23 The light of a lamp will shine no more at all in you. The voice of the bridegroom and of the bride will be heard no more at all in you, for your merchants were the princes of the earth; for with your sorcery all the nations were deceived.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Revelation 18:23. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
131
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
καὶ φῶς λύχνου οὐ μὴ φανῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι, καὶ φωνὴ νυμφίου καὶ νύμφης οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· ὅτι οἱ ἔμποροί σου ἦσαν οἱ μεγιστᾶνες τῆς γῆς· ὅτι ἐν τῇ φαρμακείᾳ σου ἐπλανήθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη.
38 word entries
καὶ
φῶς
λύχνου
οὐ
μὴ
φανῇ
ἐν
σοὶ
ἔτι
καὶ
φωνὴ
νυμφίου
καὶ
νύμφης
οὐ
μὴ
ἀκουσθῇ
ἐν
σοὶ
ἔτι
ὅτι
οἱ
ἔμποροί
σου
ἦσαν
οἱ
μεγιστᾶνες
- Lemma
- megistanev
- Transliteration
- megistanev
- Morphology
- Greek: noun nominative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G3175
- Occurrences
- 2
τῆς
γῆς
ὅτι
ἐν
τῇ
φαρμακείᾳ
σου
ἐπλανήθησαν
- Lemma
- eplanhqhsan
- Transliteration
- eplanhqhsan
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist passive indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4105
- Occurrences
- 2
πάντα
τὰ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
καὶ φῶς λύχνου οὐ μὴ φάνῃ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι, καὶ φωνὴ νυμφίου καὶ νύμφης οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· ὅτι οἱ ἔμποροί σου ἦσαν οἱ μεγιστᾶνες τῆς γῆς, ὅτι ἐν τῇ φαρμακίᾳ σου ἐπλανήθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη,
38 word entries
καὶ
ἐν
καὶ
καὶ
ἐν
οἱ
ἦσαν
οἱ
μεγιστᾶνες
- Lemma
- μεγιστᾶνες
- Morphology
- N-NPM-S
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G3175
- Occurrences
- 3
τῆς
γῆς,
ἐν
τῇ
τὰ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܢܘܗܪܐ ܕܫܪܓܐ ܠܐ ܢܬܚܙܐ ܠܟܝ ܬܘܒ ܘܩܠܐ ܕܚܬܢܐ ܘܩܠܐ ܕܟܠܬܐ ܠܐ ܢܫܬܡܥ ܒܟܝ ܬܘܒ ܡܛܠ ܕܬܓܪܝܟܝ ܐܝܬ ܗܘܘ ܪܘܪܒܢܝܗ ܕܐܪܥܐ ܡܛܠ ܕܒܚܪܫܝܟܝ ܐܛܥܝܬܝ ܠܟܠܗܘܢ ܥܡܡܐ
25 word entries
ܘܢܘܗܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܘܗܪܐ
- Transliteration
- wnwhr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4
ܕܫܪܓܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܫܪܓܐ
- Transliteration
- dshrg'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 1681
ܢܬܚܙܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܬܚܙܐ
- Transliteration
- nthz'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 5
ܠܟܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܝ
- Transliteration
- lky
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 28
ܬܘܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܘܒ
- Transliteration
- twb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 138
ܘܩܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܩܠܐ
- Transliteration
- wql'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 17
ܕܚܬܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܬܢܐ
- Transliteration
- dhtn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 6
ܘܩܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܩܠܐ
- Transliteration
- wql'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 17
ܕܟܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܟܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dklt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 1681
ܢܫܬܡܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܫܬܡܥ
- Transliteration
- nshtm'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
ܒܟܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܟܝ
- Transliteration
- bky
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 6
ܬܘܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܘܒ
- Transliteration
- twb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 138
ܡܛܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܠ
- Transliteration
- mtl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 632
ܕܬܓܪܝܟܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܬܓܪܝܟܝ
- Transliteration
- dtgryky
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- 'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 330
ܗܘܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܘ
- Transliteration
- hww
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 815
ܪܘܪܒܢܝܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܘܪܒܢܝܗ
- Transliteration
- rwrbnyh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܐܪܥܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܪܥܐ
- Transliteration
- d'r''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 52
ܡܛܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܠ
- Transliteration
- mtl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 632
ܕܒܚܪܫܝܟܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܒܚܪܫܝܟܝ
- Transliteration
- dbhrshyky
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܛܥܝܬܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܛܥܝܬܝ
- Transliteration
- 't'yty
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܟܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lklhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 45
ܥܡܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܡܡܐ
- Transliteration
- 'mm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 65
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
et lux lucernæ non lucebit in te amplius: et vox sponsi et sponsæ non audietur adhuc in te: quia mercatores tui erant principes terræ, quia in veneficiis tuis erraverunt omnes gentes.
30 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
lux
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lux
- Transliteration
- lux
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 154
lucernae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lucerna
- Transliteration
- lucernae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 64
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
lucebit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- luceo
- Transliteration
- lucebit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 49
tibi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tu
- Transliteration
- tibi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4602
amplius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ample
- Transliteration
- amplius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 115
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
vox
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uox
- Transliteration
- vox
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 583
sponsi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sponsus
- Transliteration
- sponsi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 44
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
sponsae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sponsa
- Transliteration
- sponsae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 44
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
audietur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- audio
- Transliteration
- audietur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1534
adhuc
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- adhuc
- Transliteration
- adhuc
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 271
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
te
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tu
- Transliteration
- te
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4602
quia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quia
- Transliteration
- quia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2543
mercatores
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mercator
- Transliteration
- mercatores
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5
tui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tuus
- Transliteration
- tui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5615
erant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- erant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
principes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- princeps
- Transliteration
- principes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 830
terrae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- terra
- Transliteration
- terrae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- earth
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- earth, land, ground
- Etymology
- Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
- Occurrences
- 3087
quia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quia
- Transliteration
- quia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2543
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
veneficiis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ueneficium
- Transliteration
- veneficiis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5
tuis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tuus
- Transliteration
- tuis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5615
erraverunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- erro
- Transliteration
- erraverunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 73
omnes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omnes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
gentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- gens
- Transliteration
- gentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 873
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Revelation 18:3
For all the nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her sexual immorality, the kings of the earth committed sexual immorality with her, and the merchants of the earth grew rich from the abundance of her luxury.”
14 relevance votesNahum 3:4
because of the multitude of the prostitution of the alluring prostitute, the mistress of witchcraft, who sells nations through her prostitution, and families through her witchcraft.
11 relevance votesIsaiah 23:8
Who has planned this against Tyre, the giver of crowns, whose merchants are princes, whose traders are the honorable of the earth?
11 relevance votesJeremiah 7:34
Then I will cause to cease from the cities of Judah and from the streets of Jerusalem the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride; for the land will become a waste.”
9 relevance votesRevelation 22:15
Outside are the dogs, the sorcerers, the sexually immoral, the murderers, the idolaters, and everyone who loves and practices falsehood.
8 relevance votesJeremiah 16:9
For Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel says: “Behold, I will cause to cease out of this place, before your eyes and in your days, the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride.
6 relevance votesRevelation 18:9
The kings of the earth who committed sexual immorality and lived wantonly with her will weep and wail over her, when they look at the smoke of her burning,
6 relevance votesJob 21:17
“How often is it that the lamp of the wicked is put out, that their calamity comes on them, that God distributes sorrows in his anger?
6 relevance votesProverbs 24:20
for there will be no reward to the evil man. The lamp of the wicked will be snuffed out.
6 relevance votes2 Kings 9:22
When Joram saw Jehu, he said, “Is it peace, Jehu?” He answered, “What peace, so long as the prostitution of your mother Jezebel and her witchcraft abound?”
6 relevance votesRevelation 21:8
But for the cowardly, unbelieving, sinners, abominable, murderers, sexually immoral, sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars, their part is in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur, which is the second death.”
5 relevance votesRevelation 12:9
The great dragon was thrown down, the old serpent, he who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world. He was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him.
5 relevance votes