11 Not after, but before. And it was as a sign of this that he received the rite of circumcision – to show the righteousness due to the faith of an uncircumcised man – in order that he might be the father of all who have faith in God even when uncircumcised, so that they also may be regarded by God as righteous;
Open English Bible, US Edition
Romans 4
Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 11
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 4:11. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
102
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
καὶ σημεῖον ἔλαβε περιτομῆς, σφραγῖδα τῆς δικαιοσύνης τῆς πίστεως τῆς ἐν τῇ ἀκροβυστίᾳ· εἰς τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν πατέρα πάντων τῶν πιστευόντων δι᾿ ἀκροβυστίας, εἰς τὸ λογισθῆναι καὶ αὐτοῖς τὴν δικαιοσύνην·
30 word entries
καὶ
σημεῖον
ἔλαβε
περιτομῆς
σφραγῖδα
τῆς
δικαιοσύνης
- Lemma
- dikaiosunhv
- Transliteration
- dikaiosunhv
- Morphology
- Greek: noun genitive singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G1343
- Occurrences
- 30
τῆς
πίστεως
τῆς
ἐν
τῇ
ἀκροβυστίᾳ
- Lemma
- akrobustia
- Transliteration
- akrobustia
- Morphology
- Greek: noun dative singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G203
- Occurrences
- 15
εἰς
τὸ
εἶναι
αὐτὸν
πατέρα
πάντων
τῶν
πιστευόντων
- Lemma
- pisteuontwn
- Transliteration
- pisteuontwn
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active participle genitive plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4100
- Occurrences
- 3
δι᾿
ἀκροβυστίας
- Lemma
- akrobustiav
- Transliteration
- akrobustiav
- Morphology
- Greek: noun genitive singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G203
- Occurrences
- 2
εἰς
τὸ
λογισθῆναι
- Lemma
- logisqhnai
- Transliteration
- logisqhnai
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist passive infinitive
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G3049
- Occurrences
- 2
καὶ
αὐτοῖς
τὴν
δικαιοσύνην
- Lemma
- dikaiosunhn
- Transliteration
- dikaiosunhn
- Morphology
- Greek: noun accusative singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G1343
- Occurrences
- 35
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
καὶ σημεῖον ἔλαβεν περιτομῆς, σφραγῖδα τῆς δικαιοσύνης τῆς πίστεως τῆς ἐν τῇ ἀκροβυστίᾳ, εἰς τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν πατέρα πάντων τῶν πιστευόντων δι’ ἀκροβυστίας, εἰς τὸ λογισθῆναι αὐτοῖς δικαιοσύνην,
28 word entries
καὶ
τῆς
δικαιοσύνης
- Lemma
- δικαιοσύνη
- Morphology
- N-GSF
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G1343
- Occurrences
- 92
τῆς
τῆς
ἐν
τῇ
ἀκροβυστίᾳ,
- Lemma
- ἀκροβυστία
- Morphology
- N-DSF
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G0203
- Occurrences
- 20
τὸ
εἶναι
τῶν
ἀκροβυστίας,
- Lemma
- ἀκροβυστία
- Morphology
- N-GSF
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G0203
- Occurrences
- 20
τὸ
δικαιοσύνην,
- Lemma
- δικαιοσύνη
- Morphology
- N-ASF
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G1343
- Occurrences
- 92
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܐܬܐ ܗܘ ܓܝܪ ܫܩܠܗ ܠܓܙܘܪܬܐ ܘܚܬܡܐ ܕܟܐܢܘܬܐ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܗ ܕܒܥܘܪܠܘܬܐ ܕܢܗܘܐ ܐܒܐ ܠܟܠܗܘܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܗܝܡܢܝܢ ܡܢ ܥܘܪܠܘܬܐ ܕܬܬܚܫܒ ܐܦ ܠܗܘܢ ܠܟܐܢܘ
20 word entries
ܐܬܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܐ
- Transliteration
- etha
- Morphology
- verb root/form
- Gloss
- came
- Occurrences
- 243
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 1648
ܓܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܓܝܪ
- Transliteration
- gyr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1085
ܫܩܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܩܠܗ
- Transliteration
- shqlh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
ܠܓܙܘܪܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܓܙܘܪܬܐ
- Transliteration
- lgzwrt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܚܬܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܚܬܡܐ
- Transliteration
- whtm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܟܐܢܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܟܐܢܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dk'nwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 15
ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܗ
- Transliteration
- dhymnwth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܕܒܥܘܪܠܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܒܥܘܪܠܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- db'wrlwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܢܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- dnhw'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 60
ܐܒܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܒܐ
- Transliteration
- abba
- Morphology
- noun, emphatic singular
- Gloss
- father
- Occurrences
- 94
ܠܟܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lklhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 45
ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- 'ylyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 319
ܕܡܗܝܡܢܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܗܝܡܢܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dmhymnyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 17
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܥܘܪܠܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܘܪܠܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- 'wrlwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 10
ܕܬܬܚܫܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܬܬܚܫܒ
- Transliteration
- dtthshb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܦ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܦ
- Transliteration
- 'p
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 544
ܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 830
ܠܟܐܢܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܐܢܘ
- Transliteration
- lk'nw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 6
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et signum accepit circumcisionis, signaculum justitiæ fidei, quæ est in præputio: ut sit pater omnium credentium per præputium, ut reputetur et illis ad justitiam:
24 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
signum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- signum
- Transliteration
- signum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 219
accepit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- accipio
- Transliteration
- accepit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 632
circumcisionis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- circumcisio
- Transliteration
- circumcisionis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 38
signaculum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- signaculum
- Transliteration
- signaculum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 15
iustitiae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iustitia
- Transliteration
- iustitiae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 380
fidei
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fides
- Transliteration
- fidei
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 294
quae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
praeputio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praeputium
- Transliteration
- praeputio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 38
ut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ut
- Transliteration
- ut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4533
sit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
pater
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pater
- Transliteration
- pater
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1575
omnium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omnium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
credentium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- credo
- Transliteration
- credentium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 369
per
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- per
- Transliteration
- per
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 1915
praeputium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praeputium
- Transliteration
- praeputium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 38
ut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ut
- Transliteration
- ut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4533
reputetur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- reputo
- Transliteration
- reputetur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 66
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
illis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
iustitiam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iustitia
- Transliteration
- iustitiam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 380
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Luke 19:9
“Salvation has come to this house today,” answered Jesus, “for even this man is a son of Abraham.
9 relevance votesRomans 3:22
the divine righteousness which is bestowed, through faith in Jesus Christ, on all, without distinction, who believe in him.
9 relevance votes2 Corinthians 1:22
also set his seal on us, and gave us his Spirit in our hearts as a pledge of future blessings.
5 relevance votesHebrews 11:7
It was faith that enabled Noah, after he had received the divine warning about what could not then be foreseen, to build, in reverent obedience, an ark in which to save his family. By his faith he condemned the world, and became possessed of that righteousness which follows on faith.
5 relevance votesJohn 6:35
“I am the life-giving bread,” Jesus said to them, “whoever comes to me will never be hungry, and whoever believes in me will never thirst again.
4 relevance votesEphesians 4:30
And do not grieve God’s Holy Spirit; for it was through that Spirit that God sealed you as his, against the day of redemption.
4 relevance votesGalatians 3:7
You see, then, that those whose lives are based on faith are the sons of Abraham.
4 relevance votesPhilippians 3:9
and be found in union with him. Any righteousness that I have is not the righteousness that results from Law, but the righteousness which comes through faith in Christ – the righteousness which is derived from God and is founded on faith.
4 relevance votesGalatians 6:16
May all who rule their conduct by this principle find peace and mercy – they who are the Israel of God.
4 relevance votesEphesians 1:13
And you, too, by your union with him, after you had heard the message of the truth, the good news of your salvation – you believed in him and were sealed as his by receiving the holy Spirit, which he had promised.
4 relevance votesRomans 10:11
As the passage of scripture says – ‘No one who believes in him will have any cause for shame.’
4 relevance votesGalatians 5:5
For we, by the help of the Spirit, are eagerly waiting for the fulfillment of our hope – that we may be pronounced righteous as the result of faith.
4 relevance votes