18 For there are many – of whom I have often told you, and now tell you even with tears – who are living in enmity to the cross of the Christ.
Open English Bible, US Edition
Philippians 3
Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 18
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Philippians 3:18. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
74
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Πολλοὶ γὰρ περιπατοῦσιν, οὓς πολλάκις ἔλεγον ὑμῖν, νῦν δὲ καὶ κλαίων λέγω, τοὺς ἐχθροὺς τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ·
18 word entries
Πολλοὶ
γὰρ
περιπατοῦσιν
- Lemma
- peripatousin
- Transliteration
- peripatousin
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4043
- Occurrences
- 7
οὓς
πολλάκις
ἔλεγον
ὑμῖν
νῦν
δὲ
καὶ
κλαίων
λέγω
τοὺς
ἐχθροὺς
τοῦ
σταυροῦ
τοῦ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
πολλοὶ γὰρ περιπατοῦσιν οὓς πολλάκις ἔλεγον ὑμῖν, νῦν δὲ καὶ κλαίων λέγω, τοὺς ἐχθροὺς τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ,
18 word entries
καὶ
τοὺς
τοῦ
τοῦ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܐܝܬ ܓܝܪ ܣܓܝܐܐ ܕܐܚܪܢܝܐܝܬ ܡܗܠܟܝܢ ܗܢܘܢ ܕܙܒܢܝܢ ܣܓܝܐܢ ܐܡܪܬ ܠܟܘܢ ܥܠܝܗܘܢ ܗܫܐ ܕܝܢ ܟܕ ܒܟܐ ܐܢܐ ܐܡܪ ܐܢܐ ܗܢܘܢ ܕܒܥܠܕܒܒܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܕܙܩܝܦܗ ܕܡܫܝܚܐ
23 word entries
ܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- 'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 330
ܓܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܓܝܪ
- Transliteration
- gyr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1085
ܣܓܝܐܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܓܝܐܐ
- Transliteration
- sgy''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 230
ܕܐܚܪܢܝܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܚܪܢܝܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- d'hrny'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܡܗܠܟܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܗܠܟܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mhlkyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 22
ܗܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- hnwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 314
ܕܙܒܢܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܙܒܢܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dzbnyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 8
ܣܓܝܐܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܓܝܐܢ
- Transliteration
- sgy'n
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 8
ܐܡܪܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܡܪܬ
- Transliteration
- 'mrt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 52
ܠܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lkwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 676
ܥܠܝܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠܝܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'lyhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 81
ܗܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܫܐ
- Transliteration
- hsh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 129
ܕܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1830
ܟܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܕ
- Transliteration
- kd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 730
ܒܟܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܟܐ
- Transliteration
- bk'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܐܢܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ena
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, first common singular
- Gloss
- I
- Occurrences
- 1361
ܐܡܪ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܡܪ
- Transliteration
- emar
- Morphology
- verb root/form
- Gloss
- said, spoke
- Occurrences
- 885
ܐܢܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ena
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, first common singular
- Gloss
- I
- Occurrences
- 1361
ܗܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- hnwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 314
ܕܒܥܠܕܒܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܒܥܠܕܒܒܐ
- Transliteration
- db'ldbb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܐܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'nwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 462
ܕܙܩܝܦܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܙܩܝܦܗ
- Transliteration
- dzqyph
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܡܫܝܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܫܝܚܐ
- Transliteration
- dmshyh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 97
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Multi enim ambulant, quos sæpe dicebam vobis (nunc autem et flens dico) inimicos crucis Christi:
15 word entries
multi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- multus
- Transliteration
- multi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 1032
enim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- enim
- Transliteration
- enim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2392
ambulant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ambulo
- Transliteration
- ambulant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 412
quos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
saepe
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- saepe
- Transliteration
- saepe
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 17
dicebam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dicebam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
vobis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uos
- Transliteration
- vobis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2958
nunc
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nunc
- Transliteration
- nunc
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 620
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
flens
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fleo
- Transliteration
- flens
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 114
dico
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dico
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
inimicos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- inimicus
- Transliteration
- inimicos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 389
crucis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- crux
- Transliteration
- crucis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 34
Christi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Christus
- Transliteration
- Christi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 541
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Ephesians 4:17
This, then, as one in union with the Lord, I implore: Do not continue to live such purposeless lives as the Gentiles live,
10 relevance votesIsaiah 8:11
9 relevance votesGalatians 6:12
The people who are trying to compel you to be circumcised are the people who wish to appear to advantage in regard to outward observances. They do it only to avoid being persecuted for the cross of Jesus, the Christ
8 relevance votesGalatians 1:7
which is really no good news at all. But then, I know that there are people who are harassing you, and who want to pervert the good news of the Christ.
4 relevance votesJeremiah 13:17
4 relevance votesGalatians 2:14
But, when I saw that they were not dealing straightforwardly with the truth of the good news, I said to Peter, before them all, “If you, who were born a Jew, adopt Gentile customs, instead of Jewish, why are you trying to compel the Gentile converts to adopt Jewish customs?” The Law and the Gospel
4 relevance votesPhilippians 1:4
always, in every prayer that I offer for you all – my prayers are full of joy –
3 relevance votes2 Peter 2:10
especially those who, following the promptings of their lower nature, indulge their polluting passions and despise all control. Audacious and self-willed, they feel no awe of the celestial beings, maligning them,
3 relevance votes1 Thessalonians 4:6
none of you overreaching or taking advantage of their fellow follower of the Lord in such matters. The Lord takes vengeance on all who do such things, as we have already warned you and solemnly declared.
3 relevance votes2 Corinthians 2:4
I wrote to you in sore trouble and distress of heart and with many tears, not to give you pain, but to let you see how intense a love I have for you.
2 relevance votesLuke 19:41
When he drew near, on seeing the city, he wept over it, and said,
2 relevance votesGalatians 2:21
I do not reject the love of God. If righteousness comes through Law, then there was no need for Christ to die!
2 relevance votes