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World English Bible

Exodus 22

World English Bible, Verse 1

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¹ “If a man steals an ox or a sheep, and kills it or sells it, he shall pay five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Exodus 22:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 65

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

אִם־בַּמַּחְתֶּ֛רֶת יִמָּצֵ֥א הַגַּנָּ֖ב וְהֻכָּ֣ה וָמֵ֑ת אֵ֥ין ל֖וֹ דָּמִֽים׃

9 word entries

אִם

Lemma: 518 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H518
Occurrences: 641

בַּמַּחְתֶּ֛רֶת

Lemma: b/4290
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4290
Occurrences: 2

יִמָּצֵ֥א

Lemma: 4672
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4672
Occurrences: 305

הַגַּנָּ֖ב

Lemma: d/1590
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H1590
Occurrences: 5

וְהֻכָּ֣ה

Lemma: c/5221
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb hophal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5221
Occurrences: 262

וָמֵ֑ת

Lemma: c/4191
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4191
Occurrences: 255

אֵ֥ין

Lemma: 369
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H369
Occurrences: 460

ל֖וֹ

Lemma: l
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 4413

דָּמִֽים

Lemma: 1818
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1818
Occurrences: 169

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐὰν δὲ ἐν τῷ διορύγματι εὑρεθῇ ὁ κλέπτης, καὶ πληγεὶς ἀποθάνῃ, οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτῷ φόνος.

15 word entries

Ἐὰν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐάν
Transliteration: ean
Morphology: conditional particle
Gloss: if, whenever
Part of Speech: conditional particle
Definition: Conditional particle, often with subjunctive.
Occurrences: 1253

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

διορύγματι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: διορύγματι
Transliteration: diorygmati
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

εὑρεθῇ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: εὑρεθῇ
Transliteration: eyreth
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 23

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

κλέπτης

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κλέπτης
Transliteration: kleptes
Morphology: genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

πληγεὶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: πληγεὶς
Transliteration: plegeis
Morphology: Greek -εις form; likely verb 2nd singular or plural noun/adjective depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἀποθάνῃ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀποθνῄσκω
Transliteration: apothane
Morphology: verb, aorist active subjunctive, 2nd or 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she may die; you may die
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To die.
Occurrences: 322

οὐκ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐ
Transliteration: ou
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences: 5892

ἔστιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰμί
Transliteration: estin
Morphology: verb, present active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it is
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To be or exist.
Strong's: G1510
Occurrences: 5427

αὐτῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

φόνος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: φόνος
Transliteration: phonos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

אִם בְּמַחְתַּרְתָּא יִשְׁתְּכַח גַנָבָא וְיִתְמְחֵי וִימוּת לֵית לֵהּ דָם:

9 word entries

אִם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אם
Transliteration: 'm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 153

בְּמַחְתַּרְתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מחתרתא
Transliteration: bmchtrt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

יִשְׁתְּכַח

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ישתכח
Transliteration: yshtkch
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 15

גַנָבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גנבא
Transliteration: gnb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 4

וְיִתְמְחֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתמחי
Transliteration: wytmchy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

וִימוּת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ימות
Transliteration: wymwt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 37

לֵית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לית
Transliteration: lyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 121

לֵהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לה
Transliteration: lh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 465

דָם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דם
Transliteration: dm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 16

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܢ ܒܦܘܠܫܬܐ ܢܫܬܟܚ ܓܢܒܐ. ܘܢܒܠܥ ܘܢܡܘܬ. ܠܝܬ ܠܗ ܥܝܪܬܐ.

9 word entries

ܘܐܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>N
Morphology: W->N
Occurrences: 0

ܒܦܘܠܫܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BPWLCT>
Morphology: B-PWLC(>/T~>
Occurrences: 0

ܢܫܬܟܚ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: NCTKX
Morphology: !N!@(>(T&C@(C&TKX[
Occurrences: 0

ܓܢܒܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: GNB>
Morphology: GNB==/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܢܒܠܥ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WNBL<
Morphology: W-!N!BL<[
Occurrences: 0

ܘܢܡܘܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WNMWT
Morphology: W-!N!MWT[
Occurrences: 0

ܠܝܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LJT
Morphology: L(>-(>JT(J/
Occurrences: 0

ܠܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LH
Morphology: L-H
Occurrences: 0

ܥܝܪܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: <JRT>
Morphology: <JR(>/T~>
Occurrences: 0

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Si quis furatus fuerit bovem aut ovem, et occiderit vel vendiderit: quinque boves pro uno bove restituet, et quatuor oves pro una ove.

23 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: si
Transliteration: si
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1970

quis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quis
Transliteration: quis
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 1619

furatus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: furor
Transliteration: furatus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 233

fuerit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: fuerit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

bovem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bos
Transliteration: bovem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 227

aut

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aut
Transliteration: aut
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 509

ovem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ouis
Transliteration: ovem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 227

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

occiderit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: occido
Transliteration: occiderit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 370

vel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uel
Transliteration: vel
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 195

vendiderit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uendo
Transliteration: vendiderit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 118

quinque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quinque
Transliteration: quinque
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 304

boves

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bos
Transliteration: boves
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 227

pro

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pro
Transliteration: pro
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 1148

uno

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: unus
Transliteration: uno
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 1077

bove

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bos
Transliteration: bove
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 227

restituet

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: restituo
Transliteration: restituet
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 65

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

quattuor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quatuor
Transliteration: quattuor
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 251

oves

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ouis
Transliteration: oves
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 227

pro

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pro
Transliteration: pro
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 1148

una

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: unus
Transliteration: una
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 1077

ove

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ouis
Transliteration: ove
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 227

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Exodus 22

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Ranked cross references

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