1 Better [is] the poor walking in his integrity, Than the perverse [in] his lips, who [is] a fool.
Jump to another chapter in Proverbs
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 19:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
40
Editorial Notes
1
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
טֽוֹב־רָ֭שׁ הוֹלֵ֣ךְ בְּתֻמּ֑וֹ מֵעִקֵּ֥שׁ שְׂ֝פָתָ֗יו וְה֣וּא כְסִֽיל׃
8 word entries
רָ֭שׁ
הוֹלֵ֣ךְ
בְּתֻמּ֑וֹ
מֵעִקֵּ֥שׁ
שְׂ֝פָתָ֗יו
וְה֣וּא
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܛܒ ܗܘ ܡܣܟܢܐ ܕܡܗܠܟ ܒܬܡܝܡܘܬܐ ܝܬܝܪ ܡܢ ܥܬܝܪܐ ܕܡܥܩ̈ܡܢ ܐܘܪ̈ܚܬܗ
10 word entries
ܛܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܛܒ
- Transliteration
- tb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 279
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 2003
ܡܣܟܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܣܟܢܐ
- Transliteration
- mskn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 52
ܕܡܗܠܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܗܠܟ
- Transliteration
- dmhlk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 16
ܒܬܡܝܡܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܬܡܝܡܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- btmymwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 8
ܝܬܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܬܝܪ
- Transliteration
- ytyr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 80
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5552
ܥܬܝܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܬܝܪܐ
- Transliteration
- 'tyr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 12
ܕܡܥܩ̈ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܥܩܡܢ
- Transliteration
- dm'qmn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܘܪ̈ܚܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܘܪܚܬܗ
- Transliteration
- 'wrhth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 55
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
טָב מִסְכֵּינָא דִמְהַלֵךְ בִּתְמִימוּתָא מִן הוּא דִמְעַקְמָן אָרְחָתֵיהּ וְהוּא סָכֵל׃
10 word entries
טָב
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- טב
- Transliteration
- tb
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 212
מִסְכֵּינָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סכינא
- Transliteration
- mskyn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 15
דִמְהַלֵךְ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מהלך
- Transliteration
- dmhlk
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 12
בִּתְמִימוּתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תמימותא
- Transliteration
- btmymwt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 5
מִן
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מן
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- from, out of, than
- Occurrences
- 2836
הוּא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- הוא
- Transliteration
- hw'
- Morphology
- personal/demonstrative pronoun
- Gloss
- he, it
- Occurrences
- 992
דִמְעַקְמָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מעקמן
- Transliteration
- dm'qmn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
אָרְחָתֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ארחתיה
- Transliteration
- 'rchtyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 22
וְהוּא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- הוא
- Transliteration
- whw'
- Morphology
- prefixed conjunction ו + personal/demonstrative pronoun
- Gloss
- and he, it
- Occurrences
- 992
סָכֵל׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סכל
- Transliteration
- skl
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
[Melior est pauper qui ambulat in simplicitate sua quam dives torquens labia sua, et insipiens.
12 word entries
melior
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- bonus
- Transliteration
- melior
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 847
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
pauper
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pauper
- Transliteration
- pauper
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 231
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
ambulat
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ambulo
- Transliteration
- ambulat
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 412
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
simplicitate
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- simplicitas
- Transliteration
- simplicitate
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 23
sua
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- suus
- Transliteration
- sua
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5783
quam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quam
- Transliteration
- quam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 426
torquens
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- torqueo
- Transliteration
- torquens
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 27
labia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- labia
- Transliteration
- labia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 9
insipiens
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- insipiens
- Transliteration
- insipiens
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 53
Spirit Nation Greek LXX Alignment Note
English · Greek Septuagint Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note
Coverage: Source-structure exceptions
Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.
Editorial alignment note: The Greek Septuagint tradition often follows different ordering, grouping, or book structure here. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "Better is the poor that walketh in his integrity, than he that is perverse in his lips, and is a fool." This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.
Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.
These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.
-
Greek LXX
alternate structure
This Greek source uses tradition-specific ordering or verse grouping here. The closest one-to-one panel is not currently attached for this exact reference.
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Proverbs 28:6
Better [is] the poor walking in his integrity, Than the perverse of ways who is rich.
11 relevance votesProverbs 16:8
Better [is] a little with righteousness, Than abundance of increase without justice.
6 relevance votesMatthew 16:26
for what is a man profited if he may gain the whole world, but of his life suffer loss? or what shall a man give as an exchange for his life?
5 relevance votesProverbs 19:22
The desirableness of a man [is] his kindness, And better [is] the poor than a liar.
4 relevance votesProverbs 20:7
The righteous is walking habitually in his integrity, O the happiness of his sons after him!
3 relevance votesProverbs 14:2
Whoso is walking in his uprightness is fearing Jehovah, And the perverted [in] his ways is despising Him.
3 relevance votesProverbs 15:16
Better [is] a little with the fear of Jehovah, Than much treasure, and tumult with it.
3 relevance votesIsaiah 59:3
For your hands have been polluted with blood, And your fingers with iniquity, Your lips have spoken falsehood, Your tongue perverseness doth mutter.
2 relevance votesPsalms 37:26
All the day he is gracious and lending, And his seed [is] for a blessing.
1 relevance votesProverbs 12:26
The righteous searcheth his companion, And the way of the wicked causeth them to err.
1 relevance votes1 Samuel 25:17
'And, now, know and consider what thou dost; for evil hath been determined against our lord, and against all his house, and he [is] too much a son of worthlessness to be spoken to.'
0 relevance votes1 Samuel 25:25
'Let not, I pray thee, my lord set his heart to this man of worthlessness, on Nabal, for as his name [is] so [is] he; Nabal [is] his name, and folly [is] with him; and I, thine handmaid, did not see the young men of my lord whom thou didst send;
0 relevance votes