16 saying, ‘Woe, woe, the great city, she who was dressed in fine linen, purple, and scarlet, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls!
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Revelation 18:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
92
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
καὶ λέγοντες, Οὐαί, οὐαί, ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη, ἡ περιβεβλημένη βύσσινον καὶ πορφυροῦν καὶ κόκκινον, καὶ κεχρυσωμένη ἐν χρυσῷ καὶ λίθῳ τιμίῳ καὶ μαργαρίταις·
24 word entries
καὶ
λέγοντες
Οὐαί
οὐαί
ἡ
πόλις
ἡ
μεγάλη
ἡ
περιβεβλημένη
- Lemma
- peribeblhmenh
- Transliteration
- peribeblhmenh
- Morphology
- Greek: verb perfect passive participle nominative singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4016
- Occurrences
- 3
βύσσινον
καὶ
πορφυροῦν
καὶ
κόκκινον
καὶ
κεχρυσωμένη
- Lemma
- kecruswmenh
- Transliteration
- kecruswmenh
- Morphology
- Greek: verb perfect passive participle nominative singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G5558
- Occurrences
- 2
ἐν
χρυσῷ
καὶ
λίθῳ
τιμίῳ
καὶ
μαργαρίταις
- Lemma
- margaritaiv
- Transliteration
- margaritaiv
- Morphology
- Greek: noun dative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G3135
- Occurrences
- 3
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
λέγοντες· οὐαὶ οὐαί, ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη, ἡ περιβεβλημένη βύσσινον καὶ πορφυροῦν καὶ κόκκινον, καὶ κεχρυσωμένη ἐν χρυσῷ καὶ λίθῳ τιμίῳ καὶ μαργαρίτῃ, ὅτι μιᾷ ὥρᾳ ἠρημώθη ὁ τοσοῦτος πλοῦτος.
30 word entries
ἡ
ἡ
ἡ
καὶ
καὶ
καὶ
ἐν
καὶ
καὶ
μαργαρίτῃ,
- Lemma
- μαργαρίτης
- Morphology
- N-DSM
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G3135
- Occurrences
- 9
ὁ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܐܡܪܝܢ ܘܝ ܘܝ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܪܒܬܐ ܕܡܥܛܦܐ ܒܘܨܐ ܘܐܪܓܘܢܐ ܘܙܚܘܪܝܬܐ ܕܡܕܗܒܢ ܒܕܗܒܐ ܘܟܐܦܐ ܝܩܝܪܬܐ ܘܡܪܓܢܝܬܐ
14 word entries
ܘܐܡܪܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܡܪܝܢ
- Transliteration
- w'mryn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 196
ܘܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܝ
- Transliteration
- wy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 48
ܘܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܝ
- Transliteration
- wy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 48
ܡܕܝܢܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܕܝܢܬܐ
- Transliteration
- mdynt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 98
ܪܒܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܒܬܐ
- Transliteration
- rbt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 51
ܕܡܥܛܦܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܥܛܦܐ
- Transliteration
- dm'tp'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܒܘܨܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܘܨܐ
- Transliteration
- bws'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܘܐܪܓܘܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܪܓܘܢܐ
- Transliteration
- w'rgwn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܙܚܘܪܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܙܚܘܪܝܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wzhwryt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܡܕܗܒܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܕܗܒܢ
- Transliteration
- dmdhbn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܒܕܗܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܕܗܒܐ
- Transliteration
- bdhb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܘܟܐܦܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܟܐܦܐ
- Transliteration
- wk'p'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 6
ܝܩܝܪܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܩܝܪܬܐ
- Transliteration
- yqyrt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 8
ܘܡܪܓܢܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܪܓܢܝܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wmrgnyt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
et dicentes: Væ, væ civitas illa magna, quæ amicta erat bysso, et purpura, et cocco, et deaurata erat auro, et lapide pretioso, et margaritis:
24 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
dicentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dicentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
vae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uae
- Transliteration
- vae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: other
- Occurrences
- 129
vae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uae
- Transliteration
- vae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: other
- Occurrences
- 129
civitas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ciuitas
- Transliteration
- civitas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1108
illa
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illa
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
magna
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- magnus
- Transliteration
- magna
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 1017
quae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
amicta
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- amicio
- Transliteration
- amicta
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 21
erat
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- erat
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
byssino
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- byssinum
- Transliteration
- byssino
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 6
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
purpura
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- purpura
- Transliteration
- purpura
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 54
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
cocco
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- coccum
- Transliteration
- cocco
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 22
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
deaurata
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- deauro
- Transliteration
- deaurata
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 10
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
auro
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- aurum
- Transliteration
- auro
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 314
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
lapide
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lapis
- Transliteration
- lapide
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 330
pretioso
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pretiosus
- Transliteration
- pretioso
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 73
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
margaritis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- margarita
- Transliteration
- margaritis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 9
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Revelation 17:4
The woman was dressed in purple and scarlet, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having in her hand a golden cup full of abominations and the impurities of the sexual immorality of the earth.
6 relevance votesRevelation 18:19
They cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and mourning, saying, ‘Woe, woe, the great city, in which all who had their ships in the sea were made rich by reason of her great wealth!’ For she is made desolate in one hour.
3 relevance votes