Hosea 7

World English Bible, Verse 5

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⁵ On the day of our king, the princes made themselves sick with the heat of wine. He joined his hand with mockers.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Hosea 7:5. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 63

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

י֣וֹם מַלְכֵּ֔נוּ הֶחֱל֥וּ שָׂרִ֖ים חֲמַ֣ת מִיָּ֑יִן מָשַׁ֥ךְ יָד֖וֹ אֶת־לֹצְצִֽים׃

10 word entries

י֣וֹם

Lemma: 3117
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3117
Occurrences: 731

מַלְכֵּ֔נוּ

Lemma: 4428
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4428
Occurrences: 1112

הֶחֱל֥וּ

Lemma: 2470 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2470
Occurrences: 41

שָׂרִ֖ים

Lemma: 8269
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8269
Occurrences: 272

חֲמַ֣ת

Lemma: 2534
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2534
Occurrences: 81

מִיָּ֑יִן

Lemma: m/3196
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3196
Occurrences: 11

מָשַׁ֥ךְ

Lemma: 4900
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4900
Occurrences: 24

יָד֖וֹ

Lemma: 3027
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3027
Occurrences: 747

אֶת

Lemma: 854
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H854
Occurrences: 674

לֹצְצִֽים

Lemma: 3945
Morphology: Hebrew: verb polel participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3945
Occurrences: 1

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἡμέραι τῶν βασιλέων ὑμῶν, ἤρξαντο οἱ ἄρχοντες θυμοῦσθαι ἐξ οἴνου, ἐξέτεινε τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ μετὰ λοιμῶν.

16 word entries

Ἡμέραι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἡμέρα
Transliteration: hemera
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: day
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Day.
Occurrences: 2366

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

βασιλέων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: βασιλεύς
Transliteration: basileus
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: king
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: King or ruler.
Occurrences: 3067

ὑμῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

ἤρξαντο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἤρξαντο
Transliteration: erxanto
Morphology: verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss: they were ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 17

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἄρχοντες

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἄρχων
Transliteration: archon
Morphology: noun/participle substantive, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: ruler, leader
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Ruler, leader, or official.
Occurrences: 577

θυμοῦσθαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: θυμοῦσθαι
Transliteration: thymoysthai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

ἐξ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκ
Transliteration: ek
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: from, out of
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the genitive; form before a vowel.
Occurrences: 3500

οἴνου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οἶνος
Transliteration: oinou
Morphology: noun, masculine genitive singular
Gloss: of wine
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Wine.
Occurrences: 193

ἐξέτεινε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἐξέτεινε
Transliteration: exeteine
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἐξέτεινε
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 24

τὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

χεῖρα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: χείρ
Transliteration: cheir
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: hand
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Hand or power.
Occurrences: 1718

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

μετὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μετά
Transliteration: meta
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with, after
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of μετά.
Occurrences: 2247

λοιμῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: λοιμῶν
Transliteration: loimon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܝܘܡܐ ܕܡܠܟܝܢ ܫܪܝܘ ܪܘܪܒܢܐ ܠܡܪܓܙ ܡܢ ܚܡܪܐ ܢܓܕܘ ܐܝܕܝܗܘܢ ܥܡ ܒܝܫܐ

11 word entries

ܝܘܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܘܡܐ
Transliteration: ywm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 225

ܕܡܠܟܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܠܟܝܢ
Transliteration: dmlkyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 3

ܫܪܝܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܪܝܘ
Transliteration: shryw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 13

ܪܘܪܒܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܘܪܒܢܐ
Transliteration: rwrbn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 119

ܠܡܪܓܙ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܪܓܙ
Transliteration: lmrgz
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 2

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܚܡܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܡܪܐ
Transliteration: hmr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 95

ܢܓܕܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܓܕܘ
Transliteration: ngdw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5

ܐܝܕܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܕܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: 'ydyhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 61

ܥܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܡ
Transliteration: 'm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 697

ܒܝܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܝܫܐ
Transliteration: bysh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 122

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

יוֹמָא דְמַנִיאוּ עֲלֵיהוֹן מַלְכְּהוֹן שְׁרִיאוּ רַבְרְבַיָא לְמִשְׁתֵּיהּ עִמֵיהּ חֲמַר נְגַד לִידֵי סִיעַת שַׁכְּרִין׃

13 word entries

יוֹמָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יום
Transliteration: ywm'
Morphology: noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: day
Occurrences: 899

דְמַנִיאוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מניאו
Transliteration: dmny'w
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

עֲלֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עליהון
Transliteration: 'lyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 342

מַלְכְּהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לכהון
Transliteration: mlkhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 9

שְׁרִיאוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שריאו
Transliteration: shry'w
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 14

רַבְרְבַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רברביא
Transliteration: rbrby'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 62

לְמִשְׁתֵּיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: משתיה
Transliteration: lmshtyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

עִמֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עמיה
Transliteration: 'myh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 403

חֲמַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חמר
Transliteration: chmr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 79

נְגַד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נגד
Transliteration: ngd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 4

לִידֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ידי
Transliteration: lydy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 126

סִיעַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סיעת
Transliteration: sy't
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 19

שַׁכְּרִין׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שכרין
Transliteration: shkryn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Dies regis nostri: cœperunt principes furere a vino; extendit manum suam cum illusoribus.

13 word entries

dies

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dies
Transliteration: dies
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2559

regis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: rex
Transliteration: regis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2981

nostri

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nostri
Transliteration: nostri
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17

coeperunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: coepio
Transliteration: coeperunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 262

principes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: princeps
Transliteration: principes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 830

furere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: furo
Transliteration: furere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 3

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ab
Transliteration: a
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 3693

vino

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uinum
Transliteration: vino
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 224

extendit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: extendo
Transliteration: extendit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 178

manum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: manus
Transliteration: manum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1822

suam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

cum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cum
Transliteration: cum
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5272

inlusoribus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: illusor
Transliteration: inlusoribus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 9

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Isaiah 28:1

Woe to the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fertile valley of those who are overcome with wine!

4 relevance votes

Daniel 5:23

but have lifted up yourself against the Lord of heaven; and they have brought the vessels of his house before you, and you and your lords, your wives, and your concubines, have drunk wine from them. You have praised the gods of silver and gold, of bronze, iron, wood, and stone, which don’t see, or hear, or know; and you have not glorified the God in whose hand your breath is, and whose are all your ways.

3 relevance votes

Ephesians 5:18

Don’t be drunken with wine, in which is dissipation, but be filled with the Spirit,

3 relevance votes

Psalms 1:1

Blessed is the man who doesn’t walk in the counsel of the wicked, nor stand on the path of sinners, nor sit in the seat of scoffers;

3 relevance votes

Genesis 40:20

On the third day, which was Pharaoh’s birthday, he made a feast for all his servants, and he lifted up the head of the chief cup bearer and the head of the chief baker among his servants.

3 relevance votes

Psalms 69:12

Those who sit in the gate talk about me. I am the song of the drunkards.

2 relevance votes

1 Kings 13:4

When the king heard the saying of the man of God, which he cried against the altar in Bethel, Jeroboam put out his hand from the altar, saying, “Seize him!” His hand, which he put out against him, dried up, so that he could not draw it back again to himself.

2 relevance votes

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Hosea 7

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Isaiah 28:1

Daniel 5:23

Ephesians 5:18

Psalms 1:1

Genesis 40:20

Psalms 69:12

1 Kings 13:4

Proverbs 13:20

Proverbs 20:1

Mark 6:21

Matthew 14:6