Jump to another chapter in Isaiah

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66

Jump to a verse in Isaiah 32

All 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

World Messianic Bible

Isaiah 32

World Messianic Bible, Verse 4

Show original chapter

⁴ The heart of the rash will understand knowledge, and the tongue of the stammerers will be ready to speak plainly.

View Study Below

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 32:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 57

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וּלְבַ֥ב נִמְהָרִ֖ים יָבִ֣ין לָדָ֑עַת וּלְשׁ֣וֹן עִלְּגִ֔ים תְּמַהֵ֖ר לְדַבֵּ֥ר צָחֽוֹת׃

9 word entries

וּלְבַ֥ב

Lemma: c/3824
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3824
Occurrences: 9

נִמְהָרִ֖ים

Lemma: 4116 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4116
Occurrences: 30

יָבִ֣ין

Lemma: 995
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H995
Occurrences: 122

לָדָ֑עַת

Lemma: l/3045
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3045
Occurrences: 49

וּלְשׁ֣וֹן

Lemma: c/3956
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common both gender singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3956
Occurrences: 20

עִלְּגִ֔ים

Lemma: 5926
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H5926
Occurrences: 1

תְּמַהֵ֖ר

Lemma: 4116 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel imperfect 3rd person feminine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4116
Occurrences: 30

לְדַבֵּ֥ר

Lemma: l/1696
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb piel infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1696
Occurrences: 56

צָחֽוֹת

Lemma: 6703
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H6703
Occurrences: 4

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἡ καρδία τῶν ἀσθενούντων προσέξει τῷ ἀκούειν, καὶ αἱ γλῶσσαι αἱ ψελλίζουσαι ταχὺ μαθήσονται λαλεῖν εἰρήνην.

17 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

καρδία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καρδία
Transliteration: kardia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: heart
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Heart, inner life, mind, or will.
Occurrences: 867

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀσθενούντων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἀσθενούντων
Transliteration: asthenoynton
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

προσέξει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: προσέξει
Transliteration: prosexei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀκούειν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀκούειν
Transliteration: akoyein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 24

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

αἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

γλῶσσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: γλῶσσαι
Transliteration: glossai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

αἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ψελλίζουσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ψελλίζουσαι
Transliteration: psellizoysai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ταχὺ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ταχὺ
Transliteration: tachy
Morphology: rare LXX source token; morphology and lexical role require manual review
Gloss: rare source form
Part of Speech: adverb/adjectival form
Definition: Final low-confidence LXX tail classification for a rare Greek, elided, numeral, or transliterated source token. Exact lexical identity and morphology require manual review.
Occurrences: 29

μαθήσονται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μαθήσονται
Transliteration: mathesontai
Morphology: verb, future middle indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they will ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

λαλεῖν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: λαλεῖν
Transliteration: lalein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 23

εἰρήνην

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰρήνη
Transliteration: eirene
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: peace
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Peace, welfare, or wholeness.
Occurrences: 265

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܠܒܐ ܕܣܟܠ ܢܣܬܟܠ ܝܕܥܬܐ ܘܠܫܢܐ ܕܠܥܓܐ ܢܣܬܪܗܒ ܠܡܡܠܠܘ ܫܠܡܐ

9 word entries

ܘܠܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܒܐ
Transliteration: wlb'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 18

ܕܣܟܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܣܟܠ
Transliteration: dskl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 4

ܢܣܬܟܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܣܬܟܠ
Transliteration: nstkl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3

ܝܕܥܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܕܥܬܐ
Transliteration: yd't'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 38

ܘܠܫܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܫܢܐ
Transliteration: wlshn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 10

ܕܠܥܓܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܠܥܓܐ
Transliteration: dl'g'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1

ܢܣܬܪܗܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܣܬܪܗܒ
Transliteration: nstrhb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3

ܠܡܡܠܠܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܡܠܠܘ
Transliteration: lmmllw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 30

ܫܠܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܠܡܐ
Transliteration: shlm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 184

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וּלְבַב מְהַרְהֲרִין יְסַבַּר לְמֵידַע וְלִישָׁנְהוֹן דַהֲוָה בְלִים יוֹחִי לְמַלָלָא בְּצַחְצְחָן׃

10 word entries

וּלְבַב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לבב
Transliteration: wlbb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 6

מְהַרְהֲרִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הרהרין
Transliteration: mhrhryn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 3

יְסַבַּר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יסבר
Transliteration: ysbr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 4

לְמֵידַע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מידע
Transliteration: lmyd'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 25

וְלִישָׁנְהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לישנהון
Transliteration: wlyshnhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 10

דַהֲוָה

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: הוה
Transliteration: dhwh
Morphology: prefixed relative/genitive ד + verbal root הוה
Gloss: of/that was, became, happened
Occurrences: 1114

בְלִים

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לים
Transliteration: blym
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

יוֹחִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יוחי
Transliteration: ywchy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 6

לְמַלָלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מללא
Transliteration: lmll'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 57

בְּצַחְצְחָן׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: צחצחן
Transliteration: btschtschn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et cor stultorum intelliget scientiam, et lingua balborum velociter loquetur et plane.

12 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

cor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cor
Transliteration: cor
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1028

stultorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: stulti
Transliteration: stultorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 17

intelleget

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: intelligo
Transliteration: intelleget
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 211

scientiam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: scientia
Transliteration: scientiam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 140

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

lingua

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lingua
Transliteration: lingua
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 219

balborum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: balbus
Transliteration: balborum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1

velociter

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uelociter
Transliteration: velociter
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 36

loquetur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: loquor
Transliteration: loquetur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1543

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

plane

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: plane
Transliteration: plane
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 3

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Previous Chapter Previous Verse

Chapter 32 of 66 Verse 4 of 20

Next Chapter Next Verse

Isaiah 32

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Isaiah 29:24

Song of Solomon 7:9

Exodus 4:11

Matthew 11:25

Matthew 16:17

Acts 4:13

Galatians 1:23

Acts 6:7