22 Who is the liar but he who denies that Jesus is the Christ? This is the Antichrist, he who denies the Father and the Son.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 John 2:22. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
90
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Τίς ἐστιν ὁ ψεύστης, εἰ μὴ ὁ ἀρνούμενος ὅτι Ἰησοῦς οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ Χριστός; Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἀντίχριστος, ὁ ἀρνούμενος τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὸν υἱόν.
25 word entries
Τίς
ἐστιν
ὁ
ψεύστης
εἰ
μὴ
ὁ
ἀρνούμενος
- Lemma
- arnoumenov
- Transliteration
- arnoumenov
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present middle/passive deponent participle nominative singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G720
- Occurrences
- 3
ὅτι
Ἰησοῦς
οὐκ
ἔστιν
ὁ
Χριστός
Οὗτός
ἐστιν
ὁ
ἀντίχριστος
- Lemma
- anticristov
- Transliteration
- anticristov
- Morphology
- Greek: noun nominative singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G500
- Occurrences
- 3
ὁ
ἀρνούμενος
- Lemma
- arnoumenov
- Transliteration
- arnoumenov
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present middle/passive deponent participle nominative singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G720
- Occurrences
- 3
τὸν
πατέρα
καὶ
τὸν
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
τίς ἐστιν ὁ ψεύστης εἰ μὴ ὁ ἀρνούμενος ὅτι Ἰησοῦς οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ Χριστός; οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἀντίχριστος, ὁ ἀρνούμενος τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὸν υἱόν.
25 word entries
ἐστιν
ὁ
ὁ
ἔστιν
ὁ
ἐστιν
ὁ
ἀντίχριστος,
- Lemma
- ἀντίχριστος
- Morphology
- N-NSM
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G0500
- Occurrences
- 5
ὁ
τὸν
καὶ
τὸν
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܢܘ ܕܓܠܐ ܐܠܐ ܐܢ ܐܝܢܐ ܕܟܦܪ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܗܢܐ ܗܘ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܕܓܠܐ ܗܘ ܕܟܦܪ ܒܐܒܐ ܟܦܪ ܐܦ ܒܒܪܐ
20 word entries
ܡܢܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢܘ
- Transliteration
- mnw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 109
ܕܓܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܓܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dgl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 31
ܐܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܠܐ
- Transliteration
- 'l'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 784
ܐܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢ
- Transliteration
- 'n
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 417
ܐܝܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܢܐ
- Transliteration
- 'yn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 106
ܕܟܦܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܟܦܪ
- Transliteration
- dkpr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܕܝܫܘܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܫܘܥ
- Transliteration
- dyshw'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 124
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 1681
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܡܫܝܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܝܚܐ
- Transliteration
- mshyh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 404
ܗܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܢܐ
- Transliteration
- hn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 482
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 1648
ܡܫܝܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܝܚܐ
- Transliteration
- mshyh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 404
ܕܓܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܓܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dgl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 31
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 1648
ܕܟܦܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܟܦܪ
- Transliteration
- dkpr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܒܐܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܐܒܐ
- Transliteration
- b'b'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܟܦܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܦܪ
- Transliteration
- kpr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 11
ܐܦ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܦ
- Transliteration
- 'p
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 544
ܒܒܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܒܪܐ
- Transliteration
- bbr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 5
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Quis est mendax, nisi is qui negat quoniam Jesus est Christus? Hic est antichristus, qui negat Patrem, et Filium.
20 word entries
quis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quis
- Transliteration
- quis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1619
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
mendax
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mendax
- Transliteration
- mendax
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 42
nisi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nisi
- Transliteration
- nisi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 265
is
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- is
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
negat
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nego
- Transliteration
- negat
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 56
quoniam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quoniam
- Transliteration
- quoniam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1134
Iesus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iesus
- Transliteration
- Iesus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 970
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Christus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Christus
- Transliteration
- Christus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 541
hic
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hic
- Transliteration
- hic
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4646
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
antichristus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- antichristus
- Transliteration
- antichristus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
negat
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nego
- Transliteration
- negat
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 56
Patrem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pater
- Transliteration
- Patrem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1575
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Filium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- filius
- Transliteration
- Filium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5067
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
2 John 1:7
For many deceivers have gone out into the world, those who don’t confess that Jesus Christ came in the flesh. This is the deceiver and the Antichrist.
27 relevance votes1 John 4:3
and every spirit who doesn’t confess that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh is not of God; and this is the spirit of the Antichrist, of whom you have heard that it comes. Now it is in the world already.
25 relevance votes1 John 2:18
Little children, these are the end times, and as you heard that the Antichrist is coming, even now many antichrists have arisen. By this we know that it is the final hour.
15 relevance votesJude 1:4
For there are certain men who crept in secretly, even those who were long ago written about for this condemnation: ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into indecency, and denying our only Master, God, and Lord, Jesus Christ.
14 relevance votes1 John 2:23
Whoever denies the Son doesn’t have the Father. He who confesses the Son has the Father also.
8 relevance votes1 John 4:20
If a man says, “I love God,” and hates his brother, he is a liar; for he who doesn’t love his brother whom he has seen, how can he love God whom he has not seen?
7 relevance votes1 John 1:6
If we say that we have fellowship with him and walk in the darkness, we lie and don’t tell the truth.
7 relevance votes1 John 2:4
One who says, “I know him,” and doesn’t keep his commandments, is a liar, and the truth isn’t in him.
7 relevance votesJohn 8:44
You are of your father the devil, and you want to do the desires of your father. He was a murderer from the beginning, and doesn’t stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaks a lie, he speaks on his own; for he is a liar, and the father of lies.
6 relevance votesRevelation 3:9
Behold, I make some of the synagogue of Satan, of those who say they are Jews, and they are not, but lie—behold, I will make them to come and worship before your feet, and to know that I have loved you.
1 relevance votes