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Santa Biblia — Reina-Valera 1909

Proverbs 12

Santa Biblia — Reina-Valera 1909, Verse 26

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²⁶ El justo hace ventaja á su prójimo: mas el camino de los impíos les hace errar.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 12:26. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 51

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

יָתֵ֣ר מֵרֵעֵ֣הוּ צַדִּ֑יק וְדֶ֖רֶךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים תַּתְעֵֽם׃

6 word entries

יָתֵ֣ר

Lemma: 8446
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8446
Occurrences: 6

מֵרֵעֵ֣הוּ

Lemma: m/7453
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7453
Occurrences: 5

צַדִּ֑יק

Lemma: 6662
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H6662
Occurrences: 160

וְדֶ֖רֶךְ

Lemma: c/1870
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common both gender singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H1870
Occurrences: 23

רְשָׁעִ֣ים

Lemma: 7563
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H7563
Occurrences: 201

תַּתְעֵֽם

Lemma: 8582
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil imperfect 3rd person feminine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8582
Occurrences: 36

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐπιγνώμων δίκαιος ἑαυτοῦ φίλος ἔσται, ἁμαρτάνοντας δὲ καταδιώξεται κακὰ, ἡ δὲ ὁδὸς τῶν ἀσεβῶν πλανήσει αὐτούς.

16 word entries

Ἐπιγνώμων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐπιγνώμων
Transliteration: epignomon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

δίκαιος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δίκαιος
Transliteration: dikaios
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: righteous, just
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Righteous, just, upright.
Occurrences: 227

ἑαυτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἑαυτοῦ
Transliteration: heautou
Morphology: reflexive pronoun, genitive masculine/neuter singular
Gloss: of himself, his own
Part of Speech: reflexive pronoun
Definition: Reflexive pronoun himself, herself, itself, themselves.
Occurrences: 462

φίλος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: φίλος
Transliteration: philos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 26

ἔσται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰμί
Transliteration: estai
Morphology: verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it will be
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To be or exist.
Strong's: G1510
Occurrences: 5427

ἁμαρτάνοντας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἁμαρτάνοντας
Transliteration: amartanontas
Morphology: accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

καταδιώξεται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: καταδιώξεται
Transliteration: katadioxetai
Morphology: verb, present/future middle-passive form, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

κακὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κακός
Transliteration: kaka
Morphology: adjective/substantive, nominative/accusative neuter plural
Gloss: evil things, bad things
Part of Speech: adjective/substantive
Definition: Bad, evil, harmful, or wicked.
Occurrences: 242

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

ὁδὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁδός
Transliteration: hodos
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: way, road
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Way, road, path, journey, or manner of life.
Occurrences: 701

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀσεβῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀσεβής
Transliteration: asebon
Morphology: adjective/substantive, genitive plural
Gloss: of the ungodly
Part of Speech: adjective/substantive
Definition: Ungodly, impious, wicked.
Occurrences: 143

πλανήσει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πλανήσει
Transliteration: planesei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

αὐτούς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܙܕܝܩܐ ܡܠܟ ܡܠ̣ܟܐ ܛܒܐ ܠܪܚܡܗ ܘܐܘܪܚܗܘܢ ܕܥܘ̈ܠܐ ܬܛܥܐ ܐܢܘܢ

9 word entries

ܙܕܝܩܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܙܕܝܩܐ
Transliteration: zdyq'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 97

ܡܠܟ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܠܟ
Transliteration: malak
Morphology: noun/verb root, context-dependent
Gloss: king; reign
Occurrences: 12

ܡܠ̣ܟܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: malka
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: king
Occurrences: 1870

ܛܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܒܐ
Transliteration: tb'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 113

ܠܪܚܡܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܪܚܡܗ
Transliteration: lrhmh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

ܘܐܘܪܚܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܘܪܚܗܘܢ
Transliteration: w'wrhhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܕܥܘ̈ܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܥܘܠܐ
Transliteration: d'wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 116

ܬܛܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܛܥܐ
Transliteration: tt''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 14

ܐܢܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܢܘܢ
Transliteration: 'nwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 1636

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

טָב מִן חַבְרֵיהּ צַדִיקָא וְאָרְחֲהוֹן דְרַשִׁיעֵי מַתְעֵי לְהוֹן׃

8 word entries

טָב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טב
Transliteration: tb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 212

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

חַבְרֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חבריה
Transliteration: chbryh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 101

צַדִיקָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: צדיקא
Transliteration: tsdyq'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 74

וְאָרְחֲהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארחהון
Transliteration: w'rchhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

דְרַשִׁיעֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רשיעי
Transliteration: drshy'y
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 98

מַתְעֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תעי
Transliteration: mt'y
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 4

לְהוֹן׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הון
Transliteration: lhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1262

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Qui negligit damnum propter amicum, justus est; iter autem impiorum decipiet eos.

12 word entries

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

neglegit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: negligo
Transliteration: neglegit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 21

damnum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: damnum
Transliteration: damnum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 15

propter

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: propter
Transliteration: propter
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 688

amicum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: amicus
Transliteration: amicum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 220

iustus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iustus
Transliteration: iustus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 427

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

iter

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iter
Transliteration: iter
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 125

autem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: autem
Transliteration: autem
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5069

impiorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: impius
Transliteration: impiorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 267

decipiet

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: decipio
Transliteration: decipiet
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 75

eos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eos
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Proverbs 12

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Ranked cross references

1 John 2:26

Proverbs 17:27

Proverbs 12:13

Revelation 12:9

Revelation 13:14

Psalms 16:3