Esther 6

World English Bible, Verse 12

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¹² Mordecai came back to the king’s gate, but Haman hurried to his house, mourning and having his head covered.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Esther 6:12. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 4

Word Entries 62

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיָּ֥שָׁב מָרְדֳּכַ֖י אֶל־שַׁ֣עַר הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְהָמָן֙ נִדְחַ֣ף אֶל־בֵּית֔וֹ אָבֵ֖ל וַחֲפ֥וּי רֹֽאשׁ׃

12 word entries

וַיָּ֥שָׁב

Lemma: c/7725
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7725
Occurrences: 428

מָרְדֳּכַ֖י

Lemma: 4782
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4782
Occurrences: 43

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

שַׁ֣עַר

Lemma: 8179
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8179
Occurrences: 159

הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ

Lemma: d/4428
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H4428
Occurrences: 1083

וְהָמָן֙

Lemma: c/2001
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun proper
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H2001
Occurrences: 10

נִדְחַ֣ף

Lemma: 1765
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1765
Occurrences: 3

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

בֵּית֔וֹ

Lemma: 1004 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1004
Occurrences: 1121

אָבֵ֖ל

Lemma: 57
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H57
Occurrences: 5

וַחֲפ֥וּי

Lemma: c/2645
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal participle passive
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H2645
Occurrences: 5

רֹֽאשׁ

Lemma: 7218 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7218
Occurrences: 387

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܬ̣ܐ ܡܘܪܕܟܝ ܠܬ̇ܪܥܐ ܕܡ̇ܠܟ̇ܐ. ܘܗܡܢ ܐ̣ܙܠ ܠܒܝܬܗ ܟܕ ܐܒܝܠ ܘܡ̇ܚܦܝ ܪ̣ܫܗ.

11 word entries

ܘܐܬ̣ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܬܐ
Transliteration: w't'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 171

ܡܘܪܕܟܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܘܪܕܟܝ
Transliteration: mwrdky
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 29

ܠܬ̇ܪܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܬܪܥܐ
Transliteration: ltr''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 34

ܕܡ̇ܠܟ̇ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: dmlk'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 458

ܘܗܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܗܡܢ
Transliteration: whmn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 12

ܐ̣ܙܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܙܠ
Transliteration: 'zl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 147

ܠܒܝܬܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܒܝܬܗ
Transliteration: lbyth
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 138

ܟܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܕ
Transliteration: kd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 881

ܐܒܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܒܝܠ
Transliteration: 'byl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5

ܘܡ̇ܚܦܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܚܦܝ
Transliteration: wmhpy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܪ̣ܫܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܫܗ
Transliteration: rshh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 19

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וּדְבַר הָמָן יַת לְבוּשׁ אַרְגְוָנָא וְיַת סוּסָא וְאַלְבִּישׁ יַת מָרְדְכַי וְאַרְכִּיבִינֵיהּ בִּפְתָאָה דְקַרְתָּא וְקַלֵס קֳדָמוֹי כְּדֵין יִתְעֲבֵד לְגַבְרָא דִי מַלְכָּא צָבֵי בִיקָרֵיהּ׃

22 word entries

וּדְבַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: דבר
Transliteration: wdbr
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root דבר
Gloss: and led, took, brought
Occurrences: 132

הָמָן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: המן
Transliteration: hmn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 110

יַת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

לְבוּשׁ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בוש
Transliteration: lbwsh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 13

אַרְגְוָנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארגונא
Transliteration: 'rgwn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 17

וְיַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: וית
Transliteration: wyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1320

סוּסָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סוסא
Transliteration: sws'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 10

וְאַלְבִּישׁ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אלביש
Transliteration: w'lbysh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 6

יַת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

מָרְדְכַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רדכי
Transliteration: mrdky
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 55

וְאַרְכִּיבִינֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארכיביניה
Transliteration: w'rkybynyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

בִּפְתָאָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פתאה
Transliteration: bpt'h
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

דְקַרְתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קרתא
Transliteration: dqrt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 512

וְקַלֵס

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קלס
Transliteration: wqls
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

קֳדָמוֹי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קדמוי
Transliteration: qdmwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 107

כְּדֵין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דין
Transliteration: kdyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 684

יִתְעֲבֵד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתעבד
Transliteration: yt'bd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 6

לְגַבְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גברא
Transliteration: lgbr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 524

דִי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: די
Transliteration: dy
Morphology: relative/genitive particle
Gloss: of, that, which
Occurrences: 1711

מַלְכָּא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מלך
Transliteration: mlk'
Morphology: prefixed preposition מ + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: from king
Occurrences: 2509

צָבֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: צבי
Transliteration: tsby
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 21

בִיקָרֵיהּ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקריה
Transliteration: byqryh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 51

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Reversusque est Mardochæus ad januam palatii: et Aman festinavit ire in domum suam, lugens et operto capite:

17 word entries

reversus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: reuertor
Transliteration: reversus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 578

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Mardocheus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Mardocheus
Transliteration: Mardocheus
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 47

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ad
Transliteration: ad
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 7531

ianuam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ianua
Transliteration: ianuam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 39

palatii

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Palatium
Transliteration: palatii
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 14

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

Aman

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Aman
Transliteration: Aman
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 28

festinavit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: festino
Transliteration: festinavit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 84

ire

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: eo
Transliteration: ire
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 698

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

domum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: domus
Transliteration: domum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1989

suam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

lugens

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lugeo
Transliteration: lugens
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 45

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

operto

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: operio
Transliteration: operto
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 191

capite

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: caput
Transliteration: capite
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 501

Source availability notes

These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.

Greek LXX alternate tradition
The current Greek Brenton source archive does not expose this as the same canonical book. Related Greek Esther/Ezra traditions are tracked under separate or alternate structures where available.

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

2 Samuel 15:30

David went up by the ascent of the Mount of Olives, and wept as he went up; and he had his head covered and went barefoot. All the people who were with him each covered his head, and they went up, weeping as they went up.

6 relevance votes

1 Kings 21:4

Ahab came into his house sullen and angry because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him, for he had said, “I will not give you the inheritance of my fathers.” He laid himself down on his bed, and turned away his face, and would eat no bread.

3 relevance votes

Job 20:5

that the triumphing of the wicked is short, the joy of the godless but for a moment?

3 relevance votes

2 Chronicles 26:20

Azariah the chief priest and all the priests looked at him, and behold, he was leprous in his forehead; and they thrust him out quickly from there. Indeed, he himself also hurried to go out, because Yahweh had struck him.

2 relevance votes

2 Samuel 17:23

When Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, he saddled his donkey, arose, and went home to his city, set his house in order, and hanged himself; and he died, and was buried in the tomb of his father.

2 relevance votes

1 Samuel 3:15

Samuel lay until the morning, and opened the doors of Yahweh’s house. Samuel was afraid to show Eli the vision.

2 relevance votes

Job 9:24

The earth is given into the hand of the wicked. He covers the faces of its judges. If not he, then who is it?

2 relevance votes

1 Kings 20:43

The king of Israel went to his house sullen and angry, and came to Samaria.

2 relevance votes

Esther 7:8

Then the king returned out of the palace garden into the place of the banquet of wine; and Haman had fallen on the couch where Esther was. Then the king said, “Will he even assault the queen in front of me in the house?” As the word went out of the king’s mouth, they covered Haman’s face.

2 relevance votes

Esther 2:19

When the virgins were gathered together the second time, Mordecai was sitting in the king’s gate.

2 relevance votes

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