2 Samuel
Chapter 23
Verse 12
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2 Samuel 23

World English Bible Updated, Verse 12

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12 But he stood in the middle of the plot and defended it, and killed the Philistines; and the LORD worked a great victory.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 23:12. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 70
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֤ב בְּתוֹךְ־הַֽחֶלְקָה֙ וַיַּצִּילֶ֔הָ וַיַּ֖ךְ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֥עַשׂ יְהוָ֖ה תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃ ס

11 word entries
וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֤ב
Lemma
c/3320
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb hithpael sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H3320
Occurrences
19
בְּתוֹךְ
Lemma
b/8432
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H8432
Occurrences
310
הַֽחֶלְקָה֙
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H2513
Occurrences
5
וַיַּצִּילֶ֔הָ
Lemma
c/5337
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H5337
Occurrences
51
וַיַּ֖ךְ
Lemma
c/5221
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H5221
Occurrences
262
אֶת
Lemma
853
Morphology
Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H853
Occurrences
8730
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים
Lemma
6430
Morphology
Hebrew: noun gentilic masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H6430
Occurrences
203
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H6213
Occurrences
692
יְהוָ֖ה
Lemma
3068
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3068
Occurrences
5701
תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה
Lemma
8668
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H8668
Occurrences
22
גְדוֹלָֽה
Lemma
1419 a
Morphology
Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech
adjective
Strong's
H1419
Occurrences
341
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐστηλώθη ἐν μέσῳ τῆς μερίδος, καὶ ἐξείλατο αὐτὴν, καὶ ἐπάταξε τοὺς ἀλλοφύλους· καὶ ἐποίησε Κύριος σωτηρίαν μεγάλην.

18 word entries
Καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐστηλώθη
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
estelothe
Morphology
verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss
was ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
ἐν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐν
Transliteration
en
Morphology
preposition with dative
Gloss
in, among, with
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's
G1722
Occurrences
13086
μέσῳ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
meso
Morphology
adjective/substantive, dative masculine/neuter singular
Gloss
middle, midst
Part of Speech
adjective/substantive
Definition
Middle or midst.
Occurrences
505
τῆς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
μερίδος
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
meridos
Morphology
nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
9
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐξείλατο
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
exeilato
Morphology
verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss
he/she was ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
14
αὐτὴν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐπάταξε
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
epataxe
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it struck
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To strike, smite, hit, or wound.
Occurrences
233
τοὺς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἀλλοφύλους
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
allophyloys
Morphology
accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
29
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐποίησε
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
epoiese
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it made, did
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To make, do, perform, or produce.
Strong's
G4160
Occurrences
2253
Κύριος
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
kyrios
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
Lord, master
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences
7934
σωτηρίαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
soterian
Morphology
noun, feminine accusative singular
Gloss
salvation, deliverance
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Salvation, deliverance, rescue, or safety.
Occurrences
125
μεγάλην
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
megas
Morphology
adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
great, large
Part of Speech
adjective
Definition
Great, large, important, or mighty.
Occurrences
653
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܩܡ ܗܘ ܒܓܘ ܚܩܠܐ ܘܦܨܝ ܚܝܘܬܐ ܘܚܪܒ ܠܦܠܫ̈ܬܝܐ ܘܥܒܕ ܡܪܝܐ ܦܘܪܩܢܐ ܪܒܐ ܒܐܝܕܗ

13 word entries
ܘܩܡ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܘܩܡ
Transliteration
wqm
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
131
ܗܘ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܗܘ
Transliteration
hu
Morphology
pronoun/copula, masculine singular
Gloss
he, it, is
Occurrences
2003
ܒܓܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܒܓܘ
Transliteration
bgw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
100
ܚܩܠܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
hql'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
14
ܘܦܨܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wpsy
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
10
ܚܝܘܬܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
hywt'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
47
ܘܚܪܒ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
whrb
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
27
ܠܦܠܫ̈ܬܝܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
lplshty'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
22
ܘܥܒܕ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
w'bd
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
265
ܡܪܝܐ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Transliteration
maryah
Morphology
divine title, emphatic form
Gloss
Lord
Occurrences
2917
ܦܘܪܩܢܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
pwrqn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
43
ܪܒܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܪܒܐ
Transliteration
rb'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
334
ܒܐܝܕܗ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
b'ydh
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
83
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְאִתְעַתֵּד בְּגוֹ אַחְסַנְתָּא וְשֵׁיזְבֵיהּ וּקְטַל יַת פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי וַעֲבַד יְיָ פּוּרְקָנָא רַבָּא׃

11 word entries
וְאִתְעַתֵּד
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
w't'td
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
10
בְּגוֹ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
בגו
Transliteration
bgw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
166
אַחְסַנְתָּא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'chsnt'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
27
וְשֵׁיזְבֵיהּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
wshyzbyh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
4
וּקְטַל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
קטל
Transliteration
wqtl
Morphology
prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root קטל
Gloss
and killed, slew
Occurrences
146
יַת
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
ית
Transliteration
yt
Morphology
accusative/direct object marker
Gloss
direct object marker
Occurrences
4303
פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
plsht'y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
256
וַעֲבַד
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
עבד
Transliteration
w'bd
Morphology
prefixed conjunction ו + verbal or nominal root עבד
Gloss
and made, did, served
Occurrences
1208
יְיָ
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
yy
Morphology
divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss
the Lord
Occurrences
3908
פּוּרְקָנָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
pwrqn'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
63
רַבָּא׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
רבא
Transliteration
rb'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
305
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

stetit ille in medio agri, et tuitus est eum, percussitque Philisthæos: et fecit Dominus salutem magnam.

17 word entries
stetit
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sto
Transliteration
stetit
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
646
ille
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ille
Transliteration
ille
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
4947
in
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
in
Transliteration
in
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss
in
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
in, into, among, on
Etymology
Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences
22264
medio
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
medius
Transliteration
medio
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
558
agri
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ager
Transliteration
agri
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
260
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
tuitus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
tueor
Transliteration
tuitus
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
3
est
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
est
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
eum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eum
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
percussitque
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
percussitque
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
576
{percussitque}
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
que
Transliteration
{percussitque}
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences
4392
Philistheos
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Philistheos
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
48
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
fecit
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
facio
Transliteration
fecit
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
4719
Dominus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
dominus
Transliteration
Dominus
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
8181
salutem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
salus
Transliteration
salutem
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
186
magnam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
magnus
Transliteration
magnam
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
1017

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Proverbs 21:31

The horse is prepared for the day of battle; but victory is with the LORD.

3 relevance votes

2 Samuel 23:10

He arose and struck the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand froze to the sword; and the LORD worked a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to take plunder.

3 relevance votes

Psalms 44:2

You drove out the nations with your hand, but you planted them. You afflicted the peoples, but you spread them abroad.

2 relevance votes

Psalms 3:8

Salvation belongs to the LORD. May your blessing be on your people. Selah.

2 relevance votes
Chapter 23 of 24 Verse 12 of 39