23 So the Scripture was fulfilled which says, “Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him as righteousness,” and he was called the friend of God.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to James 2:23. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
71
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Καὶ ἐπληρώθη ἡ γραφὴ ἡ λέγουσα, Ἐπίστευσε δὲ Ἀβραὰμ τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην, καὶ φίλος Θεοῦ ἐκλήθη.
20 word entries
Καὶ
ἐπληρώθη
ἡ
γραφὴ
ἡ
λέγουσα
Ἐπίστευσε
- Lemma
- episteusen
- Transliteration
- episteusen
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active indicative singular
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4100
- Occurrences
- 14
δὲ
Ἀβραὰμ
τῷ
Θεῷ
καὶ
ἐλογίσθη
αὐτῷ
εἰς
δικαιοσύνην
- Lemma
- dikaiosunhn
- Transliteration
- dikaiosunhn
- Morphology
- Greek: noun accusative singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G1343
- Occurrences
- 35
καὶ
φίλος
Θεοῦ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
καὶ ἐπληρώθη ἡ γραφὴ ἡ λέγουσα· ἐπίστευσεν δὲ Ἀβραὰμ τῷ θεῷ, καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην, καὶ φίλος θεοῦ ἐκλήθη.
20 word entries
καὶ
ἡ
ἡ
τῷ
θεῷ,
καὶ
δικαιοσύνην,
- Lemma
- δικαιοσύνη
- Morphology
- N-ASF
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G1343
- Occurrences
- 92
καὶ
θεοῦ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܫܠܡ ܟܬܒܐ ܕܐܡܪ ܕܗܝܡܢ ܐܒܪܗܡ ܒܐܠܗܐ ܘܐܬܚܫܒܬ ܠܗ ܠܙܕܝܩܘ ܘܪܚܡܐ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܐܬܩܪܝ
12 word entries
ܘܫܠܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܫܠܡ
- Transliteration
- wshlm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 7
ܟܬܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܬܒܐ
- Transliteration
- ktb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 53
ܕܐܡܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܡܪ
- Transliteration
- d'mr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 127
ܕܗܝܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܗܝܡܢ
- Transliteration
- dhymn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܐܒܪܗܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܒܪܗܡ
- Transliteration
- 'brhm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 33
ܒܐܠܗܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܐܠܗܐ
- Transliteration
- b'lh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 21
ܘܐܬܚܫܒܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܬܚܫܒܬ
- Transliteration
- w'thshbt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗ
- Transliteration
- lh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1592
ܠܙܕܝܩܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܙܕܝܩܘ
- Transliteration
- lzdyqw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܘܪܚܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܪܚܡܐ
- Transliteration
- wrhm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 8
ܕܐܠܗܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܠܗܐ
- Transliteration
- d'lh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 586
ܐܬܩܪܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܩܪܝ
- Transliteration
- 'tqry
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 9
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et suppleta est Scriptura, dicens: Credidit Abraham Deo, et reputatum est illi ad justitiam, et amicus Dei appellatus est.
19 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
suppleta
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- suppleo
- Transliteration
- suppleta
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 7
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
scriptura
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- scriptura
- Transliteration
- scriptura
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 68
dicens
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dicens
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
credidit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- credo
- Transliteration
- credidit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 369
Abraham
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Abraham
- Transliteration
- Abraham
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 214
Deo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- deus
- Transliteration
- Deo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- God
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- God, deity
- Etymology
- Latin noun for God or a god.
- Occurrences
- 4889
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
reputatum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- reputo
- Transliteration
- reputatum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 66
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
illi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
iustitiam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iustitia
- Transliteration
- iustitiam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 380
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
amicus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- amicus
- Transliteration
- amicus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 220
Dei
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- deus
- Transliteration
- Dei
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- God
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- God, deity
- Etymology
- Latin noun for God or a god.
- Occurrences
- 4889
appellatus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- appello
- Transliteration
- appellatus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 71
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Genesis 15:6
He believed in Yahweh, who credited it to him for righteousness.
29 relevance votesIsaiah 41:8
“But you, Israel, my servant, Jacob whom I have chosen, the offspring of Abraham my friend,
23 relevance votes2 Chronicles 20:7
Didn’t you, our God, drive out the inhabitants of this land before your people Israel, and give it to the offspring of Abraham your friend forever?
20 relevance votesGalatians 3:6
Even so, Abraham “believed God, and it was counted to him for righteousness.”
18 relevance votesExodus 33:11
Yahweh spoke to Moses face to face, as a man speaks to his friend. He turned again into the camp, but his servant Joshua, the son of Nun, a young man, didn’t depart from the Tent.
10 relevance votesRomans 11:2
God didn’t reject his people, whom he foreknew. Or don’t you know what the Scripture says about Elijah? How he pleads with God against Israel:
6 relevance votesGalatians 3:22
But the Scripture imprisoned all things under sin, that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe.
6 relevance votesJob 16:21
that he would maintain the right of a man with God, of a son of man with his neighbor!
5 relevance votesRomans 9:17
For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I caused you to be raised up, that I might show in you my power, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.”
4 relevance votesMark 15:27
With him they crucified two robbers, one on his right hand, and one on his left.
2 relevance votesLuke 4:21
He began to tell them, “Today, this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.”
2 relevance votesMark 12:10
Haven’t you even read this Scripture: ‘The stone which the builders rejected was made the head of the corner.
1 relevance votes