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King James Version

Proverbs 16

King James Version, Verse 32

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³² He that is slow to anger is better than the mighty; and he that ruleth his spirit than he that taketh a city.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 16:32. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 56

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

ט֤וֹב אֶ֣רֶךְ אַ֭פַּיִם מִגִּבּ֑וֹר וּמֹשֵׁ֥ל בְּ֝רוּח֗וֹ מִלֹּכֵ֥ד עִֽיר׃

8 word entries

ט֤וֹב

Lemma: 2896 a
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H2896
Occurrences: 278

אֶ֣רֶךְ

Lemma: 750
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H750
Occurrences: 13

אַ֭פַּיִם

Lemma: 639
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine dual absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H639
Occurrences: 204

מִגִּבּ֑וֹר

Lemma: m/1368
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + adjective
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1368
Occurrences: 3

וּמֹשֵׁ֥ל

Lemma: c/4910
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4910
Occurrences: 16

בְּ֝רוּח֗וֹ

Lemma: b/7307
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7307
Occurrences: 22

מִלֹּכֵ֥ד

Lemma: m/3920
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3920
Occurrences: 1

עִֽיר

Lemma: 5892 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5892
Occurrences: 377

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Κρείσσων ἀνὴρ μακρόθυμος ἰσχυροῦ, ὁ δὲ κρατῶν ὀργῆς κρείσσων καταλαμβανομένου πόλιν.

11 word entries

Κρείσσων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κρείσσων
Transliteration: kreisson
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 29

ἀνὴρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀνήρ
Transliteration: aner
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: man, husband
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Man, male, husband.
Occurrences: 1573

μακρόθυμος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μακρόθυμος
Transliteration: makrothymos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 21

ἰσχυροῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἰσχυροῦ
Transliteration: ischyroy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

κρατῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κρατῶν
Transliteration: kraton
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 12

ὀργῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὀργή
Transliteration: orges
Morphology: noun, feminine genitive singular
Gloss: of anger, wrath
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Wrath, anger, or indignation.
Occurrences: 216

κρείσσων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κρείσσων
Transliteration: kreisson
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 29

καταλαμβανομένου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: καταλαμβανομένου
Transliteration: katalambanomenoy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

πόλιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πόλις
Transliteration: polis
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: city
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: City or town.
Occurrences: 1387

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܛܒ ܗܘ ܢܓܝܪ ܪܘܚܐ ܡܢ ܓܢܒܪܐ ܘܕܡܟܒܫ ܢܦܫܗ ܡܢ ܗ̇ܘ ܕܐܚܝܕ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ

12 word entries

ܛܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܒ
Transliteration: tb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 279

ܗܘ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘ
Transliteration: hu
Morphology: pronoun/copula, masculine singular
Gloss: he, it, is
Occurrences: 2003

ܢܓܝܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܓܝܪ
Transliteration: ngyr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3

ܪܘܚܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܪܘܚܐ
Transliteration: ruha
Morphology: noun, feminine emphatic singular
Gloss: spirit, wind
Occurrences: 147

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܓܢܒܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܓܢܒܪܐ
Transliteration: gnbr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 64

ܘܕܡܟܒܫ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܕܡܟܒܫ
Transliteration: wdmkbsh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܢܦܫܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܦܫܗ
Transliteration: npshh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 112

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܗ̇ܘ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘ
Transliteration: hu
Morphology: pronoun/copula, masculine singular
Gloss: he, it, is
Occurrences: 2003

ܕܐܚܝܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܚܝܕ
Transliteration: d'hyd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 10

ܡܕܝܢܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܕܝܢܬܐ
Transliteration: mdynt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 206

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

טָב נְגִיד אַפֵּי רוּחָא מִן גִבָּרָא וּדְמַכְבֵּישׁ נַפְשֵׁיהּ טָב מִן הוּא דְאָחֵד מְדִינְתָּא׃

13 word entries

טָב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טב
Transliteration: tb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 212

נְגִיד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נגיד
Transliteration: ngyd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 14

אַפֵּי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אפי
Transliteration: 'py
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 212

רוּחָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רוחא
Transliteration: rwch'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 101

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

גִבָּרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גברא
Transliteration: gbr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 524

וּדְמַכְבֵּישׁ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דמכביש
Transliteration: wdmkbysh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

נַפְשֵׁיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נפשיה
Transliteration: npshyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 106

טָב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טב
Transliteration: tb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 212

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

הוּא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: הוא
Transliteration: hw'
Morphology: personal/demonstrative pronoun
Gloss: he, it
Occurrences: 992

דְאָחֵד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אחד
Transliteration: d'chd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 32

מְדִינְתָּא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דינתא
Transliteration: mdynt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 40

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Melior est patiens viro forti, et qui dominatur animo suo expugnatore urbium.

12 word entries

melior

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bonus
Transliteration: melior
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 847

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

patiens

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: patiens
Transliteration: patiens
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 31

viro

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uir
Transliteration: viro
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1641

forte

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: forte
Transliteration: forte
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 200

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

dominatur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominor
Transliteration: dominatur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 90

animo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: animus
Transliteration: animo
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 109

suo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suo
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

expugnatore

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: expugnator
Transliteration: expugnatore
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1

urbium

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: urbs
Transliteration: urbium
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 365

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Proverbs 16

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Ranked cross references

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Proverbs 16:19