Ruth
Chapter 1
1 2 3 4
Verse 1
WEB-C
Jump to another chapter in Ruth
1 2 3 4
Jump to a verse in Ruth 1
World English Bible, Catholic Edition

Ruth 1

World English Bible, Catholic Edition, Verse 1

Show original chapter

1 In the days when the judges judged, there was a famine in the land. A certain man of Bethlehem Judah went to live in the country of Moab with his wife and his two sons.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Ruth 1:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 221
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיְהִ֗י בִּימֵי֙ שְׁפֹ֣ט הַשֹּׁפְטִ֔ים וַיְהִ֥י רָעָ֖ב בָּאָ֑רֶץ וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ אִ֜ישׁ מִבֵּ֧ית לֶ֣חֶם יְהוּדָ֗ה לָגוּר֙ בִּשְׂדֵ֣י מוֹאָ֔ב ה֥וּא וְאִשְׁתּ֖וֹ וּשְׁנֵ֥י בָנָֽיו׃

19 word entries
וַיְהִ֗י
Lemma
c/1961
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H1961
Occurrences
1772
בִּימֵי֙
Lemma
b/3117
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H3117
Occurrences
662
שְׁפֹ֣ט
Lemma
8199
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H8199
Occurrences
112
הַשֹּׁפְטִ֔ים
Lemma
d/8199
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + verb qal participle active
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H8199
Occurrences
11
וַיְהִ֥י
Lemma
c/1961
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H1961
Occurrences
1772
רָעָ֖ב
Lemma
7458
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H7458
Occurrences
27
בָּאָ֑רֶץ
Lemma
b/776
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H776
Occurrences
484
וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ
Lemma
c/3212
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H3212
Occurrences
453
אִ֜ישׁ
Lemma
376
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H376
Occurrences
1458
מִבֵּ֧ית
Lemma
m/1035+
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H1035
Occurrences
11
לֶ֣חֶם
Lemma
1035
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H1035
Occurrences
41
יְהוּדָ֗ה
Lemma
3063
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3063
Occurrences
682
לָגוּר֙
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H1481
Occurrences
18
בִּשְׂדֵ֣י
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H7704
Occurrences
92
מוֹאָ֔ב
Lemma
4124
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H4124
Occurrences
160
ה֥וּא
Lemma
1931
Morphology
Hebrew: pronoun
Part of Speech
pronoun
Strong's
H1931
Occurrences
1188
וְאִשְׁתּ֖וֹ
Lemma
c/802
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + noun common feminine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H802
Occurrences
72
וּשְׁנֵ֥י
Lemma
c/8147
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + adjective
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H8147
Occurrences
147
בָנָֽיו
Lemma
1121 a
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H1121
Occurrences
4020
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

ΚΑΙ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ κρίνειν τοὺς κριτὰς, καὶ ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἐν τῇ γῇ· καὶ ἐπορεύθη ἀνὴρ ἀπὸ Βηθλεὲμ Ἰούδα τοῦ παροικῆσαι ἐν ἀγρῷ Μωὰβ, αὐτὸς καὶ ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ, καὶ οἱ δύο υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ.

34 word entries
ΚΑΙ
Status
Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note
Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma
και
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
49
ἐγένετο
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
egeneto
Morphology
verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it became, happened
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To become, happen, come to be, or be made.
Occurrences
1418
ἐν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐν
Transliteration
en
Morphology
preposition with dative
Gloss
in, among, with
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's
G1722
Occurrences
13086
τῷ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
κρίνειν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
krinein
Morphology
present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss
to ...
Part of Speech
infinitive
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
10
τοὺς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
κριτὰς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
kritas
Morphology
accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
14
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐγένετο
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
egeneto
Morphology
verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it became, happened
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To become, happen, come to be, or be made.
Occurrences
1418
λιμὸς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
limos
Morphology
nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
35
ἐν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐν
Transliteration
en
Morphology
preposition with dative
Gloss
in, among, with
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's
G1722
Occurrences
13086
τῇ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
γῇ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
γῆ
Transliteration
ge
Morphology
noun, feminine dative singular
Gloss
earth, land
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Earth, ground, or land.
Strong's
G1093
Occurrences
2962
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐπορεύθη
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
eporeuthe
Morphology
verb, aorist passive/deponent indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it went
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To go, travel, journey, or walk.
Occurrences
631
ἀνὴρ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
aner
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
man, husband
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Man, male, husband.
Occurrences
1573
ἀπὸ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἀπό
Transliteration
apo
Morphology
preposition with genitive
Gloss
from, away from
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
Occurrences
3869
Βηθλεὲμ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
bethleem
Morphology
proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss
Βηθλεὲμ
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
23
Ἰούδα
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Iouda
Morphology
proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss
Judah, Judas
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Judah/Judas depending on context.
Occurrences
692
τοῦ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
παροικῆσαι
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
paroikesai
Morphology
Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss
to ...
Part of Speech
infinitive/verb form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
5
ἐν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐν
Transliteration
en
Morphology
preposition with dative
Gloss
in, among, with
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's
G1722
Occurrences
13086
ἀγρῷ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
agro
Morphology
noun, masculine dative singular
Gloss
field
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Field, countryside, or farm land.
Occurrences
141
Μωὰβ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Moab
Morphology
proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss
Moab
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Moab.
Occurrences
174
αὐτὸς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
γυνὴ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
gyne
Morphology
noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss
woman, wife
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Woman or wife.
Occurrences
889
αὐτοῦ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
οἱ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
δύο
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
δύο
Transliteration
duo
Morphology
numeral, indeclinable or irregular
Gloss
two
Part of Speech
numeral
Definition
The numeral two.
Occurrences
520
υἱοὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
huios
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
son
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences
4805
αὐτοῦ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܗ̣ܘܐ ܒܝܘ̈ܡܝ ܕܝ̇ܢ̈ܐ. ܗ̣ܘܐ ܟܦܢܐ ܒܐܪܥܐ. ܘܐܙܠ ܓܒܪܐ ܡܢ ܒܝܬ ܠܚܡ ܕܝܗܘܕܐ ܠܡܥܡܪ ܒܐܪܥܐ ܕܡܘܐܒ. ܗ̣ܘ ܘܐܢܬܬܗ ܘܒ̈ܢܘܗܝ. ܡܛܠ ܕܥ̣ܫܢ ܟܦܢܐ ܒܐܪܥܐ

22 word entries
ܘܗ̣ܘܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
whw'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
367
ܒܝܘ̈ܡܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
16
ܕܝ̇ܢ̈ܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dyn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
177
ܗ̣ܘܐ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܗܘܐ
Transliteration
hwa
Morphology
verb, being/becoming root form
Gloss
was, became
Occurrences
1800
ܟܦܢܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
kpn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
28
ܒܐܪܥܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
b'r''
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
281
ܘܐܙܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
w'zl
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
191
ܓܒܪܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
gbr'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
622
ܡܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܡܢ
Transliteration
mn
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
5552
ܒܝܬ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܒܝܬ
Transliteration
beth
Morphology
noun, construct form
Gloss
house of
Occurrences
480
ܠܚܡ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܠܚܡ
Transliteration
lhm
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
29
ܕܝܗܘܕܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dyhwd'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
428
ܠܡܥܡܪ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
lm'mr
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
15
ܒܐܪܥܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
b'r''
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
281
ܕܡܘܐܒ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dmw'b
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
63
ܗ̣ܘ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܗܘ
Transliteration
hu
Morphology
pronoun/copula, masculine singular
Gloss
he, it, is
Occurrences
2003
ܘܐܢܬܬܗ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
w'ntth
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
3
ܘܒ̈ܢܘܗܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wbnwhy
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
110
ܡܛܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܡܛܠ
Transliteration
mtl
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
2606
ܕܥ̣ܫܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
d'shn
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
8
ܟܦܢܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
kpn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
28
ܒܐܪܥܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
b'r''
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
281
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וַהֲוָה בְּיוֹמֵי נְגִיד נְגִידַיָּא וַהֲוָה כְפַן תַּקִּיף בְּאַרְעָא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל עֲשַׂרְתֵּי כַפְנִין תַּקִּיפִין אִתְגְּזָרוּ מִן שְׁמַיָּא לְמִהְוֵי בְּעָלְמָא מִן יוֹמָא דְּאִתְבְּרִי עָלְמָא עַד דְּיֵיתֵי מַלְכָּא מְשִׁיחָא לְאוֹכָחָא בְּהוֹן דָּיְרֵי אַרְעָא כְּפַן קַדְמָאֵי בְּיוֹמֵי אָדָם כְּפַן תִּנְיָן בְּיוֹמֵי לֶמֶךְ כְּפַן תְּלִיתָאֵי בְּיוֹמֵי אַבְרָהָם כְּפַן רְבִיעָאֵי בְּיוֹמֵי יִצְחָק כְּפַן חֲמִישָׁאֵי בְּיוֹמֵי יַעֲקֹב כְּפַן שְׁתִיתָאֵי בְּיוֹמֵי בּוֹעַז דְּמִתְקְרִי אִבְצָן צַדִּיקָא דְּמִן בֵּית לֶחֶם יְהוּדָה כְּפַן שְׁבִיעָאֵי בְּיוֹמֵי דָוִד מַלְכָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל כְּפַן תְּמִינָאֵי בְּיוֹמֵי אֵלִיָּהוּ נְבִיָּא כְּפַן תְּשִׁיעָאֵי בְּיוֹמֵי אֱלִישָׁע בְּשׁוֹמְרוֹן כְּפַן עֲשִׂירָאֵי עֲתִיד לְמִהְוֵי לָא כְּפַן לְמֵיכַל לַחְמָא וְלָא צָהוּתָא לְמִשְׁתֵּי מַיָּא אֱלָהֵין לְמִשְׁמַע פִּתְגָם נְבוּאָה מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וְכַד הֲוָה כַּפְנָא הָדֵין תַּקִּיף בְּאַרְעָא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל נְפַק גַּבְרָא רַבָּא מִן בֵּית לֶחֶם יְהוּדָה וַאֲזַל לָדוּר בְּחַקְלָא דְמוֹאָב הוּא וְאִתְּתֵיהּ וּתְרֵין בְּנוֹהִי׃

117 word entries
וַהֲוָה
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
הוה
Transliteration
whwh
Morphology
prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root הוה
Gloss
and was, became, happened
Occurrences
1114
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
נְגִיד
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ngyd
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
14
נְגִידַיָּא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ngydy'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
3
וַהֲוָה
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
הוה
Transliteration
whwh
Morphology
prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root הוה
Gloss
and was, became, happened
Occurrences
1114
כְפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
תַּקִּיף
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tqyp
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
178
בְּאַרְעָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
ארע
Transliteration
b'r''
Morphology
prefixed preposition ב + noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss
in/with earth, land
Occurrences
1735
דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
dyshr'l
Morphology
prefixed relative/genitive ד + proper noun
Gloss
of/that Israel
Occurrences
2312
עֲשַׂרְתֵּי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'shrty
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
19
כַפְנִין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
kpnyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
2
תַּקִּיפִין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tqypyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
84
אִתְגְּזָרוּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'tgzrw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1
מִן
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
מן
Transliteration
mn
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
from, out of, than
Occurrences
2836
שְׁמַיָּא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
shmy'
Morphology
noun masculine plural emphatic
Gloss
heavens, sky
Occurrences
368
לְמִהְוֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
lmhwy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
206
בְּעָלְמָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
b'lm'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
549
מִן
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
מן
Transliteration
mn
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
from, out of, than
Occurrences
2836
יוֹמָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
יום
Transliteration
ywm'
Morphology
noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss
day
Occurrences
899
דְּאִתְבְּרִי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
d'tbry
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
9
עָלְמָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'lm'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
549
עַד
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
עד
Transliteration
'd
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
885
דְּיֵיתֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
dyyty
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
82
מַלְכָּא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
מלך
Transliteration
mlk'
Morphology
prefixed preposition מ + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss
from king
Occurrences
2509
מְשִׁיחָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
mshych'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
44
לְאוֹכָחָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
l'wkch'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
3
בְּהוֹן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
הון
Transliteration
bhwn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
1262
דָּיְרֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ירי
Transliteration
dyry
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
19
אַרְעָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
ארע
Transliteration
'r''
Morphology
noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss
earth, land
Occurrences
1735
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
קַדְמָאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
qdm'y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
28
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
אָדָם
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
אדם
Transliteration
'dm
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
115
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
תִּנְיָן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tnyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
14
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
לֶמֶךְ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
למך
Transliteration
lmk
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
2
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
תְּלִיתָאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tlyt'y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
5
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
אַבְרָהָם
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'brhm
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
77
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
רְבִיעָאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
rby''y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
3
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
יִצְחָק
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ytschq
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
36
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
חֲמִישָׁאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
chmysh'y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
2
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
יַעֲקֹב
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
y'qb
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
169
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
שְׁתִיתָאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
shtyt'y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
2
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
בּוֹעַז
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ועז
Transliteration
bw'z
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
22
דְּמִתְקְרִי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
dmtqry
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
13
אִבְצָן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'btsn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
5
צַדִּיקָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tsdyq'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
74
דְּמִן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
דמן
Transliteration
dmn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
252
בֵּית
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
בית
Transliteration
byt
Morphology
noun construct/absolute
Gloss
house, household
Occurrences
2611
לֶחֶם
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
לחם
Transliteration
lchm
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
79
יְהוּדָה
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
yhwdh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
745
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
שְׁבִיעָאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
shby''y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
2
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
דָוִד
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
דוד
Transliteration
dwd
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1106
מַלְכָּא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
מלך
Transliteration
mlk'
Morphology
prefixed preposition מ + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss
from king
Occurrences
2509
דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
dyshr'l
Morphology
prefixed relative/genitive ד + proper noun
Gloss
of/that Israel
Occurrences
2312
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
תְּמִינָאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tmyn'y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
אֵלִיָּהוּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'lyhw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
78
נְבִיָּא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
nby'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
422
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
תְּשִׁיעָאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tshy''y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1
בְּיוֹמֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bywmy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
214
אֱלִישָׁע
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'lysh'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
60
בְּשׁוֹמְרוֹן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bshwmrwn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
18
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
עֲשִׂירָאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'shyr'y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1
עֲתִיד
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'tyd
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
130
לְמִהְוֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
lmhwy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
206
לָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
לא
Transliteration
l'
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not
Occurrences
2611
כְּפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
כפן
Transliteration
kpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
25
לְמֵיכַל
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
lmykl
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
70
לַחְמָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
חמא
Transliteration
lchm'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
106
וְלָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ולא
Transliteration
wl'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
1587
צָהוּתָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tshwt'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
1
לְמִשְׁתֵּי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
lmshty
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
23
מַיָּא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
מיא
Transliteration
my'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
233
אֱלָהֵין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'lhyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
124
לְמִשְׁמַע
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
lmshm'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
16
פִּתְגָם
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ptgm
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
245
נְבוּאָה
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
nbw'h
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
243
מִן
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
מן
Transliteration
mn
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
from, out of, than
Occurrences
2836
קֳדָם
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
קדם
Transliteration
qdm
Morphology
prepositional or nominal form
Gloss
before, in front of, east
Occurrences
2023
יְיָ
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
yy
Morphology
divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss
the Lord
Occurrences
3908
וְכַד
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
וכד
Transliteration
wkd
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
83
הֲוָה
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
הוה
Transliteration
hwh
Morphology
verbal root הוה
Gloss
was, became, happened
Occurrences
1114
כַּפְנָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
פנא
Transliteration
kpn'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
38
הָדֵין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
hdyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
604
תַּקִּיף
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tqyp
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
178
בְּאַרְעָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
ארע
Transliteration
b'r''
Morphology
prefixed preposition ב + noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss
in/with earth, land
Occurrences
1735
דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
dyshr'l
Morphology
prefixed relative/genitive ד + proper noun
Gloss
of/that Israel
Occurrences
2312
נְפַק
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
נפק
Transliteration
npq
Morphology
verbal root נפק
Gloss
went out, came forth
Occurrences
177
גַּבְרָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
gbr'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
524
רַבָּא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
רבא
Transliteration
rb'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
305
מִן
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
מן
Transliteration
mn
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
from, out of, than
Occurrences
2836
בֵּית
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
בית
Transliteration
byt
Morphology
noun construct/absolute
Gloss
house, household
Occurrences
2611
לֶחֶם
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
לחם
Transliteration
lchm
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
79
יְהוּדָה
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
yhwdh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
745
וַאֲזַל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
אזל
Transliteration
w'zl
Morphology
prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root אזל
Gloss
and went, departed
Occurrences
220
לָדוּר
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
דור
Transliteration
ldwr
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
22
בְּחַקְלָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bchql'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
94
דְמוֹאָב
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
dmw'b
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
36
הוּא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
הוא
Transliteration
hw'
Morphology
personal/demonstrative pronoun
Gloss
he, it
Occurrences
992
וְאִתְּתֵיהּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
w'ttyh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
37
וּתְרֵין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
wtryn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
213
בְּנוֹהִי׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bnwhy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
52
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

In diebus unius judicis, quando judices præerant, facta est fames in terra. Abiitque homo de Bethlehem Juda, ut peregrinaretur in regione Moabitide cum uxore sua ac duobus liberis.

29 word entries
in
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
in
Transliteration
in
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss
in
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
in, into, among, on
Etymology
Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences
22264
diebus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
dies
Transliteration
diebus
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
2559
unius
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
unus
Transliteration
unius
Morphology
GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences
1077
iudicis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
iudex
Transliteration
iudicis
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
101
quando
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
quando
Transliteration
quando
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
289
iudices
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
iudex
Transliteration
iudices
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
101
praeerant
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
praesum
Transliteration
praeerant
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
54
facta
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
facio
Transliteration
facta
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
4719
est
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
est
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
fames
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
fames
Transliteration
fames
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
118
in
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
in
Transliteration
in
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss
in
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
in, into, among, on
Etymology
Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences
22264
terra
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
terra
Transliteration
terra
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Gloss
earth
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
earth, land, ground
Etymology
Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences
3087
abiitque
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
abeo
Transliteration
abiitque
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
404
{abiitque}
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
que
Transliteration
{abiitque}
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences
4392
homo
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
homo
Transliteration
homo
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
1653
de
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
de
Transliteration
de
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
4779
Bethleem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Bethleem
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
47
Iuda
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Iuda
Transliteration
Iuda
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
970
ut
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ut
Transliteration
ut
Morphology
GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences
4533
peregrinaretur
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
peregrinaretur
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
33
in
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
in
Transliteration
in
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss
in
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
in, into, among, on
Etymology
Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences
22264
regione
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
regio
Transliteration
regione
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
261
moabitide
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
moabitide
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
5
cum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
cum
Transliteration
cum
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
5272
uxore
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uxor
Transliteration
uxore
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
505
sua
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
suus
Transliteration
sua
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
5783
ac
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
atque
Transliteration
ac
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences
755
duobus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
duo
Transliteration
duobus
Morphology
GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences
695
liberis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
liberi
Transliteration
liberis
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
58

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Genesis 12:10

There was a famine in the land. Abram went down into Egypt to live as a foreigner there, for the famine was severe in the land.

17 relevance votes

Genesis 26:1

There was a famine in the land, in addition to the first famine that was in the days of Abraham. Isaac went to Abimelech king of the Philistines, to Gerar.

12 relevance votes

Ezekiel 14:13

“Son of man, when a land sins against me by committing a trespass, and I stretch out my hand on it, and break the staff of its bread and send famine on it, and cut off from it man and animal—

9 relevance votes

Leviticus 26:19

I will break the pride of your power, and I will make your sky like iron, and your soil like bronze.

4 relevance votes

Judges 17:8

The man departed out of the city, out of Bethlehem Judah, to live where he could find a place, and he came to the hill country of Ephraim, to the house of Micah, as he traveled.

4 relevance votes

Deuteronomy 28:38

You will carry much seed out into the field, and will gather little in, for the locust will consume it.

4 relevance votes

Genesis 43:1

The famine was severe in the land.

4 relevance votes

Amos 4:6

“I also have given you cleanness of teeth in all your cities, and lack of bread in every town; yet you haven’t returned to me,” says the LORD.

3 relevance votes

Psalms 105:16

He called for a famine on the land. He destroyed the food supplies.

3 relevance votes

Jeremiah 14:1

This is the LORD’s word that came to Jeremiah concerning the drought:

2 relevance votes

Psalms 107:34

and a fruitful land into a salt waste, for the wickedness of those who dwell in it.

2 relevance votes

Ezekiel 14:21

For the Lord GOD says: “How much more when I send my four severe judgments on Jerusalem—the sword, the famine, the evil animals, and the pestilence—to cut off from it man and animal!

2 relevance votes
Chapter 1 of 4 Verse 1 of 22