7200
Occurrences
487
אֶת
Lemma
853
Morphology
Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H853
Occurrences
8730
דָּוִ֖ד
Lemma
1732
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H1732
Occurrences
847
וַיִּבְזֵ֑הוּ
Lemma
c/959
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H959
Occurrences
12
כִּֽי
Lemma
3588 a
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H3588
Occurrences
4218
הָיָ֣ה
Lemma
1961
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H1961
Occurrences
1660
נַ֔עַר
Lemma
5288
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H5288
Occurrences
88
וְאַדְמֹנִ֖י
Lemma
c/132
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + adjective
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H132
Occurrences
1
עִם
Lemma
5973 a
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H5973
Occurrences
900
יְפֵ֥ה
Lemma
3303
Morphology
Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech
adjective
Strong's
H3303
Occurrences
35
מַרְאֶֽה
Lemma
4758
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H4758
Occurrences
41
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ εἶδε Γολιὰθ τὸν Δαυὶδ, καὶ ἐξητίμασεν αὐτόν· ὅτι αὐτὸς ἦν παιδάριον, καὶ αὐτὸς πυῤῥάκης μετὰ κάλλους ὀφθαλμὼν.

18 word entries
Καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
εἶδε
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
eide
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it saw
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To see, perceive, or look at.
Occurrences
768
Γολιὰθ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
goliath
Morphology
proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss
Γολιὰθ
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
6
τὸν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
Δαυὶδ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
David
Morphology
proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss
David
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
David.
Occurrences
1047
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐξητίμασεν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
exetimasen
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss
he/she ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
αὐτόν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
ὅτι
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ὅτι
Transliteration
hoti
Morphology
subordinating conjunction
Gloss
that, because, for
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Conjunction introducing cause, content, or explanation.
Occurrences
3703
αὐτὸς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
ἦν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
en
Morphology
verb, imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it was
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To be or exist.
Strong's
G1510
Occurrences
5427
παιδάριον
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
paidarion
Morphology
noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss
child, young servant
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Child, youth, or young servant.
Occurrences
99
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
αὐτὸς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
πυῤῥάκης
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
pyakes
Morphology
genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
Gloss
of ...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
3
μετὰ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
meta
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
with, after
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of μετά.
Occurrences
2247
κάλλους
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
kalloys
Morphology
accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
13
ὀφθαλμὼν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
ophthalmon
Morphology
Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss
of ... / being ...
Part of Speech
participle/noun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
2
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܕܝܩ ܦܠܫܬܝܐ ܘܚܙܐ ܠܕܘܝܕ ܘܒܣܪ ܥܠܘܗܝ ܡܛܠ ܕܛܠܝܐ ܣܡܩܪܝ ܗܘܐ ܘܫܦܝܪ ܚܙܘܗ

12 word entries
ܘܐܕܝܩ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
w'dyq
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
2
ܦܠܫܬܝܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
plshty'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
99
ܘܚܙܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
whz'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
94
ܠܕܘܝܕ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
ldwyd
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
181
ܘܒܣܪ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wbsr
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
2
ܥܠܘܗܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'lwhy
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
372
ܡܛܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܡܛܠ
Transliteration
mtl
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
2606
ܕܛܠܝܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dtly'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
23
ܣܡܩܪܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
smqry
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
2
ܗܘܐ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܗܘܐ
Transliteration
hwa
Morphology
verb, being/becoming root form
Gloss
was, became
Occurrences
1800
ܘܫܦܝܪ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wshpyr
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
9
ܚܙܘܗ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
hzwh
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
12
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְאִסְתְּכֵי פְלִשְׁתָּאָה וַחֲזָא יַת דָוִד וְשַׁטְיֵהּ אֲרֵי הֲוָה יַנִיק וְסַמוֹק שַׁפִּיר בְּרֵיוֵיהּ׃

12 word entries
וְאִסְתְּכֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
w'stky
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
11
פְלִשְׁתָּאָה
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
plsht'h
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
33
וַחֲזָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
חזא
Transliteration
wchz'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
80
יַת
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
ית
Transliteration
yt
Morphology
accusative/direct object marker
Gloss
direct object marker
Occurrences
4303
דָוִד
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
דוד
Transliteration
dwd
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1106
וְשַׁטְיֵהּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
wshtyh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
1
אֲרֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ארי
Transliteration
'ry
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1969
הֲוָה
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
הוה
Transliteration
hwh
Morphology
verbal root הוה
Gloss
was, became, happened
Occurrences
1114
יַנִיק
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ynyq
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
16
וְסַמוֹק
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
wsmwq
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
3
שַׁפִּיר
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
shpyr
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
51
בְּרֵיוֵיהּ׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
brywyh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
5
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Cumque inspexisset Philisthæus, et vidisset David, despexit eum. Erat enim adolescens, rufus, et pulcher aspectu.

16 word entries
cumque
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
cum
Transliteration
cumque
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
5272
{cumque}
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
que
Transliteration
{cumque}
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences
4392
inspexisset
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
inspexisset
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
12
Philistheus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Philistheus
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
48
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
vidisset
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uideo
Transliteration
vidisset
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
1988
David
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Dauid
Transliteration
David
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
1095
despexit
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
despexit
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
68
eum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eum
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
erat
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
erat
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
enim
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
enim
Transliteration
enim
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences
2392
adulescens
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
adulescens
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
59
rufus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
rufus
Transliteration
rufus
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
9
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
pulcher
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
pulcher
Transliteration
pulcher
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
57
aspectu
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
aspectu
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
51

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

1 Samuel 16:12

He sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, with a handsome face and good appearance. Yahweh said, “Arise! Anoint him, for this is he.”

5 relevance votes

1 Samuel 17:33

Saul said to David, “You are not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him; for you are but a youth, and he a man of war from his youth.”

3 relevance votes

Proverbs 16:18

Pride goes before destruction, and an arrogant spirit before a fall.

2 relevance votes

1 Kings 20:18

He said, “If they have come out for peace, take them alive; or if they have come out for war, take them alive.”

1 relevance votes
Chapter 17 of 31 Verse 42 of 58