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World English Bible

Job 16

World English Bible, Verse 9

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⁹ He has torn me in his wrath and persecuted me. He has gnashed on me with his teeth. My adversary sharpens his eyes on me.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Job 16:9. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 63

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

אַפּ֤וֹ טָרַ֨ף ׀ וַֽיִּשְׂטְמֵ֗נִי חָרַ֣ק עָלַ֣י בְּשִׁנָּ֑יו צָרִ֓י ׀ יִלְט֖וֹשׁ עֵינָ֣יו לִֽי׃

10 word entries

אַפּ֤וֹ

Lemma: 639
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H639
Occurrences: 204

טָרַ֨ף

Lemma: 2963
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2963
Occurrences: 19

וַֽיִּשְׂטְמֵ֗נִי

Lemma: c/7852
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7852
Occurrences: 3

חָרַ֣ק

Lemma: 2786
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2786
Occurrences: 3

עָלַ֣י

Lemma: 5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 4903

בְּשִׁנָּ֑יו

Lemma: b/8127
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8127
Occurrences: 4

צָרִ֓י

Lemma: 6862 c
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6862
Occurrences: 53

יִלְט֖וֹשׁ

Lemma: 3913
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3913
Occurrences: 4

עֵינָ֣יו

Lemma: 5869 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5869
Occurrences: 350

לִֽי

Lemma: l
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 4413

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ὀργῇ χρησάμενος κατέβαλέ με, ἔβρυξεν ἐπʼ ἐμὲ τοὺς ὀδόντας, βέλη πειρατῶν αὐτοῦ ἐπʼ ἐμοὶ ἔπεσαν.

15 word entries

Ὀργῇ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὀργή
Transliteration: orge
Morphology: noun, feminine dative singular
Gloss: anger, wrath
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Wrath, anger, or indignation.
Occurrences: 216

χρησάμενος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: χρησάμενος
Transliteration: chresamenos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

κατέβαλέ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κατέβαλέ
Transliteration: katebale
Morphology: verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

με

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

ἔβρυξεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἔβρυξεν
Transliteration: ebryxen
Morphology: verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἐπʼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: ep
Morphology: preposition, elided form
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

ἐμὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

τοὺς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὀδόντας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὀδόντας
Transliteration: odontas
Morphology: accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 12

βέλη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: βέλη
Transliteration: bele
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 20

πειρατῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: πειρατῶν
Transliteration: peiraton
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἐπʼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: ep
Morphology: preposition, elided form
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

ἐμοὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

ἔπεσαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἔπεσαν
Transliteration: epesan
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 21

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܪܘܓܙܗ ܬܒܪܢܝ ܘܦܫܚܢܝ ܘܚ̇ܪܩ ܥܠܝ ܫܢ̈ܘܗܝ ܒ̈ܥܠܕܒܒܝ ܚ̇ܒܪܘ ܥܝ̈ܢܝܗܘܢ ܥܠܝ

10 word entries

ܪܘܓܙܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܘܓܙܗ
Transliteration: rwgzh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 61

ܬܒܪܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܒܪܢܝ
Transliteration: tbrny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2

ܘܦܫܚܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܦܫܚܢܝ
Transliteration: wpshhny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܘܚ̇ܪܩ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܚܪܩ
Transliteration: whrq
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܥܠܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠܝ
Transliteration: 'ly
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 218

ܫܢ̈ܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܢܘܗܝ
Transliteration: shnwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 8

ܒ̈ܥܠܕܒܒܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܥܠܕܒܒܝ
Transliteration: b'ldbby
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 41

ܚ̇ܒܪܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܒܪܘ
Transliteration: hbrw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܥܝ̈ܢܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܝܢܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: 'ynyhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 22

ܥܠܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠܝ
Transliteration: 'ly
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 218

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

רוּגְזֵיהּ תְּבַר וּנְטַר לִי דְבָבוּ עֲסַי עֲלַי בְּכַכּוֹי מְעִיקַי הֵיךְ אִזְמֵל חָרִיף עַיְנוֹי לִי׃

14 word entries

רוּגְזֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רוגזיה
Transliteration: rwgzyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 72

תְּבַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תבר
Transliteration: tbr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 70

וּנְטַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נטר
Transliteration: wntr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 55

לִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לי
Transliteration: ly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 595

דְבָבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בבו
Transliteration: dbbw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 6

עֲסַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עסי
Transliteration: 'sy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

עֲלַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלי
Transliteration: 'ly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 440

בְּכַכּוֹי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ככוי
Transliteration: bkkwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

מְעִיקַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עיקי
Transliteration: m'yqy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 15

הֵיךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: היך
Transliteration: hyk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 459

אִזְמֵל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אזמל
Transliteration: 'zml
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

חָרִיף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חריף
Transliteration: chryp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 3

עַיְנוֹי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עינוי
Transliteration: 'ynwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 39

לִי׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לי
Transliteration: ly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 595

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Rugæ meæ testimonium dicunt contra me, et suscitatur falsiloquus adversus faciem meam, contradicens mihi.

14 word entries

rugae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ruga
Transliteration: rugae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2

meae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meae
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

testimonium

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: testimonium
Transliteration: testimonium
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 298

dicunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dico
Transliteration: dicunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6477

contra

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: contra
Transliteration: contra
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 895

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: me
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

suscitatur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suscito
Transliteration: suscitatur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 163

falsiloquus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: falsiloquus
Transliteration: falsiloquus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 1

adversus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aduersus
Transliteration: adversus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 428

faciem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: facies
Transliteration: faciem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 793

meam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

contradicens

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: contradico
Transliteration: contradicens
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 37

mihi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: mihi
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Job 16

Source Text Study

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