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World English Bible

Job 16

World English Bible, Verse 10

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¹⁰ They have gaped on me with their mouth. They have struck me on the cheek reproachfully. They gather themselves together against me.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Job 16:10. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 64

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

פָּעֲר֬וּ עָלַ֨י ׀ בְּפִיהֶ֗ם בְּ֭חֶרְפָּה הִכּ֣וּ לְחָיָ֑י יַ֝֗חַד עָלַ֥י יִתְמַלָּאֽוּן׃

9 word entries

פָּעֲר֬וּ

Lemma: 6473
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6473
Occurrences: 3

עָלַ֨י

Lemma: 5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 4903

בְּפִיהֶ֗ם

Lemma: b/6310
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6310
Occurrences: 73

בְּ֭חֶרְפָּה

Lemma: b/2781
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H2781
Occurrences: 2

הִכּ֣וּ

Lemma: 5221
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5221
Occurrences: 188

לְחָיָ֑י

Lemma: 3895
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3895
Occurrences: 10

יַ֝֗חַד

Lemma: 3162 a
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3162
Occurrences: 42

עָלַ֥י

Lemma: 5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 4903

יִתְמַלָּאֽוּן

Lemma: 4390
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4390
Occurrences: 162

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἀκίσιν ὀφθαλμῶν ἐνήλατο, ὀξεῖ ἔπαισέ με εἰς τὰ γόνατα, ὁμοθυμαδὸν δὲ κατέδραμον ἐπʼ ἐμοί.

14 word entries

Ἀκίσιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἀκίσιν
Transliteration: akisin
Morphology: dative plural noun pattern or 3rd plural verb ending depending on context
Gloss: to/for ... / they ...
Part of Speech: noun/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ὀφθαλμῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὀφθαλμός
Transliteration: ophthalmon
Morphology: noun, masculine genitive plural
Gloss: of eyes
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Eye; by extension sight or perception.
Occurrences: 553

ἐνήλατο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐνήλατο
Transliteration: enelato
Morphology: verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ὀξεῖ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ὀξεῖ
Transliteration: oxei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἔπαισέ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἔπαισέ
Transliteration: epaise
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern with final accent
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

με

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

γόνατα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: γόνατα
Transliteration: gonata
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 18

ὁμοθυμαδὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ὁμοθυμαδὸν
Transliteration: omothymadon
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ὁμοθυμαδὸν
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 31

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

κατέδραμον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κατέδραμον
Transliteration: katedramon
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἐπʼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: ep
Morphology: preposition, elided form
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

ἐμοί

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܥܠܝ ܦܬܚܘ ܦܘܡܗܘܢ ܒܚܣܕܐ ܘܡܚܘ ܦܟ̈ܝ ܐܟܚܕܐ ܘܚܡܬܐ ܡܬܡܠܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܥܠܝ

11 word entries

ܘܥܠܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܥܠܝ
Transliteration: w'ly
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 16

ܦܬܚܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܦܬܚܘ
Transliteration: pthw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 10

ܦܘܡܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܦܘܡܗܘܢ
Transliteration: pwmhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 17

ܒܚܣܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܚܣܕܐ
Transliteration: bhsd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 1

ܘܡܚܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܚܘ
Transliteration: wmhw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 8

ܦܟ̈ܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܦܟܝ
Transliteration: pky
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܐܟܚܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܟܚܕܐ
Transliteration: 'khd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 148

ܘܚܡܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܚܡܬܐ
Transliteration: whmt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

ܡܬܡܠܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܬܡܠܝܢ
Transliteration: mtmlyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 3

ܗܘܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܘܘ
Transliteration: hww
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1064

ܥܠܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠܝ
Transliteration: 'ly
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 218

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

פָּתְחִין עֲלַי פּוּמְהוֹן בְּחִסוּדָא מְהוּ לִיסָתִי כַּחֲדָא עֲלַי בְּנָסָא מִתְמַלְאִין׃

10 word entries

פָּתְחִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פתחין
Transliteration: ptchyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

עֲלַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלי
Transliteration: 'ly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 440

פּוּמְהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פומהון
Transliteration: pwmhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 53

בְּחִסוּדָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חסודא
Transliteration: bchswd'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 7

מְהוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מהו
Transliteration: mhw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

לִיסָתִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יסתי
Transliteration: lysty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

כַּחֲדָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חדא
Transliteration: kchd'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 562

עֲלַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלי
Transliteration: 'ly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 440

בְּנָסָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נסא
Transliteration: bns'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 17

מִתְמַלְאִין׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תמלאין
Transliteration: mtml'yn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Collegit furorem suum in me, et comminans mihi, infremuit contra me dentibus suis: hostis meus terribilibus oculis me intuitus est.

20 word entries

collegit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: colligo
Transliteration: collegit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 123

furorem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: furor
Transliteration: furorem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 233

suum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: me
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

comminans

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: comminor
Transliteration: comminans
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 19

mihi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: mihi
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

infremuit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: infremo
Transliteration: infremuit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1

contra

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: contra
Transliteration: contra
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 895

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: me
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

dentibus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dens
Transliteration: dentibus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 59

suis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suis
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

hostis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: hostis
Transliteration: hostis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 125

meus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meus
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

terribilibus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: terribilis
Transliteration: terribilibus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 43

oculis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: oculus
Transliteration: oculis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 682

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: me
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

intuitus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: intueor
Transliteration: intuitus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 53

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Job 16

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