12 The night is almost gone; the day is near. Therefore let us be done with the deeds of darkness, and arm ourselves with the weapons of light.
Open English Bible, US Edition
Romans 13
Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 12
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 13:12. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
64
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Ἡ νὺξ προέκοψεν, ἡ δὲ ἡμέρα ἤγγικεν· ἀποθώμεθα οὖν τὰ ἔργα τοῦ σκότους, καὶ ἐνδυσώμεθα τὰ ὅπλα τοῦ φωτός.
19 word entries
Ἡ
νὺξ
προέκοψεν
ἡ
δὲ
ἡμέρα
ἤγγικεν
ἀποθώμεθα
οὖν
τὰ
ἔργα
τοῦ
σκότους
καὶ
ἐνδυσώμεθα
- Lemma
- enduswmeqa
- Transliteration
- enduswmeqa
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist middle subjunctive plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1746
- Occurrences
- 1
τὰ
ὅπλα
τοῦ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
ἡ νὺξ προέκοψεν, ἡ δὲ ἡμέρα ἤγγικεν. ἀποθώμεθα οὖν τὰ ἔργα τοῦ σκότους, ἐνδυσώμεθα δὲ τὰ ὅπλα τοῦ φωτός.
19 word entries
ἡ
ἡ
τὰ
τοῦ
τὰ
τοῦ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܠܠܝܐ ܡܟܝܠ ܥܒܪ ܘܐܝܡܡܐ ܩܪܒ ܢܢܝܚ ܡܢܢ ܗܟܝܠ ܥܒܕܐ ܕܚܫܘܟܐ ܘܢܠܒܫ ܙܝܢܗ ܕܢܘܗܪܐ
13 word entries
ܠܠܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܠܝܐ
- Transliteration
- lly'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 17
ܡܟܝܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܟܝܠ
- Transliteration
- mkyl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 50
ܥܒܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܒܪ
- Transliteration
- 'br
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 30
ܘܐܝܡܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܝܡܡܐ
- Transliteration
- w'ymm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܩܪܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܪܒ
- Transliteration
- qrb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 45
ܢܢܝܚ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܢܝܚ
- Transliteration
- nnyh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܡܢܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢܢ
- Transliteration
- mnn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 29
ܗܟܝܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܟܝܠ
- Transliteration
- hkyl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 250
ܥܒܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܒܕܐ
- Transliteration
- 'bd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 132
ܕܚܫܘܟܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܫܘܟܐ
- Transliteration
- dhshwk'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܘܢܠܒܫ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܠܒܫ
- Transliteration
- wnlbsh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܙܝܢܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܙܝܢܗ
- Transliteration
- zynh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܢܘܗܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܘܗܪܐ
- Transliteration
- dnwhr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 7
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Nox præcessit, dies autem appropinquavit. Abjiciamus ergo opera tenebrarum, et induamur arma lucis.
13 word entries
nox
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nox
- Transliteration
- nox
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 345
praecessit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praecedo
- Transliteration
- praecessit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 68
dies
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dies
- Transliteration
- dies
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2559
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
adpropiavit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- approprio
- Transliteration
- adpropiavit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 18
abiciamus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- abicio
- Transliteration
- abiciamus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 56
ergo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ergo
- Transliteration
- ergo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1237
opera
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- opus
- Transliteration
- opera
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 656
tenebrarum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tenebrae
- Transliteration
- tenebrarum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 162
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
induamur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- induo
- Transliteration
- induamur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 124
arma
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- arma
- Transliteration
- arma
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 86
lucis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lux
- Transliteration
- lucis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 154
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Ephesians 5:11
Take no part in deeds of darkness, from which no good can come; on the contrary, expose them.
29 relevance votes2 Corinthians 6:7
by the message of truth, and by the power of God; by the weapons of righteousness in the right hand and in the left;
23 relevance votesJames 1:21
Therefore, get rid of all filthiness and whatever wickedness still remains, and in a humble spirit receive that message which has been planted in your hearts and is able to save your souls.
20 relevance votesRomans 13:14
No! Arm yourselves with the spirit of the Lord Jesus Christ, and spend no thought on your earthly nature, to satisfy its cravings.
17 relevance votesEphesians 4:22
For you learned with regard to your former way of living that you must cast off your old nature, which, yielding to deluding passions, grows corrupt;
17 relevance votesIsaiah 30:22
16 relevance votes1 Peter 2:1
Now that you have done with all malice, all deceitfulness, insincerity, jealous feelings, and all backbiting,
11 relevance votesSong of Solomon 2:17
10 relevance votesRevelation 1:3
Blessed is the one who reads, and blessed are they who listen to, the words of this prophecy, and lay to heart what is here written; for the time is near. Messages to the Seven Churches
9 relevance votesIsaiah 2:20
8 relevance votesRevelation 22:10
Then the angel said to me – “Do not keep secret the words of the prophecy contained in this book; for the time is near.
7 relevance votes