18 When she lifts up herself on high, she scorns the horse and his rider.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Job 39:18. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
44
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
כָּ֭עֵת בַּמָּר֣וֹם תַּמְרִ֑יא תִּֽשְׂחַ֥ק לַ֝סּ֗וּס וּלְרֹֽכְבֽוֹ׃
6 word entries
כָּ֭עֵת
בַּמָּר֣וֹם
תַּמְרִ֑יא
תִּֽשְׂחַ֥ק
לַ֝סּ֗וּס
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Κατὰ καιρὸν ἐν ὕψει ὑψώσει, καταγελάσεται ἵππου, καὶ τοῦ ἐπιβάτου αὐτοῦ.
11 word entries
Κατὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κατά
- Transliteration
- kata
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- according to, against, down
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of κατά.
- Occurrences
- 1973
καιρὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καιρός
- Transliteration
- kairon
- Morphology
- noun, masculine accusative singular
- Gloss
- time, season
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Time, season, or appointed moment.
- Occurrences
- 329
ἐν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐν
- Transliteration
- en
- Morphology
- preposition with dative
- Gloss
- in, among, with
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the dative.
- Strong's
- G1722
- Occurrences
- 13086
ὕψει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ὕψει
- Transliteration
- ypsei
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 6
ὑψώσει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ὑψώσει
- Transliteration
- ypsosei
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 9
καταγελάσεται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- καταγελάσεται
- Transliteration
- katagelasetai
- Morphology
- verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it will ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
ἵππου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἵππου
- Transliteration
- ippoy
- Morphology
- genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
- Gloss
- of ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/pronoun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 14
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
τοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἐπιβάτου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἐπιβάτου
- Transliteration
- epibatoy
- Morphology
- genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
- Gloss
- of ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/pronoun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
αὐτοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܒܡܪܘܡܐ ܬܬܪܝܡ ܐܝܟ ܕܩܠܐ ܬܓܚܟ ܥܠ ܣܘܣܝܐ ܘܥܠ ܪܟܒܗ
9 word entries
ܒܡܪܘܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܡܪܘܡܐ
- Transliteration
- bmrwm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 7
ܬܬܪܝܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܬܪܝܡ
- Transliteration
- ttrym
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 8
ܐܝܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟ
- Transliteration
- 'yk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2051
ܕܩܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܩܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dql'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 15
ܬܓܚܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܓܚܟ
- Transliteration
- tghk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠ
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3346
ܣܘܣܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܘܣܝܐ
- Transliteration
- swsy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 14
ܘܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܥܠ
- Transliteration
- w'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 687
ܪܟܒܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܟܒܗ
- Transliteration
- rkbh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
כְּעִדָן בַּמְרוֹמָא טָיְסָא מְגַחֲכָא לְסוּסָא וּלְרָכְבֵיהּ׃
6 word entries
כְּעִדָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עדן
- Transliteration
- k'dn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 254
בַּמְרוֹמָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מרומא
- Transliteration
- bmrwm'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 9
טָיְסָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- טיסא
- Transliteration
- tys'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
מְגַחֲכָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גחכא
- Transliteration
- mgchk'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 2
לְסוּסָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סוסא
- Transliteration
- lsws'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 10
וּלְרָכְבֵיהּ׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לרכביה
- Transliteration
- wlrkbyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Cum tempus fuerit, in altum alas erigit: deridet equum et ascensorem ejus.
12 word entries
cum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cum
- Transliteration
- cum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5272
tempus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tempus
- Transliteration
- tempus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 761
fuerit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- fuerit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
altum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- altum
- Transliteration
- altum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5
alas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ala
- Transliteration
- alas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 64
erigit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- erigo
- Transliteration
- erigit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 72
deridet
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- derideo
- Transliteration
- deridet
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 24
equitem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- eques
- Transliteration
- equitem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 96
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
ascensorem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ascensor
- Transliteration
- ascensorem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 19
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Job 5:22
You will laugh at destruction and famine, neither will you be afraid of the animals of the earth.
2 relevance votesJob 39:22
He mocks at fear, and is not dismayed, neither does he turn back from the sword.
2 relevance votesJob 41:29
Clubs are counted as stubble. He laughs at the rushing of the javelin.
2 relevance votesJob 39:7
He scorns the tumult of the city, neither does he hear the shouting of the driver.
2 relevance votes2 Kings 19:21
This is the word that Yahweh has spoken concerning him: ‘The virgin daughter of Zion has despised you and ridiculed you. The daughter of Jerusalem has shaken her head at you.
2 relevance votes