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World English Bible

Psalms 45

World English Bible, Verse 9

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⁹ Kings’ daughters are among your honorable women. At your right hand the queen stands in gold of Ophir.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 45:9. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 61

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

מֹר־וַאֲהָל֣וֹת קְ֭צִיעוֹת כָּל־בִּגְדֹתֶ֑יךָ מִֽן־הֵ֥יכְלֵי שֵׁ֝֗ן מִנִּ֥י שִׂמְּחֽוּךָ׃

10 word entries

מֹר

Lemma: 4753
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4753
Occurrences: 9

וַאֲהָל֣וֹת

Lemma: c/174
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H174
Occurrences: 2

קְ֭צִיעוֹת

Lemma: 7102
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7102
Occurrences: 1

כָּל

Lemma: 3605
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 3268

בִּגְדֹתֶ֑יךָ

Lemma: 899 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H899
Occurrences: 163

מִֽן

Lemma: 4480 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4480
Occurrences: 1059

הֵ֥יכְלֵי

Lemma: 1964
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1964
Occurrences: 31

שֵׁ֝֗ן

Lemma: 8127
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8127
Occurrences: 38

מִנִּ֥י

Lemma: 4482
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4482
Occurrences: 1

שִׂמְּחֽוּךָ

Lemma: 8055
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel perfect 3rd person common gender plural + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8055
Occurrences: 88

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Δεῦτε καὶ ἴδετε τὰ ἔργα τοῦ Κυρίου, ἃ ἔθετο τέρατα ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς·

13 word entries

Δεῦτε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δεῦτε
Transliteration: deute
Morphology: imperatival adverb/particle
Gloss: come!
Part of Speech: adverb/imperative particle
Definition: Adverbial imperative particle meaning come, come now.
Occurrences: 40

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἴδετε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁράω
Transliteration: idete
Morphology: verb, aorist active imperative, 2nd plural
Gloss: see, behold
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To see, perceive, or look at.
Occurrences: 768

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἔργα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἔργον
Transliteration: ergon
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: work, deed
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Work, deed, action, or task.
Occurrences: 527

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Κυρίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

ἃ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: ha
Morphology: relative pronoun, nominative/accusative neuter plural
Gloss: which, things that
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

ἔθετο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: τίθημι
Transliteration: etheto
Morphology: verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it placed, set
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To put, place, set.
Occurrences: 81

τέρατα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: τέρατα
Transliteration: terata
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 30

ἐπὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: epi
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

τῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

γῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γῆ
Transliteration: ges
Morphology: noun, feminine genitive singular
Gloss: of earth, of land
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Earth, ground, or land.
Strong's: G1093
Occurrences: 2962

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܡܘܪܐ ܘܩܣܝܐ ܘܐܣ̈ܛܩܛܐ ܡܒܣܡܝܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܠܒ̈ܘܫܝܟ ܡܢ ܗܝܟܠܐ ܪܝܫܝܐ ܘܡܢ ܠܘܬܝ ܚܕܝܘܟ

12 word entries

ܡܘܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܘܪܐ
Transliteration: mwr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 6

ܘܩܣܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܩܣܝܐ
Transliteration: wqsy'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܘܐܣ̈ܛܩܛܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܣܛܩܛܐ
Transliteration: w'stqt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܡܒܣܡܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܒܣܡܝܢ
Transliteration: mbsmyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 2

ܟܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: klhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 719

ܠܒ̈ܘܫܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܒܘܫܝܟ
Transliteration: lbwshyk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 4

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܗܝܟܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܝܟܠܐ
Transliteration: hykl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 49

ܪܝܫܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܝܫܝܐ
Transliteration: ryshy'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 2

ܘܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܢ
Transliteration: wmn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 827

ܠܘܬܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܘܬܝ
Transliteration: lwty
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 135

ܚܕܝܘܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܕܝܘܟ
Transliteration: hdywk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

מֵירָא דַכְיָא וְאַקְסִיל אֲלוֹאִין וּקְצִיעֲתָא מִתְגַמְרִין כָּל לְבוּשָׁיִךְ מִן הֵיכְלַיָא דִמְכַבְּשִׁין בְּשִׁין דְפִיל מֵאֲרַע מִנִי יַחְדוּנָךְ׃

16 word entries

מֵירָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ירא
Transliteration: myr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 8

דַכְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כיא
Transliteration: dky'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 13

וְאַקְסִיל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אקסיל
Transliteration: w'qsyl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

אֲלוֹאִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אלואין
Transliteration: 'lw'yn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

וּקְצִיעֲתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קציעתא
Transliteration: wqtsy't'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 2

מִתְגַמְרִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תגמרין
Transliteration: mtgmryn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

כָּל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: כל
Transliteration: kl
Morphology: collective noun/adjective
Gloss: all, every
Occurrences: 2135

לְבוּשָׁיִךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בושיך
Transliteration: lbwshyk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

הֵיכְלַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: היכליא
Transliteration: hykly'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

דִמְכַבְּשִׁין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מכבשין
Transliteration: dmkbshyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

בְּשִׁין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שין
Transliteration: bshyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 14

דְפִיל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פיל
Transliteration: dpyl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 13

מֵאֲרַע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארע
Transliteration: m'r'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1735

מִנִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מני
Transliteration: mny
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 268

יַחְדוּנָךְ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יחדונך
Transliteration: ychdwnk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Venite, et videte opera Domini, quæ posuit prodigia super terram,

10 word entries

venite

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uenio
Transliteration: venite
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 2233

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

videte

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uideo
Transliteration: videte
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1988

opera

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: opus
Transliteration: opera
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 656

Domini

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Domini
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

quae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quae
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

posuit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pono
Transliteration: posuit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 894

prodigia

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: prodigium
Transliteration: prodigia
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 24

super

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: super
Transliteration: super
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 3146

terram

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: terra
Transliteration: terram
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: earth
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: earth, land, ground
Etymology: Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences: 3087

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Psalms 45

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

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1 Kings 2:19

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Song of Solomon 7:1

John 3:29

Job 22:24

Isaiah 49:23

Psalms 45:13

Revelation 21:24

1 Kings 2:9

1 Kings 10:11