1 But certain persons came down from Judea, and began to teach the Lord’s followers that, unless they were circumcised, in accordance with the custom required by Moses, they could not be saved.
Jump to another chapter in Acts
Open English Bible, US Edition
Acts 15
Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 1
Show original chapter
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Acts 15:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
77
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Καί τινες κατελθόντες ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας, ἐδίδασκον τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ὅτι Ἐὰν μὴ περιτέμνησθε τῷ ἔθει Μωϋσέως, οὐ δύνασθε σωθῆναι.
19 word entries
Καί
τινες
κατελθόντες
- Lemma
- katelqontev
- Transliteration
- katelqontev
- Morphology
- Greek: verb second aorist active participle nominative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G2718
- Occurrences
- 1
ἀπὸ
τῆς
Ἰουδαίας
ἐδίδασκον
τοὺς
ἀδελφοὺς
ὅτι
Ἐὰν
μὴ
περιτέμνησθε
- Lemma
- peritemnhsqe
- Transliteration
- peritemnhsqe
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present passive subjunctive plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4059
- Occurrences
- 2
τῷ
ἔθει
Μωϋσέως
οὐ
δύνασθε
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
Καί τινες κατελθόντες ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἐδίδασκον τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ὅτι ἐὰν μὴ περιτμηθῆτε τῷ ἔθει τῷ Μωϋσέως, οὐ δύνασθε σωθῆναι.
20 word entries
Καί
κατελθόντες
- Lemma
- κατέρχομαι
- Morphology
- V-2AAP-NPM
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G2718
- Occurrences
- 16
τῆς
τοὺς
τῷ
τῷ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܢܚܬܘ ܗܘܘ ܕܝܢ ܐܢܫܐ ܡܢ ܝܗܘܕ ܘܡܠܦܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܠܗܘܢ ܠܐܚܐ ܕܐܢ ܗܘ ܕܠܐ ܓܙܪܝܢ ܐܢܬܘܢ ܒܥܝܕܐ ܕܢܡܘܣܐ ܠܐ ܡܫܟܚܝܢ ܐܢܬܘܢ ܠܡܚܐ
21 word entries
ܢܚܬܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܚܬܘ
- Transliteration
- nhtw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 7
ܗܘܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܘ
- Transliteration
- hww
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 815
ܕܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1830
ܐܢܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܫܐ
- Transliteration
- 'nsh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 148
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܝܗܘܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܗܘܕ
- Transliteration
- yhwd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 15
ܘܡܠܦܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܠܦܝܢ
- Transliteration
- wmlpyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 7
ܗܘܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܘ
- Transliteration
- hww
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 815
ܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 830
ܠܐܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܐܚܐ
- Transliteration
- l'h'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 10
ܕܐܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܢ
- Transliteration
- d'n
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 83
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 1648
ܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 720
ܓܙܪܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܓܙܪܝܢ
- Transliteration
- gzryn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 4
ܐܢܬܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܬܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'ntwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 780
ܒܥܝܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܥܝܕܐ
- Transliteration
- b'yd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܕܢܡܘܣܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܡܘܣܐ
- Transliteration
- dnmws'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 35
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 1681
ܡܫܟܚܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܟܚܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mshkhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 55
ܐܢܬܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܬܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'ntwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 780
ܠܡܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܚܐ
- Transliteration
- lmh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 5
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et quidam descendentes de Judæa docebant fratres: Quia nisi circumcidamini secundum morem Moysi, non potestis salvari.
17 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
quidam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quidam
- Transliteration
- quidam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 306
descendentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- descendo
- Transliteration
- descendentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 385
de
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- de
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 4779
Iudaea
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iudaea
- Transliteration
- Iudaea
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 117
docebant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- doceo
- Transliteration
- docebant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 226
fratres
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- frater
- Transliteration
- fratres
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1060
quia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quia
- Transliteration
- quia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2543
nisi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nisi
- Transliteration
- nisi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 265
circumcidamini
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- circumcido
- Transliteration
- circumcidamini
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 46
secundum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- secundum
- Transliteration
- secundum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 529
morem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mos
- Transliteration
- morem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 43
Mosi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Moses
- Transliteration
- Mosi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 737
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
potestis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- possum
- Transliteration
- potestis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 881
salvi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- saluus
- Transliteration
- salvi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 169
fieri
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fio
- Transliteration
- fieri
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 449
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Galatians 5:6
If we are in union with Christ Jesus, neither is circumcision nor the omission of it anything, but faith, working through love, is everything.
17 relevance votesActs 15:5
Some of the Pharisees’ party, however, who had become believers in Christ, came forward and declared that they were bound to circumcise converts and to direct them to observe the Law of Moses.
14 relevance votesColossians 2:8
Take care that there is not someone who will carry you away by his ‘philosophy’ – a hollow sham! – following, as it does, mere human traditions, and dealing with puerile questions of this world, and not with Christ.
12 relevance votesLeviticus 12:3
10 relevance votesActs 15:24
As we had heard that some of our number had upset you by their assertions, and unsettled your minds – without instructions from us –
8 relevance votesActs 15:3
The church, therefore, sent them on their journey, and they made their way through Phoenicia and Samaria, telling the story of the conversion of the Gentiles, to the great joy of all the followers.
4 relevance votesJohn 7:22
But that is why Moses has instituted circumcision among you – not, indeed, that it began with him, but with our ancestors – and that is why you circumcise even on a Sabbath.
4 relevance votesGalatians 2:1
Fourteen years afterward I went up to Jerusalem again with Barnabas, and I took Titus also with me.
3 relevance votesActs 6:14
indeed, we have heard him declare that this Jesus of Nazareth will destroy this place, and change the customs handed down to us by Moses.”
3 relevance votesColossians 2:16
Do not, then, allow anyone to take you to task on questions of eating or drinking, or in the matter of annual or monthly or weekly festivals.
2 relevance votesActs 21:20
and, when they had heard it, they began praising God, and said to Paul: “You see, brother, that those of our people who have become believers in Christ may be numbered by tens of thousands, and they are all naturally earnest in upholding the Jewish Law.
2 relevance votesActs 15:22
It was then decided by the apostles and the elders, with the assent of the whole church, to choose some of their number, and send them to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas. Those chosen were Judas (called Barsabas) and Silas, who were leaders among the community.
1 relevance votes