31 A crown of beauty [are] grey hairs, In the way of righteousness it is found.
Jump to another chapter in Proverbs
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 16:31. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
33
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
עֲטֶ֣רֶת תִּפְאֶ֣רֶת שֵׂיבָ֑ה בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ צְ֝דָקָ֗ה תִּמָּצֵֽא׃
6 word entries
עֲטֶ֣רֶת
תִּפְאֶ֣רֶת
שֵׂיבָ֑ה
בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ
צְ֝דָקָ֗ה
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Στέφανος καυχήσεως γῆρας, ἐν δὲ ὁδοῖς δικαιοσύνης εὑρίσκεται.
8 word entries
Στέφανος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- στέφανος
- Transliteration
- stephanos
- Morphology
- nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 16
καυχήσεως
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- καυχήσεως
- Transliteration
- kaycheseos
- Morphology
- adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- ...ly / having ...
- Part of Speech
- adverb/participle form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
γῆρας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- γῆρας
- Transliteration
- geras
- Morphology
- accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 11
ἐν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐν
- Transliteration
- en
- Morphology
- preposition with dative
- Gloss
- in, among, with
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the dative.
- Strong's
- G1722
- Occurrences
- 13086
δὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δέ
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- postpositive conjunction/particle
- Gloss
- but, and, now
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/particle
- Definition
- Postpositive connective conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 4634
ὁδοῖς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁδός
- Transliteration
- hodois
- Morphology
- noun, feminine dative plural
- Gloss
- ways, roads
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Way, road, path, journey, or manner of life.
- Occurrences
- 701
δικαιοσύνης
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δικαιοσύνη
- Transliteration
- dikaiosyne
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- righteousness, justice
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Righteousness, justice, uprightness.
- Occurrences
- 284
εὑρίσκεται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- εὑρίσκεται
- Transliteration
- eyrisketai
- Morphology
- verb, present/future middle-passive form, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 6
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܟܠܝܠܐ ܕܬܫܒܘܚܬܐ ܣܝܒܘܬܐ ܘܒܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܙܕܝܩܘܬܐ ܡܫܬܒܚܐ
6 word entries
ܟܠܝܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܠܝܠܐ
- Transliteration
- klyl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 27
ܕܬܫܒܘܚܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܬܫܒܘܚܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dtshbwht'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 17
ܣܝܒܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܝܒܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- sybwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 4
ܘܒܐܘܪܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܐܘܪܚܐ
- Transliteration
- wb'wrh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܕܙܕܝܩܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܙܕܝܩܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dzdyqwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 26
ܡܫܬܒܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܬܒܚܐ
- Transliteration
- mshtbh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 4
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
כְּלִילָא דְשַׁבְהִירָא סֵיבוּתָא בְּאָרְחָא דְצִדְקְתָא מִשְׁתַּכְּחָא׃
6 word entries
כְּלִילָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לילא
- Transliteration
- klyl'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 23
דְשַׁבְהִירָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שבהירא
- Transliteration
- dshbhyr'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
סֵיבוּתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סיבותא
- Transliteration
- sybwt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 2
בְּאָרְחָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ארחא
- Transliteration
- b'rch'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 40
דְצִדְקְתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- צדקתא
- Transliteration
- dtsdqt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 64
מִשְׁתַּכְּחָא׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שתכחא
- Transliteration
- mshtkch'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 2
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Corona dignitatis senectus, quæ in viis justitiæ reperietur.
7 word entries
corona
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- corona
- Transliteration
- corona
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 79
dignitatis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dignitas
- Transliteration
- dignitatis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 12
senectus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- senectus
- Transliteration
- senectus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 28
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
viis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uia
- Transliteration
- viis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 853
iustitiae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iustitia
- Transliteration
- iustitiae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 380
repperietur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- reperio
- Transliteration
- repperietur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 77
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Proverbs 20:29
The beauty of young men is their strength, And the honour of old men is grey hairs.
17 relevance votesLeviticus 19:32
'At the presence of grey hairs thou dost rise up, and thou hast honoured the presence of an old man, and hast been afraid of thy God; I [am] Jehovah.
11 relevance votesProverbs 17:6
Sons' sons [are] the crown of old men, And the glory of sons [are] their fathers.
7 relevance votesPhilemon 1:9
because of the love I rather entreat, being such an one as Paul the aged, and now also a prisoner of Jesus Christ;
6 relevance votesLuke 1:6
and they were both righteous before God, going on in all the commands and righteousnesses of the Lord blameless,
6 relevance votesEcclesiastes 4:13
Better is a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king, who hath not known to be warned any more.
6 relevance votes