14 So the couriers who rode on royal horses went out, hastened and pressed on by the king’s commandment. The decree was given out in the citadel of Susa.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Esther 8:14. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
53
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
הָרָצִ֞ים רֹכְבֵ֤י הָרֶ֙כֶשׁ֙ הָֽאֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִ֔ים יָֽצְא֛וּ מְבֹהָלִ֥ים וּדְחוּפִ֖ים בִּדְבַ֣ר הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְהַדָּ֥ת נִתְּנָ֖ה בְּשׁוּשַׁ֥ן הַבִּירָֽה׃ פ
13 word entries
הָרָצִ֞ים
רֹכְבֵ֤י
הָרֶ֨כֶשׁ֙
הָֽאֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִ֔ים
יָֽצְא֛וּ
מְבֹהָלִ֥ים
וּדְחוּפִ֖ים
בִּדְבַ֣ר
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ
וְהַדָּ֥ת
נִתְּנָ֖ה
בְּשׁוּשַׁ֥ן
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܐ̣ܙܠܘ ܪ̈ܗܛܐ ܘܐܣܦܘ̈ܟܐ ܪ̈ܟܒܝ ܪ̈ܟܫܐ ܘܢܦܩܘ ܡܣܪ̈ܗܒܐܝܬ. ܒܦܬܓܡܐ ܘܒܦܘܩܕܢܐ ܕܐܬܦܩܕ ܒܫܘܫܢ ܒܝܪܬܐ. .
12 word entries
ܘܐ̣ܙܠܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܙܠܘ
- Transliteration
- w'zlw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 111
ܪ̈ܗܛܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܗܛܐ
- Transliteration
- rht'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 12
ܘܐܣܦܘ̈ܟܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܣܦܘܟܐ
- Transliteration
- w'spwk'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܪ̈ܟܒܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܟܒܝ
- Transliteration
- rkby
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 4
ܪ̈ܟܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܟܫܐ
- Transliteration
- rksh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 45
ܘܢܦܩܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܦܩܘ
- Transliteration
- wnpqw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 58
ܡܣܪ̈ܗܒܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܣܪܗܒܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- msrhb'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 8
ܒܦܬܓܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܦܬܓܡܐ
- Transliteration
- bptgm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܘܒܦܘܩܕܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܦܘܩܕܢܐ
- Transliteration
- wbpwqdn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܐܬܦܩܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܬܦܩܕ
- Transliteration
- d'tpqd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 7
ܒܫܘܫܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܫܘܫܢ
- Transliteration
- bshwshn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 10
ܒܝܪܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܝܪܬܐ
- Transliteration
- byrt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 18
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
רַהִטָנִין דִרְכִיבִין עַל רִכְסָא עַרְטוּלְיָנֵי נְפָקוּ זְרִיזִין וּסְחִיפִין בְּפִתְגָמָא דְמַלְכָּא וּגְזֵירַת דִינָא אִתְיְהִיבַת בְּשׁוּשַׁן בִּירַנְתָּא׃
15 word entries
רַהִטָנִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רהטנין
- Transliteration
- rhtnyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
דִרְכִיבִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רכיבין
- Transliteration
- drkybyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 10
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
רִכְסָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רכסא
- Transliteration
- rks'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 2
עַרְטוּלְיָנֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ערטוליני
- Transliteration
- 'rtwlyny
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
נְפָקוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נפקו
- Transliteration
- npqw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 82
זְרִיזִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- זריזין
- Transliteration
- zryzyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
וּסְחִיפִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סחיפין
- Transliteration
- wschypyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
בְּפִתְגָמָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פתגמא
- Transliteration
- bptgm'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 356
דְמַלְכָּא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מלך
- Transliteration
- dmlk'
- Morphology
- prefixed relative/genitive ד + noun masculine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- of/that king
- Occurrences
- 2509
וּגְזֵירַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גזירת
- Transliteration
- wgzyrt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 49
דִינָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ינא
- Transliteration
- dyn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 144
אִתְיְהִיבַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתיהיבת
- Transliteration
- 'tyhybt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 24
בְּשׁוּשַׁן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שושן
- Transliteration
- bshwshn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 25
בִּירַנְתָּא׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ירנתא
- Transliteration
- byrnt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 11
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Egressique sunt veredarii celeres nuntia perferentes, et edictum regis pependit in Susan.
13 word entries
egressique
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- egredior
- Transliteration
- egressique
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 667
{egressique}
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- que
- Transliteration
- {egressique}
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4392
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
veredarii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ueredarius
- Transliteration
- veredarii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2
celeres
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- celer
- Transliteration
- celeres
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 2
nuntios
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nuntius
- Transliteration
- nuntios
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 134
perferentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- perfero
- Transliteration
- perferentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 12
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
edictum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- edictum
- Transliteration
- edictum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 12
regis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- rex
- Transliteration
- regis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2981
pependit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pendeo
- Transliteration
- pependit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 27
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
Susis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Susa
- Transliteration
- Susis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 16
These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.
-
Greek LXX
alternate tradition
The current Greek Brenton source archive does not expose this as the same canonical book. Related Greek Esther/Ezra traditions are tracked under separate or alternate structures where available.
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Daniel 8:2
I saw the vision. Now it was so, that when I saw, I was in the citadel of Susa, which is in the province of Elam. I saw in the vision, and I was by the river Ulai.
3 relevance votesEsther 3:15
The couriers went out in haste by the king’s commandment, and the decree was given out in the citadel of Susa. The king and Haman sat down to drink; but the city of Susa was perplexed.
3 relevance votesEsther 2:3
Let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom, that they may gather together all the beautiful young virgins to the citadel of Susa, to the women’s house, to the custody of Hegai the king’s eunuch, keeper of the women. Let cosmetics be given them;
2 relevance votesEcclesiastes 9:10
Whatever your hand finds to do, do it with your might; for there is no work, nor plan, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in Sheol, where you are going.
2 relevance votesEsther 1:2
in those days, when the King Ahasuerus sat on the throne of his kingdom, which was in Susa the palace,
1 relevance votes1 Samuel 21:8
David said to Ahimelech, “Isn’t there here under your hand spear or sword? For I haven’t brought my sword or my weapons with me, because the king’s business required haste.”
1 relevance votesNehemiah 1:1
The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. Now in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, as I was in Susa the palace,
1 relevance votes