20 And the shepherds went back, giving glory and praise to God for all that they had heard and seen. It had all happened as they had been told.
Open English Bible, US Edition
Luke 2
Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 20
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Luke 2:20. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
71
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Καὶ ἐπέστρεψαν οἱ ποιμένες, δοξάζοντες καὶ αἰνοῦντες τὸν Θεὸν ἐπὶ πᾶσιν οἷς ἤκουσαν καὶ εἶδον, καθὼς ἐλαλήθη πρὸς αὐτούς.
19 word entries
Καὶ
ἐπέστρεψαν
- Lemma
- epestreyan
- Transliteration
- epestreyan
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1994
- Occurrences
- 2
οἱ
ποιμένες
δοξάζοντες
- Lemma
- doxazontev
- Transliteration
- doxazontev
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active participle nominative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1392
- Occurrences
- 2
καὶ
αἰνοῦντες
τὸν
Θεὸν
ἐπὶ
πᾶσιν
οἷς
ἤκουσαν
καὶ
εἶδον
καθὼς
ἐλαλήθη
πρὸς
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
καὶ ὑπέστρεψαν οἱ ποιμένες, δοξάζοντες καὶ αἰνοῦντες τὸν θεὸν ἐπὶ πᾶσιν οἷς ἤκουσαν καὶ ἴδον καθὼς ἐλαλήθη πρὸς αὐτούς.
19 word entries
καὶ
οἱ
καὶ
τὸν
θεὸν
καὶ
πρὸς
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܗܦܟܘ ܪܥܘܬܐ ܗܢܘܢ ܟܕ ܡܫܒܚܝܢ ܘܡܗܠܠܝܢ ܠܐܠܗܐ ܥܠ ܟܠ ܕܚܙܘ ܘܫܡܥܘ ܐܝܟܢܐ ܕܐܬܡܠܠ ܥܡܗܘܢ
14 word entries
ܘܗܦܟܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܗܦܟܘ
- Transliteration
- whpkw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 9
ܪܥܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܥܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- r'wt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 6
ܗܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- hnwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 314
ܟܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܕ
- Transliteration
- kd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 730
ܡܫܒܚܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܒܚܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mshbhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 6
ܘܡܗܠܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܗܠܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- wmhllyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܐܠܗܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܐܠܗܐ
- Transliteration
- l'lh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 182
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠ
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 909
ܟܠ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܟܠ
- Transliteration
- kul
- Morphology
- quantifier/adjective
- Gloss
- all, every
- Occurrences
- 280
ܕܚܙܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܙܘ
- Transliteration
- dhzw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 14
ܘܫܡܥܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܫܡܥܘ
- Transliteration
- wshm'w
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 13
ܐܝܟܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟܢܐ
- Transliteration
- 'ykn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 261
ܕܐܬܡܠܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܬܡܠܠ
- Transliteration
- d'tmll
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܥܡܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܡܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'mhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 100
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et reversi sunt pastores glorificantes et laudantes Deum in omnibus quæ audierant et viderant, sicut dictum est ad illos.
19 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
reversi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- reuertor
- Transliteration
- reversi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 578
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
pastores
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pastor
- Transliteration
- pastores
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 105
glorificantes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- glorifico
- Transliteration
- glorificantes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 78
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
laudantes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- laudo
- Transliteration
- laudantes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 167
Deum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- deus
- Transliteration
- Deum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- God
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- God, deity
- Etymology
- Latin noun for God or a god.
- Occurrences
- 4889
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
omnibus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omnibus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
quae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
audierant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- audio
- Transliteration
- audierant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1534
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
viderant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uideo
- Transliteration
- viderant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1988
sicut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sicut
- Transliteration
- sicut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1559
dictum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dictum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
illos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Psalms 106:48
Blessed be the \+nd Lord\+nd*, the God of Israel, from everlasting to everlasting. And let all the people say “Amen.” Praise the \+nd Lord\+nd*.
6 relevance votesActs 11:18
On hearing this statement, they said no more, but broke out into praise of God. “So even to the Gentiles,” they exclaimed, “God has granted the repentance which leads to life!”
5 relevance votesMatthew 9:8
When the crowd saw this, they were awe-struck, and praised God for giving such power to human beings.
4 relevance votesIsaiah 29:19
4 relevance votesPsalms 107:8
Let them thank the Lord for his kindness, for his wonderful deeds for people;
3 relevance votesLuke 18:43
Instantly he recovered his sight, and began to follow Jesus, praising God. And all the people, on seeing it, gave glory to God.
3 relevance votesPsalms 107:21
Let them praise the Lord for his kindness, for his wonderful deeds for people.
3 relevance votesPsalms 107:15
Let them praise the Lord for his kindness, for his wonderful deeds for people.
3 relevance votes