16 I, Jesus, have sent my angel to testify these things to you for the assemblies. I am the root and the offspring of David, the Bright and Morning Star.”
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Revelation 22:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
91
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Ἐγὼ Ἰησοῦς ἔπεμψα τὸν ἄγγελόν μου μαρτυρῆσαι ὑμῖν ταῦτα ἐπὶ ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις. Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ῥίζα καὶ τὸ γένος τοῦ Δαβίδ, ὁ ἀστὴρ ὁ λαμπρὸς καὶ ὀρθρινός.
27 word entries
Ἐγὼ
Ἰησοῦς
ἔπεμψα
τὸν
ἄγγελόν
μου
μαρτυρῆσαι
- Lemma
- marturhsai
- Transliteration
- marturhsai
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active infinitive
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G3140
- Occurrences
- 2
ὑμῖν
ταῦτα
ἐπὶ
ταῖς
ἐκκλησίαις
- Lemma
- ekklhsiaiv
- Transliteration
- ekklhsiaiv
- Morphology
- Greek: noun dative plural feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G1577
- Occurrences
- 18
Ἐγώ
εἰμι
ἡ
ῥίζα
καὶ
τὸ
γένος
τοῦ
Δαβίδ
ὁ
ἀστὴρ
ὁ
λαμπρὸς
καὶ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
ἐγὼ Ἰησοῦς ἔπεμψα τὸν ἄγγελόν μου μαρτυρῆσαι ὑμῖν ταῦτα ἐπὶ ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις. ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ῥίζα καὶ τὸ γένος Δαυείδ, ὁ ἀστὴρ ὁ λαμπρὸς ὁ πρωϊνός.
26 word entries
τὸν
ταῖς
εἰμι
ἡ
καὶ
τὸ
ὁ
ὁ
ὁ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܐܢܐ ܝܫܘܥ ܫܕܪܬ ܠܡܠܐܟܝ ܕܢܣܗܕ ܒܟܘܢ ܗܠܝܢ ܩܕܡ ܥܕܬܐ ܐܢܐ ܐܢܐ ܥܩܪܐ ܘܫܪܒܬܗ ܕܕܘܝܕ ܘܥܡܗ ܘܟܘܟܒ ܨܦܪܐ ܢܗܝܪܐ
18 word entries
ܐܢܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ena
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, first common singular
- Gloss
- I
- Occurrences
- 1361
ܝܫܘܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܫܘܥ
- Transliteration
- yshw'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 848
ܫܕܪܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܕܪܬ
- Transliteration
- shdrt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 10
ܠܡܠܐܟܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܠܐܟܝ
- Transliteration
- lml'ky
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܢܣܗܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܣܗܕ
- Transliteration
- dnshd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܒܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- bkwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 96
ܗܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- hlyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 451
ܩܕܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܕܡ
- Transliteration
- qdm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 192
ܥܕܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܕܬܐ
- Transliteration
- 'dt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 43
ܐܢܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ena
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, first common singular
- Gloss
- I
- Occurrences
- 1361
ܐܢܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ena
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, first common singular
- Gloss
- I
- Occurrences
- 1361
ܥܩܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܩܪܐ
- Transliteration
- 'qr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 13
ܘܫܪܒܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܫܪܒܬܗ
- Transliteration
- wshrbth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܕܘܝܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܕܘܝܕ
- Transliteration
- ddwyd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 31
ܘܥܡܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܥܡܗ
- Transliteration
- w'mh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܘܟܘܟܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܟܘܟܒ
- Transliteration
- wkwkb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܨܦܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܨܦܪܐ
- Transliteration
- spr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 12
ܢܗܝܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܗܝܪܐ
- Transliteration
- nhyr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 4
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Ego Jesus misi angelum meum testificari vobis hæc in ecclesiis. Ego sum radix, et genus David, stella splendida et matutina.
20 word entries
ego
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ego
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 6108
Iesus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iesus
- Transliteration
- Iesus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 970
misi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mitto
- Transliteration
- misi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1165
angelum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- angelus
- Transliteration
- angelum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 326
meum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- meus
- Transliteration
- meum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4586
testificari
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- testificor
- Transliteration
- testificari
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 33
vobis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uos
- Transliteration
- vobis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2958
haec
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hic
- Transliteration
- haec
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4646
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
ecclesiis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ecclesia
- Transliteration
- ecclesiis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 163
ego
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ego
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 6108
sum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
radix
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- radix
- Transliteration
- radix
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 74
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
genus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- genus
- Transliteration
- genus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 122
David
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Dauid
- Transliteration
- David
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1095
stella
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- stella
- Transliteration
- stella
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 59
splendida
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- splendidus
- Transliteration
- splendida
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 7
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
matutina
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- matutinus
- Transliteration
- matutina
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 25
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Revelation 5:5
One of the elders said to me, “Don’t weep. Behold, the Lion who is of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David, has overcome: he who opens the book and its seven seals.”
25 relevance votes2 Peter 1:19
We have the more sure word of prophecy; and you do well that you heed it as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star arises in your hearts,
21 relevance votesIsaiah 11:1
A shoot will come out of the stock of Jesse, and a branch out of his roots will bear fruit.
19 relevance votesRevelation 1:4
John, to the seven assemblies that are in Asia: Grace to you and peace from God, who is and who was and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits who are before his throne;
15 relevance votesMatthew 22:42
saying, “What do you think of the Christ? Whose son is he?” They said to him, “Of David.”
12 relevance votesRevelation 22:20
He who testifies these things says, “Yes, I am coming soon.” Amen! Yes, come, Lord Jesus!
12 relevance votesRevelation 22:6
He said to me, “These words are faithful and true. The Lord God of the spirits of the prophets sent his angel to show to his bondservants the things which must happen soon.”
10 relevance votesMatthew 2:2
“Where is he who is born King of the Jews? For we saw his star in the east, and have come to worship him.”
10 relevance votesNumbers 24:17
I see him, but not now. I see him, but not near. A star will come out of Jacob. A scepter will rise out of Israel, and shall strike through the corners of Moab, and crush all the sons of Sheth.
10 relevance votesRevelation 3:22
He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the assemblies.”
9 relevance votesRevelation 3:6
He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the assemblies.
9 relevance votesRevelation 1:1
This is the Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave him to show to his servants the things which must happen soon, which he sent and made known by his angel to his servant, John,
9 relevance votes