10 Hear Yahweh’s word, you rulers of Sodom! Listen to the law of our God, you people of Gomorrah!
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 1:10. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
58
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
שִׁמְע֥וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה קְצִינֵ֣י סְדֹ֑ם הַאֲזִ֛ינוּ תּוֹרַ֥ת אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ עַ֥ם עֲמֹרָֽה׃
10 word entries
שִׁמְע֥וּ
דְבַר
קְצִינֵ֣י
הַאֲזִ֛ינוּ
תּוֹרַ֥ת
אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ
עַ֥ם
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Ἀκούσατε λόγον Κυρίου, ἄρχοντες Σοδόμων· προσέχετε νόμον Θεοῦ, λαὸς Γομόῤῥας.
10 word entries
Ἀκούσατε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀκούω
- Transliteration
- akousate
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active imperative, 2nd plural
- Gloss
- hear, listen
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To hear, listen, or obey.
- Occurrences
- 438
λόγον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- λόγος
- Transliteration
- logon
- Morphology
- noun, masculine accusative singular
- Gloss
- word, matter
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Word, speech, account, matter, or reason.
- Strong's
- G3056
- Occurrences
- 1103
Κυρίου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κύριος
- Transliteration
- kyrios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- Lord, master
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
- Occurrences
- 7934
ἄρχοντες
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἄρχων
- Transliteration
- archon
- Morphology
- noun/participle substantive, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- ruler, leader
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Ruler, leader, or official.
- Occurrences
- 577
Σοδόμων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- σοδόμων
- Transliteration
- sodomon
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 19
προσέχετε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- προσέχετε
- Transliteration
- prosechete
- Morphology
- verb, active imperative/indicative, 2nd plural pattern
- Gloss
- you all ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 14
νόμον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- νόμος
- Transliteration
- nomos
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- law
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Law, custom, or instruction.
- Occurrences
- 332
Θεοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- θεός
- Transliteration
- theou
- Morphology
- noun, masculine genitive singular
- Gloss
- of God
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- God, deity, or divine being.
- Strong's
- G2316
- Occurrences
- 3522
λαὸς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- λαός
- Transliteration
- laos
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- people
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- People, nation, or community.
- Occurrences
- 1841
Γομόῤῥας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- γομόῤῥας
- Transliteration
- gomoas
- Morphology
- accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 10
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܫܡܥܘ ܦܬܓܡܗ ܕܡܪܝܐ ܫ̈ܠܝܛܐ̈ ܕܣܕܘܡ ܘܨܘܬܘ ܢܡܘܣܗ ܕܐܠܗܢ ܥܡܐ ܕܥܡܘܪܐ
10 word entries
ܫܡܥܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܡܥܘ
- Transliteration
- shm'w
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 144
ܦܬܓܡܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܬܓܡܗ
- Transliteration
- ptgmh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 152
ܕܡܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܪܝܐ
- Transliteration
- dmry'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1345
ܫ̈ܠܝܛܐ̈
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܠܝܛܐ
- Transliteration
- shlyt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 64
ܕܣܕܘܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܣܕܘܡ
- Transliteration
- dsdwm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܘܨܘܬܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܨܘܬܘ
- Transliteration
- wswtw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 11
ܢܡܘܣܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܡܘܣܗ
- Transliteration
- nmwsh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 22
ܕܐܠܗܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܠܗܢ
- Transliteration
- d'lhn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 36
ܥܡܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܥܡܐ
- Transliteration
- amma
- Morphology
- noun, masculine emphatic singular
- Gloss
- people, nation
- Occurrences
- 688
ܕܥܡܘܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܥܡܘܪܐ
- Transliteration
- d'mwr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 3
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
קַבִּילוּ פִּתְגָמָא דַייָ שִׁלְטוֹנַיָא דְעוֹבָדֵיהוֹן בִּישִׁין כְּשִׁלְטוֹנֵי סְדוֹם אֲצִיתוּ לְאוֹרַיְתָא דֶאֱלָהָנָא עַמָא דְעָבְדֵיהוֹן דָמְיָן לְעַם עֲמוֹרָה׃
16 word entries
קַבִּילוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קבילו
- Transliteration
- qbylw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 131
פִּתְגָמָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פתגמא
- Transliteration
- ptgm'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 356
דַייָ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דיי
- Transliteration
- dyy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1761
שִׁלְטוֹנַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שלטוניא
- Transliteration
- shltwny'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 15
דְעוֹבָדֵיהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עובדיהון
- Transliteration
- d'wbdyhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 85
בִּישִׁין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ישין
- Transliteration
- byshyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 49
כְּשִׁלְטוֹנֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שלטוני
- Transliteration
- kshltwny
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 20
סְדוֹם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סדום
- Transliteration
- sdwm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 20
אֲצִיתוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אציתו
- Transliteration
- 'tsytw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 23
לְאוֹרַיְתָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- אוריתא
- Transliteration
- l'wryt'
- Morphology
- prefixed preposition ל + noun feminine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- to/for law, Torah
- Occurrences
- 299
דֶאֱלָהָנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אלהנא
- Transliteration
- d'lhn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 111
עַמָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- עם
- Transliteration
- 'm'
- Morphology
- noun masculine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- people
- Occurrences
- 1754
דְעָבְדֵיהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עבדיהון
- Transliteration
- d'bdyhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 4
דָמְיָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מין
- Transliteration
- dmyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 42
לְעַם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לעם
- Transliteration
- l'm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 36
עֲמוֹרָה׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עמורה
- Transliteration
- 'mwrh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 9
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Audite verbum Domini, principes Sodomorum; percipite auribus legem Dei nostri, populus Gomorrhæ.
12 word entries
audite
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- audio
- Transliteration
- audite
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1534
verbum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uerbum
- Transliteration
- verbum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1162
Domini
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominus
- Transliteration
- Domini
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8181
principes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- princeps
- Transliteration
- principes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 830
Sodomorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Sodoma
- Transliteration
- Sodomorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 44
percipite
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- percipio
- Transliteration
- percipite
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 33
auribus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- auris
- Transliteration
- auribus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 212
legem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lex
- Transliteration
- legem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 596
Dei
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- deus
- Transliteration
- Dei
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- God
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- God, deity
- Etymology
- Latin noun for God or a god.
- Occurrences
- 4889
nostri
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- noster
- Transliteration
- nostri
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1263
populus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- populus
- Transliteration
- populus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2030
Gomorrae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Gomorrha
- Transliteration
- Gomorrae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 21
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Revelation 11:8
Their dead bodies will be in the street of the great city, which spiritually is called Sodom and Egypt, where also their Lord was crucified.
6 relevance votesDeuteronomy 32:32
For their vine is of the vine of Sodom, of the fields of Gomorrah. Their grapes are poison grapes. Their clusters are bitter.
6 relevance votesIsaiah 3:9
The look of their faces testify against them. They parade their sin like Sodom. They don’t hide it. Woe to their soul! For they have brought disaster upon themselves.
6 relevance votesEzekiel 16:49
“‘“Behold, this was the iniquity of your sister Sodom: pride, fullness of bread, and prosperous ease was in her and in her daughters. She also didn’t strengthen the hand of the poor and needy.
6 relevance votesEzekiel 16:46
Your elder sister is Samaria, who dwells at your left hand, she and her daughters; and your younger sister, who dwells at your right hand, is Sodom with her daughters.
5 relevance votesJeremiah 9:26
Egypt, Judah, Edom, the children of Ammon, Moab, and all who have the corners of their hair cut off, who dwell in the wilderness, for all the nations are uncircumcised, and all the house of Israel are uncircumcised in heart.”
5 relevance votesGenesis 13:13
Now the men of Sodom were exceedingly wicked and sinners against Yahweh.
5 relevance votesIsaiah 8:20
Turn to the law and to the covenant! If they don’t speak according to this word, surely there is no morning for them.
5 relevance votesIsaiah 28:14
Therefore hear Yahweh’s word, you scoffers, that rule this people in Jerusalem:
5 relevance votesJeremiah 23:14
In the prophets of Jerusalem I have also seen a horrible thing: they commit adultery and walk in lies. They strengthen the hands of evildoers, so that no one returns from his wickedness. They have all become to me as Sodom, and its inhabitants as Gomorrah.”
5 relevance votesAmos 9:7
Are you not like the children of the Ethiopians to me, children of Israel?” says Yahweh. “Haven’t I brought up Israel out of the land of Egypt, and the Philistines from Caphtor, and the Syrians from Kir?
4 relevance votesAmos 3:8
The lion has roared. Who will not fear? The Lord Yahweh has spoken. Who can but prophesy?
3 relevance votes