6 and a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment, and strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 28:6. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
59
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וּלְר֖וּחַ מִשְׁפָּ֑ט לַיּוֹשֵׁב֙ עַל־הַמִּשְׁפָּ֔ט וְלִ֨גְבוּרָ֔ה מְשִׁיבֵ֥י מִלְחָמָ֖ה שָֽׁעְרָה׃ ס
9 word entries
וּלְר֖וּחַ
מִשְׁפָּ֑ט
לַיּוֹשֵׁב֙
עַל
הַמִּשְׁפָּ֔ט
וְלִ֨גְבוּרָ֔ה
מְשִׁיבֵ֥י
מִלְחָמָ֖ה
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καταλειφθήσονται ἐπὶ πνεύματι κρίσεως ἐπὶ κρίσιν, καὶ ἰσχὺν κωλύων ἀνελεῖν.
10 word entries
Καταλειφθήσονται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- καταλειφθήσονται
- Transliteration
- kataleiphthesontai
- Morphology
- verb, future middle indicative, 3rd plural
- Gloss
- they will ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
πνεύματι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- πνεύματι
- Transliteration
- pneymati
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 34
κρίσεως
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- κρίσεως
- Transliteration
- kriseos
- Morphology
- adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- ...ly / having ...
- Part of Speech
- adverb/participle form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 30
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
κρίσιν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κρίσις
- Transliteration
- krisis
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- judgment, justice
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Judgment, decision, justice, or legal action.
- Occurrences
- 162
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἰσχὺν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἰσχύς
- Transliteration
- ischyn
- Morphology
- noun, feminine accusative singular
- Gloss
- strength, might
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Strength, power, or might.
- Occurrences
- 254
κωλύων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- κωλύων
- Transliteration
- kolyon
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
ἀνελεῖν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἀνελεῖν
- Transliteration
- anelein
- Morphology
- present/aorist active infinitive pattern
- Gloss
- to ...
- Part of Speech
- infinitive
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 11
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܠܪܘܚܐ ܕܕܝܢܐ ܠܡ̇ܢ ܕܝܬ̇ܒ ܥܠ ܕܝܢܐ ܘܓܢܒܪܘܬܐ ܕܡܗܦܟܝܢ ܩܪܒܐ ܡܢ ܬܪܥܐ
11 word entries
ܠܪܘܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܪܘܚܐ
- Transliteration
- lrwh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܕܕܝܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܕܝܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ddyn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 31
ܠܡ̇ܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܢ
- Transliteration
- lmn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 57
ܕܝܬ̇ܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܬܒ
- Transliteration
- dytb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 53
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠ
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3346
ܕܝܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܢܐ
- Transliteration
- dyn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 177
ܘܓܢܒܪܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܓܢܒܪܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wgnbrwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 12
ܕܡܗܦܟܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܗܦܟܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dmhpkyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܩܪܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܪܒܐ
- Transliteration
- qrb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 154
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5552
ܬܪܥܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܪܥܐ
- Transliteration
- tr''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 160
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
לְמֵימָר קְשׁוֹט דְדִין לִדְיָתְבִין בְּבֵית דִינָא לְמִדָן דִין דִקְשׁוֹט וּלְמִתַּן נִצְחָנָא לִדְנָפְקִין בִּקְרָבָא לַאֲתָבוּתְהוֹן בִּשְׁלָם לְבָתֵּיהוֹן׃
16 word entries
לְמֵימָר
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- אמר
- Transliteration
- lmymr
- Morphology
- prefixed preposition ל + speech root/form
- Gloss
- to/for to say, saying
- Occurrences
- 3728
קְשׁוֹט
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קשוט
- Transliteration
- qshwt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 113
דְדִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דין
- Transliteration
- ddyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 684
לִדְיָתְבִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דיתבין
- Transliteration
- ldytbyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 7
בְּבֵית
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בית
- Transliteration
- bbyt
- Morphology
- prefixed preposition ב + noun construct/absolute
- Gloss
- in/with house, household
- Occurrences
- 2611
דִינָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ינא
- Transliteration
- dyn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 144
לְמִדָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מדן
- Transliteration
- lmdn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 18
דִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דין
- Transliteration
- dyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 684
דִקְשׁוֹט
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קשוט
- Transliteration
- dqshwt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 113
וּלְמִתַּן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- למתן
- Transliteration
- wlmtn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5
נִצְחָנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נצחנא
- Transliteration
- ntschn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 7
לִדְנָפְקִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דנפקין
- Transliteration
- ldnpqyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
בִּקְרָבָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קרבא
- Transliteration
- bqrb'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 469
לַאֲתָבוּתְהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתבותהון
- Transliteration
- l'tbwthwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 4
בִּשְׁלָם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שלם
- Transliteration
- bshlm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 136
לְבָתֵּיהוֹן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- בתיהון
- Transliteration
- lbtyhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 8
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
et spiritus judicii sedenti super judicium, et fortitudo revertentibus de bello ad portam.]
13 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
spiritus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- spiritus
- Transliteration
- spiritus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 709
iudicii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iudicium
- Transliteration
- iudicii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 529
sedenti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sedeo
- Transliteration
- sedenti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 422
super
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- super
- Transliteration
- super
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3146
iudicium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iudicium
- Transliteration
- iudicium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 529
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
fortitudo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fortitudo
- Transliteration
- fortitudo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 193
revertentibus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- reuertor
- Transliteration
- revertentibus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 578
de
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- de
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 4779
bello
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- bellum
- Transliteration
- bello
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 186
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
portam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- porta
- Transliteration
- portam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 412
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
John 5:30
I can of myself do nothing. As I hear, I judge; and my judgment is righteous, because I don’t seek my own will, but the will of my Father who sent me.
6 relevance votesJoshua 1:9
Haven’t I commanded you? Be strong and courageous. Don’t be afraid. Don’t be dismayed, for Yahweh your God is with you wherever you go.”
5 relevance votesJohn 3:34
For he whom God has sent speaks the words of God; for God gives the Spirit without measure.
4 relevance votes1 Kings 3:28
All Israel heard of the judgment which the king had judged; and they feared the king, for they saw that the wisdom of God was in him to do justice.
3 relevance votesPsalms 46:11
Yahweh of Armies is with us. The God of Jacob is our refuge. Selah.
3 relevance votes2 Chronicles 32:8
An arm of flesh is with him, but Yahweh our God is with us to help us and to fight our battles.” The people rested themselves on the words of Hezekiah king of Judah.
3 relevance votesProverbs 20:8
A king who sits on the throne of judgment scatters away all evil with his eyes.
3 relevance votes1 Corinthians 12:8
For to one is given through the Spirit the word of wisdom, and to another the word of knowledge according to the same Spirit,
3 relevance votesPsalms 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in trouble.
3 relevance votesDeuteronomy 20:4
for Yahweh your God is he who goes with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you.”
3 relevance votes