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Jump to a verse in Psalms 19

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World English Bible

Psalms 19

World English Bible, Verse 4

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⁴ Their voice has gone out through all the earth, their words to the end of the world. In them he has set a tent for the sun,

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 19:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 45

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

אֵֽין־אֹ֭מֶר וְאֵ֣ין דְּבָרִ֑ים בְּ֝לִ֗י נִשְׁמָ֥ע קוֹלָֽם׃

7 word entries

אֵֽין

Lemma: 369
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H369
Occurrences: 460

אֹ֭מֶר

Lemma: 562
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H562
Occurrences: 6

וְאֵ֣ין

Lemma: c/369
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H369
Occurrences: 265

דְּבָרִ֑ים

Lemma: 1697
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1697
Occurrences: 866

בְּ֝לִ֗י

Lemma: 1097
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H1097
Occurrences: 24

נִשְׁמָ֥ע

Lemma: 8085
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8085
Occurrences: 784

קוֹלָֽם

Lemma: 6963 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6963
Occurrences: 260

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Μνησθείη πάσης θυσίας σου, καὶ τὸ ὁλοκαύτωμά σου πιανάτω· διάψαλμα.

10 word entries

Μνησθείη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: μνησθείη
Transliteration: mnestheie
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

πάσης

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

θυσίας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θυσία
Transliteration: thysia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: sacrifice, offering
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Sacrifice, offering, or sacrificial act.
Occurrences: 313

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

τὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὁλοκαύτωμά

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὁλοκαύτωμά
Transliteration: olokaytoma
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

πιανάτω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: πιανάτω
Transliteration: pianato
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

διάψαλμα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: διάψαλμα
Transliteration: diapsalma
Morphology: noun/liturgical marker, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: interlude, psalm pause
Part of Speech: noun/liturgical marker
Definition: Psalmic/liturgical marker, often corresponding to Selah.
Occurrences: 74

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܠܝܬ ܡܐܡܪܐ ܐܦ ܠܐ ܡ̈ܠܐ ܕܠܐ ܢܫܬܡܥ ܒܩܠܗܘܢ

8 word entries

ܠܝܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LJT
Morphology: L(>-(>JT(J/
Occurrences: 0

ܡܐܡܪܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: M>MR>
Morphology: M>MR/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܐܦ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >P
Morphology: >P
Occurrences: 0

ܠܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: L>
Morphology: L>
Occurrences: 0

ܡ̈ܠܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: M"L>
Morphology: ML(>/(J~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܠܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DL>
Morphology: D-L>
Occurrences: 0

ܢܫܬܡܥ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: NCTM<
Morphology: !N!@(>(T&C@(C&TM<[
Occurrences: 0

ܒܩܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BQLHWN
Morphology: B-QL/-HWN
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

לֵית מֵימַר דְתוּרְעַמְתָּא וְלֵית מִלֵי דְשִׁגוּשָׁא דְלָא מִשְׁתְּמַע קָלְהוֹן׃

9 word entries

לֵית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לית
Transliteration: lyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 629

מֵימַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: mymr
Morphology: prefixed preposition מ + speech root/form
Gloss: from to say, saying
Occurrences: 3728

דְתוּרְעַמְתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תורעמתא
Transliteration: dtwr'mt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

וְלֵית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לית
Transliteration: wlyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 629

מִלֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מלי
Transliteration: mly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 102

דְשִׁגוּשָׁא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שגושא
Transliteration: dshgwsh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 6

דְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דלא
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 607

מִשְׁתְּמַע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שתמע
Transliteration: mshtm'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 6

קָלְהוֹן׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קלהון
Transliteration: qlhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 25

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Memor sit omnis sacrificii tui, et holocaustum tuum pingue fiat.

11 word entries

memor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: memor
Transliteration: memor
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 66

sit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

omnis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omnis
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

sacrificii

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sacrificium
Transliteration: sacrificii
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 219

tui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

holocaustum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: holocaustum
Transliteration: holocaustum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 222

tuum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tuum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

pingue

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pinguis
Transliteration: pingue
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 42

fiat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: fio
Transliteration: fiat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 449

diapsalma

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: diapsalma
Transliteration: diapsalma
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 61

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Psalms 19

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Romans 10:18

Malachi 4:2

Psalms 98:3

Psalms 104:2

Isaiah 49:6