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Jump to a verse in Psalms 91

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World English Bible

Psalms 91

World English Bible, Verse 2

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² I will say of Yahweh, “He is my refuge and my fortress; my God, in whom I trust.”

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 91:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 46

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

אֹמַ֗ר לַֽ֭יהוָה מַחְסִ֣י וּמְצוּדָתִ֑י אֱ֝לֹהַ֗י אֶבְטַח־בּֽוֹ׃

7 word entries

אֹמַ֗ר

Lemma: 559
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 1301

לַֽ֭יהוָה

Lemma: l/3068
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 577

מַחְסִ֣י

Lemma: 4268
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4268
Occurrences: 19

וּמְצוּדָתִ֑י

Lemma: c/4686 b
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common both gender singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4686
Occurrences: 8

אֱ֝לֹהַ֗י

Lemma: 430
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H430
Occurrences: 1993

אֶבְטַח

Lemma: 982
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H982
Occurrences: 86

בּֽוֹ

Lemma: b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 1362

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἀγαθὸν τὸ ἐξομολογεῖσθαι τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ ψάλλειν τῷ ὀνόματί σου, ὕψιστε·

11 word entries

Ἀγαθὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀγαθός
Transliteration: agathon
Morphology: adjective, accusative masculine singular or nominative/accusative neuter singular
Gloss: good
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Good, beneficial, noble, or upright.
Occurrences: 290

τὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἐξομολογεῖσθαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐξομολογεῖσθαι
Transliteration: exomologeisthai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Κυρίῳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ψάλλειν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ψάλλειν
Transliteration: psallein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὀνόματί

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὄνομα
Transliteration: onoma
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: name
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Name.
Occurrences: 908

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

ὕψιστε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὕψιστε
Transliteration: ypsiste
Morphology: vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܐܡܪ ܠܡܪܝܐ ܬܘܟܠܢܝ ܒܝܬ ܓܘܣܝ ܐܠܗܐ ܕܬܟܝܠ ܐܢܐ ܥܠܘܗܝ

9 word entries

ܐܡܪ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܡܪ
Transliteration: emar
Morphology: verb root/form
Gloss: said, spoke
Occurrences: 1127

ܠܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: lmry'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 501

ܬܘܟܠܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܘܟܠܢܝ
Transliteration: twklny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 10

ܒܝܬ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܒܝܬ
Transliteration: beth
Morphology: noun, construct form
Gloss: house of
Occurrences: 480

ܓܘܣܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܓܘܣܝ
Transliteration: gwsy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 12

ܐܠܗܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܠܗܐ
Transliteration: alaha
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: God
Occurrences: 940

ܕܬܟܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܬܟܝܠ
Transliteration: dtkyl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 10

ܐܢܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܢܐ
Transliteration: ena
Morphology: personal pronoun, first common singular
Gloss: I
Occurrences: 1289

ܥܠܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠܘܗܝ
Transliteration: 'lwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 372

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אֲמַר דָוִד אֵימַר לַיְיָ רוּחְצָנִי וּכְרַךְ תּוּקְפִי אֱלָהִי אָכְלֵי בְּמֵימְרֵיהּ׃

10 word entries

אֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: 'mr
Morphology: verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

דָוִד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דוד
Transliteration: dwd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1106

אֵימַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אימר
Transliteration: 'ymr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 29

לַיְיָ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ליי
Transliteration: lyy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 9

רוּחְצָנִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רוחצני
Transliteration: rwchtsny
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 13

וּכְרַךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כרך
Transliteration: wkrk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 28

תּוּקְפִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תוקפי
Transliteration: twqpy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 30

אֱלָהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אלהי
Transliteration: 'lhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 107

אָכְלֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אכלי
Transliteration: 'kly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 26

בְּמֵימְרֵיהּ׃

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: bmymryh
Morphology: speech root/form
Gloss: to say, saying
Occurrences: 3728

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

[Bonum est confiteri Domino, et psallere nomini tuo, Altissime:

9 word entries

bonum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bonus
Transliteration: bonum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 847

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

confiteri

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: confiteor
Transliteration: confiteri
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 165

Domino

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Domino
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

psallere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: psallo
Transliteration: psallere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 36

nomini

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nomen
Transliteration: nomini
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1130

tuo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tuo
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

Altissime

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: alte
Transliteration: Altissime
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 2

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Psalms 91

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

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