1 And it came to passe in those dayes, that there came a decree from Augustus Cesar, that all the world should be taxed.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Luke 2:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
58
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις, ἐξῆλθε δόγμα παρὰ Καίσαρος Αὐγούστου, ἀπογράφεσθαι πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην.
15 word entries
Ἐγένετο
δὲ
ἐν
ταῖς
ἡμέραις
ἐκείναις
ἐξῆλθε
δόγμα
παρὰ
Καίσαρος
Αὐγούστου
ἀπογράφεσθαι
- Lemma
- apografesqai
- Transliteration
- apografesqai
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present middle/passive infinitive
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G583
- Occurrences
- 2
πᾶσαν
τὴν
οἰκουμένην
- Lemma
- oikoumenhn
- Transliteration
- oikoumenhn
- Morphology
- Greek: noun accusative singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G3625
- Occurrences
- 8
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις ἐξῆλθεν δόγμα παρὰ Καίσαρος Αὐγούστου ἀπογράφεσθαι πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην.
15 word entries
ἐν
ταῖς
τὴν
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܗܘܐ ܕܝܢ ܒܝܘܡܬܐ ܗܢܘܢ ܘܢܦܩ ܦܘܩܕܢܐ ܡܢ ܐܓܘܣܛܘܣ ܩܣܪ ܕܢܬܟܬܒ ܟܠܗ ܥܡܐ ܕܐܘܚܕܢܗ
13 word entries
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܕܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1830
ܒܝܘܡܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܝܘܡܬܐ
- Transliteration
- bywmt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 15
ܗܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- hnwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 314
ܘܢܦܩ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܦܩ
- Transliteration
- wnpq
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 52
ܦܘܩܕܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܘܩܕܢܐ
- Transliteration
- pwqdn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 49
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܐܓܘܣܛܘܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܓܘܣܛܘܣ
- Transliteration
- 'gwstws
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܩܣܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܣܪ
- Transliteration
- qsr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 12
ܕܢܬܟܬܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܬܟܬܒ
- Transliteration
- dntktb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܟܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܠܗ
- Transliteration
- klh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 171
ܥܡܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܥܡܐ
- Transliteration
- amma
- Morphology
- noun, masculine emphatic singular
- Gloss
- people, nation
- Occurrences
- 96
ܕܐܘܚܕܢܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܘܚܕܢܗ
- Transliteration
- d'whdnh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Factum est autem in diebus illis, exiit edictum a Cæsare Augusto ut describeretur universus orbis.
15 word entries
factum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- facio
- Transliteration
- factum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 4719
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
diebus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dies
- Transliteration
- diebus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2559
illis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
exiit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- exeo
- Transliteration
- exiit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 321
edictum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- edictum
- Transliteration
- edictum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 12
a
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- a
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
Caesare
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Caesar
- Transliteration
- Caesare
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 29
Augusto
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Augustus
- Transliteration
- Augusto
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 3
ut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ut
- Transliteration
- ut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4533
describeretur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- describo
- Transliteration
- describeretur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 22
universus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uniuersus
- Transliteration
- universus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 889
orbis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- orbis
- Transliteration
- orbis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 75
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Luke 3:1
Nowe in the fifteenth yeere of the reigne of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being gouernour of Iudea, and Herod being Tetrarch of Galile, and his brother Philip Tetrarch of Iturea, and of the countrey of Trachonitis, and Lysanias the Tetrarch of Abilene,
8 relevance votesMatthew 24:14
And this Gospel of the kingdome shalbe preached through the whole world for a witnes vnto all nations, and then shall the end come.
5 relevance votesActs 25:21
But because he appealed to be reserued to the examination of Augustus, I commanded him to be kept, till I mght send him to Cesar.
2 relevance votesMatthew 22:17
Tell vs therefore, how thinkest thou? Is it lawfull to giue tribute vnto Cesar, or not?
0 relevance votesPhilippians 4:22
All the Saintes salute you, and most of all they which are of Cesars houshold.
0 relevance votesMark 16:15
And he saide vnto them, Goe ye into all the worlde, and preach the Gospel to euery creature.
0 relevance votesActs 25:11
For if I haue done wrong, or committed any thing worthie of death, I refuse not to die: but if there be none of these things whereof they accuse me, no man, to pleasure them, can deliuer me to them: I appeale vnto Caesar.
0 relevance votesRomans 1:8
First I thanke my God through Iesus Christ for you all, because your faith is published throughout the whole world.
0 relevance votesActs 11:28
And there stoode vp one of them named Agabus, and signified by the Spirit, that there should be great famine throughout all the world, which also came to passe vnder Claudius Cesar.
0 relevance votesMark 14:9
Verely I say vnto you, wheresoeuer this Gospel shall be preached throughout the whole world, this also that she hath done, shalbe spoken of in remembrance of her.
0 relevance votes