Hosea
Chapter 7
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Verse 11
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World English Bible

Hosea 7

World English Bible, Verse 11

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11 “Ephraim is like an easily deceived dove, without understanding. They call to Egypt. They go to Assyria.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Hosea 7:11. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 67
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיְהִ֣י אֶפְרַ֔יִם כְּיוֹנָ֥ה פוֹתָ֖ה אֵ֣ין לֵ֑ב מִצְרַ֥יִם קָרָ֖אוּ אַשּׁ֥וּר הָלָֽכוּ׃

10 word entries
וַיְהִ֣י
Lemma
c/1961
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H1961
Occurrences
1772
אֶפְרַ֔יִם
Lemma
669
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H669
Occurrences
149
כְּיוֹנָ֥ה
Lemma
k/3123
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H3123
Occurrences
6
פוֹתָ֖ה
Lemma
6601 b
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H6601
Occurrences
20
אֵ֣ין
Lemma
369
Morphology
Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H369
Occurrences
460
לֵ֑ב
Lemma
3820 a
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3820
Occurrences
463
מִצְרַ֥יִם
Lemma
4714
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H4714
Occurrences
467
קָרָ֖אוּ
Lemma
7121
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H7121
Occurrences
350
אַשּׁ֥וּר
Lemma
804
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H804
Occurrences
137
הָלָֽכוּ
Lemma
1980
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H1980
Occurrences
372
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἦν Ἐφραὶμ ὡς περιστερὰ ἄνους, οὐκ ἔχουσα καρδίαν· Αἴγυπτον ἐπεκαλεῖτο, καὶ εἰς Ἀσσυρίους ἐπορεύθησαν·

15 word entries
Καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἦν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
en
Morphology
verb, imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it was
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To be or exist.
Strong's
G1510
Occurrences
5427
Ἐφραὶμ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Ephraim
Morphology
proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss
Ephraim
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Ephraim.
Occurrences
177
ὡς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ὡς
Transliteration
hos
Morphology
comparative conjunction/adverb
Gloss
as, like, when
Part of Speech
conjunction/adverb
Definition
Comparative or temporal conjunction/adverb.
Occurrences
1899
περιστερὰ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
peristera
Morphology
nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
7
ἄνους
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
anoys
Morphology
accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
4
οὐκ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
οὐ
Transliteration
ou
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not
Part of Speech
particle
Definition
Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences
5892
ἔχουσα
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
echoysa
Morphology
present active participle, nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss
doing/being ...
Part of Speech
participle
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
8
καρδίαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
kardia
Morphology
noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss
heart
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Heart, inner life, mind, or will.
Occurrences
867
Αἴγυπτον
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Aigypton
Morphology
proper noun, accusative feminine singular
Gloss
Egypt
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Egypt.
Occurrences
600
ἐπεκαλεῖτο
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
epekaleito
Morphology
verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss
he/she was ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
εἰς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
εἰς
Transliteration
eis
Morphology
preposition with accusative
Gloss
into, to, for
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences
6787
Ἀσσυρίους
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
assyrioys
Morphology
accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
14
ἐπορεύθησαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
eporeuthesan
Morphology
verb, aorist passive/deponent indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss
they went
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To go, travel, journey, or walk.
Occurrences
631
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܗܘܐ ܐܦܪܝܡ ܐܝܟ ܝܘܢܐ ܫܒܪܬܐ ܕܠܝܬ ܒܗ ܠܒܐ ܠܡܨܪܝܢ ܐܬܘ ܘܠܐܬܘܪ ܐܙܠܘ

12 word entries
ܘܗܘܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
whw'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
367
ܐܦܪܝܡ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'prym
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
63
ܐܝܟ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܐܝܟ
Transliteration
'yk
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
2051
ܝܘܢܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
ywn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
10
ܫܒܪܬܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
shbrt'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
1
ܕܠܝܬ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dlyt
Morphology
possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
169
ܒܗ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܒܗ
Transliteration
bh
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
571
ܠܒܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܠܒܐ
Transliteration
lb'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
95
ܠܡܨܪܝܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
lmsryn
Morphology
possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
44
ܐܬܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܐܬܘ
Transliteration
'tw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
75
ܘܠܐܬܘܪ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wl'twr
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
1
ܐܙܠܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'zlw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
38
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וַהֲווֹ בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל דָמָן כְּיוֹנָה שְׁרִיחֲתָא דְאִתְנְסִיבוּ בְנָהָא וְלֵית לָהּ לֵב לְמִצְרַיִם אִתְקְרָבוּ לְאַתּוּר גְלוֹ׃

15 word entries
וַהֲווֹ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
הוו
Transliteration
whww
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
399
בֵּית
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
בית
Transliteration
byt
Morphology
noun construct/absolute
Gloss
house, household
Occurrences
2611
יִשְׂרָאֵל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
yshr'l
Morphology
proper noun
Gloss
Israel
Occurrences
2312
דָמָן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
דמן
Transliteration
dmn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
252
כְּיוֹנָה
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
kywnh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
27
שְׁרִיחֲתָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
shrycht'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
1
דְאִתְנְסִיבוּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
d'tnsybw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
1
בְנָהָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
נהא
Transliteration
bnh'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
13
וְלֵית
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
לית
Transliteration
wlyt
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
629
לָהּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
לה
Transliteration
lh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
260
לֵב
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
לב
Transliteration
lb
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
34
לְמִצְרַיִם
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
lmtsrym
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
261
אִתְקְרָבוּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'tqrbw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
13
לְאַתּוּר
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
l'twr
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
124
גְלוֹ׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
גלו
Transliteration
glw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
54
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et factus est Ephraim quasi columba seducta non habens cor. Ægyptum invocabant; ad Assyrios abierunt.

15 word entries
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
factus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
facio
Transliteration
factus
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
4719
est
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
est
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
Ephraim
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Ephraim
Transliteration
Ephraim
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
136
quasi
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
quasi
Transliteration
quasi
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
989
columba
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
columba
Transliteration
columba
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
43
seducta
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
seduco
Transliteration
seducta
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
51
non
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
non
Transliteration
non
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
7320
habens
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
habeo
Transliteration
habens
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
1641
cor
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
cor
Transliteration
cor
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
1028
Aegyptum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Aegyptum
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
617
invocabant
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
inuoco
Transliteration
invocabant
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
152
ad
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ad
Transliteration
ad
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
7531
Assyrios
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Assyrii
Transliteration
Assyrios
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
130
abierunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
abeo
Transliteration
abierunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
404

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Hosea 12:1

Ephraim feeds on wind, and chases the east wind. He continually multiplies lies and desolation. They make a covenant with Assyria, and oil is carried into Egypt.

5 relevance votes

Hosea 5:13

“When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah his wound, then Ephraim went to Assyria, and sent to King Jareb: but he is not able to heal you, neither will he cure you of your wound.

5 relevance votes

Hosea 11:11

They will come trembling like a bird out of Egypt, and like a dove out of the land of Assyria; and I will settle them in their houses,” says Yahweh.

4 relevance votes

Jeremiah 2:18

Now what do you gain by going to Egypt, to drink the waters of the Shihor? Or why do you go on the way to Assyria, to drink the waters of the River?

4 relevance votes

Hosea 4:11

Prostitution, wine, and new wine take away understanding.

4 relevance votes

Proverbs 6:32

He who commits adultery with a woman is void of understanding. He who does it destroys his own soul.

3 relevance votes

Hosea 9:3

They won’t dwell in Yahweh’s land; but Ephraim will return to Egypt, and they will eat unclean food in Assyria.

3 relevance votes

Proverbs 15:32

He who refuses correction despises his own soul, but he who listens to reproof gets understanding.

2 relevance votes

Jeremiah 2:36

Why do you go about so much to change your ways? You will be ashamed of Egypt also, as you were ashamed of Assyria.

2 relevance votes

Hosea 14:3

Assyria can’t save us. We won’t ride on horses; neither will we say any more to the work of our hands, ‘Our gods!’ for in you the fatherless finds mercy.”

2 relevance votes

Proverbs 17:16

Why is there money in the hand of a fool to buy wisdom, since he has no understanding?

2 relevance votes

2 Kings 15:19

Pul the king of Assyria came against the land, and Menahem gave Pul one thousand talents of silver, that his hand might be with him to confirm the kingdom in his hand.

2 relevance votes
Chapter 7 of 14 Verse 11 of 16