2 Maccabees
Chapter 4
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Verse 4
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English Revised Version

2 Maccabees 4

English Revised Version, Verse 4

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4 Onias, seeing the danger of the contention, and that Apollonius the son of Menestheus, the governor of Coelesyria and Phoenicia, was increasing Simon’s malice,

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Maccabees 4:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 3
Word Entries 61
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

συνορῶν ὁ Ὀνίας τὸ χαλεπὸν τῆς φιλονεικίας, καὶ Ἀπολλώνιον μαίνεσθαι, ὡς τὸν κοίλης Συρίας καὶ Φοινίκης στρατηγὸν, συναύξοντα τὴν κακίαν τοῦ Σίμωνος,

22 word entries
συνορῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
synoron
Morphology
Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss
of ... / being ...
Part of Speech
participle/noun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
3
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
Ὀνίας
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
onias
Morphology
accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
3
τὸ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
χαλεπὸν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
chalepon
Morphology
accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
τῆς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
φιλονεικίας
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
philoneikias
Morphology
accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
Ἀπολλώνιον
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
apollonion
Morphology
accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
4
μαίνεσθαι
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
mainesthai
Morphology
nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective/verb form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
ὡς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ὡς
Transliteration
hos
Morphology
comparative conjunction/adverb
Gloss
as, like, when
Part of Speech
conjunction/adverb
Definition
Comparative or temporal conjunction/adverb.
Occurrences
1899
τὸν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
κοίλης
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
koiles
Morphology
genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
Gloss
of ...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
7
Συρίας
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Syrias
Morphology
proper noun, feminine genitive singular
Gloss
of Syria
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Syria.
Occurrences
93
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
Φοινίκης
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
phoinikes
Morphology
genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
Gloss
of ...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
14
στρατηγὸν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
strategon
Morphology
accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
11
συναύξοντα
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
synayxonta
Morphology
nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
τὴν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
κακίαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
kakian
Morphology
aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss
they ... / ...
Part of Speech
verb/noun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
37
τοῦ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
Σίμωνος
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
simonos
Morphology
nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
12
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܟܕ ܚܙܐ ܗܘܐ ܗܟܝܠ ܚܘܢܝܐ ܚܣܡܐ ܕܒܝܫܬܐ ܘܠܐܦܠܢܝܣ ܪܫܐ ܘܡܕܒܪܢܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܘܕܦܘܢܝܩܐ ܟܕ ܡܫܬܝܚܢ ܘܡܥܕܪ ܘܡܘܣܦ ܥܠ ܒܝܫܬܗ ܕܣܝܡܘܢ

19 word entries
ܟܕ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܟܕ
Transliteration
kd
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
881
ܚܙܐ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܚܙܐ
Transliteration
hza
Morphology
verb root/form
Gloss
saw
Occurrences
107
ܗܘܐ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܗܘܐ
Transliteration
hwa
Morphology
verb, being/becoming root form
Gloss
was, became
Occurrences
1800
ܗܟܝܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
hkyl
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
100
ܚܘܢܝܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
hwny'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
8
ܚܣܡܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
hsm'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
4
ܕܒܝܫܬܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dbysht'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
27
ܘܠܐܦܠܢܝܣ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wl'plnys
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
1
ܪܫܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܪܫܐ
Transliteration
rsh'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
83
ܘܡܕܒܪܢܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wmdbrn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
24
ܕܣܘܪܝܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dswry'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
15
ܘܕܦܘܢܝܩܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wdpwnyq'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
11
ܟܕ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܟܕ
Transliteration
kd
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
881
ܡܫܬܝܚܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
mshtyhn
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
1
ܘܡܥܕܪ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wm'dr
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
3
ܘܡܘܣܦ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wmwsp
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
1
ܥܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܥܠ
Transliteration
'l
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
3346
ܒܝܫܬܗ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
byshth
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
13
ܕܣܝܡܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dsymwn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
2
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

considerans Onias periculum contentionis, et Apollonium insanire, utpote ducem Cœlesyriæ et Phœnicis, ad augendam malitiam Simonis ad regem se contulit,

20 word entries
considerans
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
considerans
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
111
Onias
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Onias
Transliteration
Onias
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
15
periculum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
periculum
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
31
contentionis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
contentionis
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
27
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
Apollonium
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Apollonium
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
13
insanire
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
insanio
Transliteration
insanire
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
15
utpote
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
utpote
Transliteration
utpote
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
2
ducem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
dux
Transliteration
ducem
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
245
Coelesyriae
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Coelesyriae
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
5
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
Foenicis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Foenicis
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
1
ad
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ad
Transliteration
ad
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
7531
augendam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
augeo
Transliteration
augendam
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
28
malitiam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
malitia
Transliteration
malitiam
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
113
Simonis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Simon
Transliteration
Simonis
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
204
ad
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ad
Transliteration
ad
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
7531
regem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
rex
Transliteration
regem
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
2981
se
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sui
Transliteration
se
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
1317
contulit
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
confero
Transliteration
contulit
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
26
Chapter 4 of 15 Verse 4 of 50