5 I acknowledged my sin to you. I didn’t hide my iniquity. I said, I will confess my transgressions to Yahweh, and you forgave the iniquity of my sin. Selah.
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Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 32:5. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
חַטָּאתִ֨י אוֹדִ֪יעֲךָ֡ וַעֲוֺ֘נִ֤י לֹֽא־כִסִּ֗יתִי אָמַ֗רְתִּי אוֹדֶ֤ה עֲלֵ֣י פְ֭שָׁעַי לַיהוָ֑ה וְאַתָּ֨ה נָ֘שָׂ֤אתָ עֲוֺ֖ן חַטָּאתִ֣י סֶֽלָה׃
חַטָּאתִ֨י
אוֹדִ֪יעֲךָ֡
וַעֲוֺ֘נִ֤י
כִסִּ֗יתִי
אָמַ֗רְתִּי
אוֹדֶ֤ה
עֲלֵ֣י
פְ֭שָׁעַי
לַיהוָ֑ה
וְאַתָּ֨ה
נָ֘שָׂ֤אתָ
עֲוֺ֖ן
חַטָּאתִ֣י
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Ἀγαπᾷ ἐγεημοσύνην καὶ κρίσιν, τοῦ ἐλέους Κυρίου πλήρης ἡ γῆ.
Ἀγαπᾷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἀγαπᾷ
- Transliteration
- agap
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἀγαπᾷ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 24
ἐγεημοσύνην
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἐγεημοσύνην
- Transliteration
- egeemosynen
- Morphology
- accusative singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
κρίσιν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κρίσις
- Transliteration
- krisis
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- judgment, justice
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Judgment, decision, justice, or legal action.
- Occurrences
- 162
τοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἐλέους
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐλέους
- Transliteration
- eleoys
- Morphology
- accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 30
Κυρίου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κύριος
- Transliteration
- kyrios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- Lord, master
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
- Occurrences
- 7934
πλήρης
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πλήρης
- Transliteration
- pleres
- Morphology
- adjective, nominative masculine/feminine singular
- Gloss
- full
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Definition
- Full, complete, or filled.
- Occurrences
- 44
ἡ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
γῆ
- Status
- Machine-aligned lexicon entry
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
- Note
- Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
- Lemma
- γῆ
- Transliteration
- ge
- Morphology
- noun
- Gloss
- earth
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Earth, ground, or land.
- Strong's
- G1093
- Occurrences
- 2962
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܚ̈ܛܗܝ ܐܘܕܥܬܟ ܘܣܟ̈ܠܘܬܝ ܠܐ ܟܣܝܬ ܡܢܟ ܐܡܪܬ ܕܐܘܕܐ ܠܡܪܝܐ ܥܠ ܣ̈ܟܠܘܬܝ ܘܐܢܬ ܫܒܩ ܐܢܬ ܠܝ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܚ̈ܛܗܝ
ܚ̈ܛܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܛܗܝ
- Transliteration
- hthy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 18
ܐܘܕܥܬܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܘܕܥܬܟ
- Transliteration
- 'wd'tk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܣܟ̈ܠܘܬܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܣܟܠܘܬܝ
- Transliteration
- wsklwty
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 2566
ܟܣܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܣܝܬ
- Transliteration
- ksyt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 6
ܡܢܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢܟ
- Transliteration
- mnk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 80
ܐܡܪܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܡܪܬ
- Transliteration
- 'mrt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 121
ܕܐܘܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܘܕܐ
- Transliteration
- d'wd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܠܡܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܪܝܐ
- Transliteration
- lmry'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 501
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠ
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3346
ܣ̈ܟܠܘܬܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܟܠܘܬܝ
- Transliteration
- sklwty
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 7
ܘܐܢܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܢܬ
- Transliteration
- w'nt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 134
ܫܒܩ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܒܩ
- Transliteration
- shbq
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 57
ܐܢܬ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܬ
- Transliteration
- ant
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, second singular
- Gloss
- you
- Occurrences
- 901
ܠܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܝ
- Transliteration
- ly
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 865
ܟܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- klhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 719
ܚ̈ܛܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܛܗܝ
- Transliteration
- hthy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 18
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
חוֹבְתִּי אוֹדְעִנָךְ וְעַוְיָתִי לָא חֲפֵית אֲמַרֵית אוֹדֵי עַל מְרוֹדַי קֳדָם יְיָ וְאַתְּ שְׁבַקְתָּא עֲוָיָת חוֹבִי לְעָלְמִין׃
חוֹבְתִּי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חובתי
- Transliteration
- chwbty
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
אוֹדְעִנָךְ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אודענך
- Transliteration
- 'wd'nk
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
וְעַוְיָתִי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עויתי
- Transliteration
- w'wyty
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 6
לָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- לא
- Transliteration
- l'
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 2611
חֲפֵית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חפית
- Transliteration
- chpyt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
אֲמַרֵית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אמרית
- Transliteration
- 'mryt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 168
אוֹדֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אודי
- Transliteration
- 'wdy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 19
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
מְרוֹדַי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רודי
- Transliteration
- mrwdy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 10
קֳדָם
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- קדם
- Transliteration
- qdm
- Morphology
- prepositional or nominal form
- Gloss
- before, in front of, east
- Occurrences
- 2023
יְיָ
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- יהוה
- Transliteration
- yy
- Morphology
- divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
- Gloss
- the Lord
- Occurrences
- 3908
וְאַתְּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ואת
- Transliteration
- w't
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 154
שְׁבַקְתָּא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שבקתא
- Transliteration
- shbqt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 6
עֲוָיָת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עוית
- Transliteration
- 'wyt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 7
חוֹבִי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חובי
- Transliteration
- chwby
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 114
לְעָלְמִין׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עלמין
- Transliteration
- l'lmyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 126
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Diligit misericordiam et judicium; misericordia Domini plena est terra.
diligit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- diligo
- Transliteration
- diligit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 338
misericordiam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- misericordia
- Transliteration
- misericordiam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 362
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
iudicium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iudicium
- Transliteration
- iudicium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 529
misericordia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- misericordia
- Transliteration
- misericordia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 362
Domini
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominus
- Transliteration
- Domini
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8181
plena
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- plenus
- Transliteration
- plena
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 185
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
terra
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- terra
- Transliteration
- terra
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- earth
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- earth, land, ground
- Etymology
- Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
- Occurrences
- 3087
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Proverbs 28:13
He who conceals his sins doesn’t prosper, but whoever confesses and renounces them finds mercy.
22 relevance votes2 Samuel 12:13
David said to Nathan, “I have sinned against Yahweh.” Nathan said to David, “Yahweh also has put away your sin. You will not die.
19 relevance votesPsalms 38:18
For I will declare my iniquity. I will be sorry for my sin.
17 relevance votesIsaiah 65:24
It will happen that before they call, I will answer; and while they are yet speaking, I will hear.
13 relevance votesPsalms 30:5
For his anger is but for a moment. His favor is for a lifetime. Weeping may stay for the night, but joy comes in the morning.
13 relevance votesPsalms 103:12
As far as the east is from the west, so far has he removed our transgressions from us.
12 relevance votesHosea 6:1
“Come! Let’s return to Yahweh; for he has torn us to pieces, and he will heal us; he has injured us, and he will bind up our wounds.
12 relevance votesLuke 7:47
Therefore I tell you, her sins, which are many, are forgiven, for she loved much. But one to whom little is forgiven, loves little.”
10 relevance votesJob 33:27
He sings before men, and says, ‘I have sinned, and perverted that which was right, and it didn’t profit me.
10 relevance votes2 Samuel 24:10
David’s heart struck him after he had counted the people. David said to Yahweh, “I have sinned greatly in that which I have done. But now, Yahweh, put away, I beg you, the iniquity of your servant; for I have done very foolishly.”
10 relevance votesEphesians 4:32
And be kind to one another, tender hearted, forgiving each other, just as God also in Christ forgave you.
8 relevance votesPsalms 86:15
But you, Lord, are a merciful and gracious God, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness and truth.
8 relevance votes