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World English Bible

Genesis 31

World English Bible, Verse 30

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³⁰ Now, you want to be gone, because you greatly longed for your father’s house, but why have you stolen my gods?”

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Genesis 31:30. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 71

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְעַתָּה֙ הָלֹ֣ךְ הָלַ֔כְתָּ כִּֽי־נִכְסֹ֥ף נִכְסַ֖פְתָּה לְבֵ֣ית אָבִ֑יךָ לָ֥מָּה גָנַ֖בְתָּ אֶת־אֱלֹהָֽי׃

12 word entries

וְעַתָּה֙

Lemma: c/6258
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + adverb
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6258
Occurrences: 273

הָלֹ֣ךְ

Lemma: 1980
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal infinitive absolute
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1980
Occurrences: 372

הָלַ֔כְתָּ

Lemma: 1980
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1980
Occurrences: 372

כִּֽי

Lemma: 3588 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3588
Occurrences: 4218

נִכְסֹ֥ף

Lemma: 3700
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal infinitive absolute
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3700
Occurrences: 6

נִכְסַ֖פְתָּה

Lemma: 3700
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal perfect 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3700
Occurrences: 6

לְבֵ֣ית

Lemma: l/1004 b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1004
Occurrences: 208

אָבִ֑יךָ

Lemma: 1
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1
Occurrences: 995

לָ֥מָּה

Lemma: l/4100
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + particle
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4100
Occurrences: 145

גָנַ֖בְתָּ

Lemma: 1589
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1589
Occurrences: 25

אֶת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

אֱלֹהָֽי

Lemma: 430
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H430
Occurrences: 1993

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Νῦν οὖν πεπόρευσαι· ἐπιθυμίᾳ γὰρ ἐπεθύμησας ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ πατρός σου· ἱνατί ἔκλεψας τοὺς θεούς μου;

18 word entries

Νῦν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: νῦν
Transliteration: nyn
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: now
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: Now, at the present time.
Occurrences: 614

οὖν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὖν
Transliteration: oun
Morphology: inferential particle/conjunction
Gloss: therefore, then
Part of Speech: particle/conjunction
Definition: Inferential particle.
Occurrences: 229

πεπόρευσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: πεπόρευσαι
Transliteration: peporeysai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἐπιθυμίᾳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐπιθυμίᾳ
Transliteration: epithymia
Morphology: dative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: to/for ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 9

γὰρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γάρ
Transliteration: gar
Morphology: postpositive explanatory conjunction
Gloss: for, because
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Explanatory or causal conjunction.
Occurrences: 1390

ἐπεθύμησας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐπεθύμησας
Transliteration: epethymesas
Morphology: aorist active participle nominative masculine singular pattern, or 2nd singular verb depending on context
Gloss: having ...
Part of Speech: participle/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἀπελθεῖν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀπελθεῖν
Transliteration: apelthein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 15

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

τὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

οἶκον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οἶκος
Transliteration: oikos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: house, household
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: House, household, or temple.
Occurrences: 1831

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

πατρός

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πατήρ
Transliteration: pater
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: father
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Father or ancestor.
Occurrences: 1228

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

ἱνατί

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἱνατί
Transliteration: hinati
Morphology: interrogative particle
Gloss: why?
Part of Speech: interrogative particle
Definition: Interrogative particle meaning why or for what reason.
Occurrences: 133

ἔκλεψας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἔκλεψας
Transliteration: eklepsas
Morphology: accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

τοὺς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

θεούς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: θεούς
Transliteration: theoys
Morphology: accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

μου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

וּכְעַן מֵיזַל אֲזַלְתָּ אֲרֵי חַמָּדָא חַמֵדְתָּא לְבֵית אָבוּךְ לְמָה נְסִבְתָּא יָת דַּחַלְתִּי

12 word entries

וּכְעַן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כען
Transliteration: wk'n
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 215

מֵיזַל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יזל
Transliteration: myzl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

אֲזַלְתָּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אזלת
Transliteration: 'zlt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 10

אֲרֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארי
Transliteration: 'ry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 989

חַמָּדָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חמדא
Transliteration: chmd'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

חַמֵדְתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חמדתא
Transliteration: chmdt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

לְבֵית

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בית
Transliteration: lbyt
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + noun construct/absolute
Gloss: to/for house, household
Occurrences: 266

אָבוּךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבוך
Transliteration: 'bwk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 40

לְמָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: למה
Transliteration: lmh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 12

נְסִבְתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נסבתא
Transliteration: nsbt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

יָת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 2463

דַּחַלְתִּי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חלתי
Transliteration: dchlty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܗܫܐ ܡܐܙܠ ܐܙܠ ܐܢܬ. ܡܛܠ ܕܡܬܪܓܪܓܘ ܐܬܪܓܪܓܬ ܠܒܝܬ ܐܒܘܟ. ܠܡܢܐ ܓܢܒ̣ܬ ܐ̈ܠܗܝ.

12 word entries

ܘܗܫܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WHC>
Morphology: W-HC/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܡܐܙܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: M>ZL
Morphology: !M!>ZL[/
Occurrences: 0

ܐܙܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >ZL
Morphology: >ZL[/
Occurrences: 0

ܐܢܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >NT
Morphology: >NT
Occurrences: 0

ܡܛܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MVL
Morphology: MVL
Occurrences: 0

ܕܡܬܪܓܪܓܘ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DMTRGRGW
Morphology: D-!M!@(>T@RGRG[/W:d
Occurrences: 0

ܐܬܪܓܪܓܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >TRGRGT
Morphology: @>T@RGRG[T=:d
Occurrences: 0

ܠܒܝܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LBJT
Morphology: L-BJT/
Occurrences: 0

ܐܒܘܟ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >BWK
Morphology: >B&W/-K
Occurrences: 0

ܠܡܢܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LMN>
Morphology: L-MN>
Occurrences: 0

ܓܢܒ̣ܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: GNB#T
Morphology: GNB=[T=
Occurrences: 0

ܐ̈ܠܗܝ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >"LHJ
Morphology: >LH/J-(J
Occurrences: 0

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Esto, ad tuos ire cupiebas, et desiderio erat tibi domus patris tui: cur furatus es deos meos?

17 word entries

esto

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: esto
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ad
Transliteration: ad
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 7531

tuos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tui
Transliteration: tuos
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 40

ire

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: eo
Transliteration: ire
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 698

cupiebas

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cupio
Transliteration: cupiebas
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 30

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

desiderio

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: desiderium
Transliteration: desiderio
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 60

tibi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tu
Transliteration: tibi
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4602

erat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: erat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

domus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: domus
Transliteration: domus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1989

patris

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pater
Transliteration: patris
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1575

tui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

cur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cur
Transliteration: cur
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 72

furatus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: furor
Transliteration: furatus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 233

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: es
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

deos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: deus
Transliteration: deos
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: God
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity
Etymology: Latin noun for God or a god.
Occurrences: 4889

meos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meos
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Genesis 31

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Jeremiah 10:11

Genesis 31:19

Judges 18:24

Isaiah 37:19

2 Samuel 5:21

Jeremiah 43:12

Numbers 33:4

Judges 6:31

Exodus 12:12