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World English Bible Updated

2 Samuel 23

World English Bible Updated, Verse 11

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¹¹ After him was Shammah the son of Agee, a Hararite. The Philistines had gathered together into a troop where there was a plot of ground full of lentils; and the people fled from the Philistines.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 23:11. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 119

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְאַחֲרָ֛יו שַׁמָּ֥א בֶן־אָגֵ֖א הָרָרִ֑י וַיֵּאָסְפ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים לַחַיָּ֗ה וַתְּהִי־שָׁ֞ם חֶלְקַ֤ת הַשָּׂדֶה֙ מְלֵאָ֣ה עֲדָשִׁ֔ים וְהָעָ֥ם נָ֖ס מִפְּנֵ֥י פְלִשְׁתִּֽים׃

18 word entries

וְאַחֲרָ֛יו

Lemma: c/310 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H310
Occurrences: 117

שַׁמָּ֥א

Lemma: 8037
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8037
Occurrences: 1

בֶן

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

אָגֵ֖א

Lemma: 89
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H89
Occurrences: 1

הָרָרִ֑י

Lemma: 2043
Morphology: Hebrew: noun gentilic masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2043
Occurrences: 2

וַיֵּאָסְפ֨וּ

Lemma: c/622
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb niphal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H622
Occurrences: 89

פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים

Lemma: 6430
Morphology: Hebrew: noun gentilic masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6430
Occurrences: 203

לַחַיָּ֗ה

Lemma: l/2416 d
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H2416
Occurrences: 1

וַתְּהִי

Lemma: c/1961
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person feminine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H1961
Occurrences: 1772

שָׁ֞ם

Lemma: 8033
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: H8033
Occurrences: 671

חֶלְקַ֤ת

Lemma: 2513 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2513
Occurrences: 12

הַשָּׂדֶה֙

Lemma: d/7704 b
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H7704
Occurrences: 132

מְלֵאָ֣ה

Lemma: 4395
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4395
Occurrences: 5

עֲדָשִׁ֔ים

Lemma: 5742
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5742
Occurrences: 2

וְהָעָ֥ם

Lemma: c/d/5971 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5971
Occurrences: 43

נָ֖ס

Lemma: 5127
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5127
Occurrences: 66

מִפְּנֵ֥י

Lemma: m/6440
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender plural construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6440
Occurrences: 296

פְלִשְׁתִּֽים

Lemma: 6430
Morphology: Hebrew: noun gentilic masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6430
Occurrences: 203

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ μετʼ αὐτὸν Σαμαΐα υἱὸς Ἄσα ὁ Ἀρουχαῖος· καὶ συνήχθησαν οἱ ἀλλόφυλοι εἰς Θηρία· καὶ ἦν ἐκεῖ μερὶς τοῦ ἀγροῦ πλήρης φακοῦ· καὶ ὁ λαὸς ἔφυγεν ἐκ προσώπου ἀλλοφύλων.

29 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

μετʼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μετά
Transliteration: met
Morphology: preposition, elided form
Gloss: with, after
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of μετά.
Occurrences: 2247

αὐτὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Σαμαΐα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σαμαΐα
Transliteration: samaia
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 11

υἱὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

Ἄσα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἄσα
Transliteration: asa
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Ἀρουχαῖος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἀρουχαῖος
Transliteration: aroychaios
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

συνήχθησαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: συνάγω
Transliteration: synechthesan
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they were gathered
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To gather, collect, or assemble.
Occurrences: 49

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀλλόφυλοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀλλόφυλος
Transliteration: allophyloi
Morphology: noun/adjective, nominative masculine plural
Gloss: foreigners, Philistines
Part of Speech: noun/adjective
Definition: Foreign, of another people; often Philistine in LXX context.
Occurrences: 223

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

Θηρία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θηρίον
Transliteration: theria
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative plural
Gloss: beasts, wild animals
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Beast or wild animal.
Occurrences: 78

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἦν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰμί
Transliteration: en
Morphology: verb, imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it was
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To be or exist.
Strong's: G1510
Occurrences: 5427

ἐκεῖ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκεῖ
Transliteration: ekei
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: there
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: There, in that place.
Occurrences: 751

μερὶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μερίς
Transliteration: meris
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: portion, share
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Portion, share, part, or allotment.
Occurrences: 63

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀγροῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀγρός
Transliteration: agrou
Morphology: noun, masculine genitive singular
Gloss: of a field
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Field, countryside, or farm land.
Occurrences: 141

πλήρης

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πλήρης
Transliteration: pleres
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine/feminine singular
Gloss: full
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Full, complete, or filled.
Occurrences: 44

φακοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: φακοῦ
Transliteration: phakoy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

λαὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λαός
Transliteration: laos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: people
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: People, nation, or community.
Occurrences: 1841

ἔφυγεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἔφυγεν
Transliteration: ephygen
Morphology: verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 33

ἐκ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκ
Transliteration: ek
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: from, out of
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the genitive; form before a vowel.
Occurrences: 3500

προσώπου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πρόσωπον
Transliteration: prosopon
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: face, presence
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Face, presence, person, or front.
Occurrences: 1170

ἀλλοφύλων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀλλόφυλος
Transliteration: allophylon
Morphology: noun/adjective, genitive plural
Gloss: of foreigners, Philistines
Part of Speech: noun/adjective
Definition: Foreign, of another people; often Philistine in LXX context.
Occurrences: 223

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܒܬܪܗ ܩܡ ܫܡܐ ܒܪ ܐܓܐ ܡܢ ܛܘܪ ܡܠܟܐ ܟܕ ܐܬܟܢܫܘ ܦܠܫܬ̈ܝܐ ܠܡܒܙ ܚܝܘܬܐ ܘܗܘܬ ܬܡܢ ܐܫܟܪܐ ܚܕܐ ܕܙܪܝܥܐ ܛܠܦܚ̈ܐ ܘܥܡܐ ܥܪܩܘ ܡܢ ܩܕܡ ܦܠܫܬ̈ܝܐ

24 word entries

ܒܬܪܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܬܪܗ
Transliteration: btrh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 147

ܩܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܡ
Transliteration: qm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 70

ܫܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܡܐ
Transliteration: shm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 55

ܒܪ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܒܪ
Transliteration: bar
Morphology: noun, masculine construct singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 1284

ܐܓܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܓܐ
Transliteration: 'g'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 1

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܛܘܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܘܪ
Transliteration: twr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 16

ܡܠܟܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: malka
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: king
Occurrences: 1870

ܟܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܕ
Transliteration: kd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 881

ܐܬܟܢܫܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܬܟܢܫܘ
Transliteration: 'tknshw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 36

ܦܠܫܬ̈ܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܦܠܫܬܝܐ
Transliteration: plshty'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 99

ܠܡܒܙ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܒܙ
Transliteration: lmbz
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 4

ܚܝܘܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܝܘܬܐ
Transliteration: hywt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 47

ܘܗܘܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܗܘܬ
Transliteration: whwt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 66

ܬܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܡܢ
Transliteration: tmn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 459

ܐܫܟܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܫܟܪܐ
Transliteration: 'shkr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 2

ܚܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܕܐ
Transliteration: hd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 212

ܕܙܪܝܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܙܪܝܥܐ
Transliteration: dzry''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 2

ܛܠܦܚ̈ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܠܦܚܐ
Transliteration: tlph'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 1

ܘܥܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܥܡܐ
Transliteration: w'm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 55

ܥܪܩܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܪܩܘ
Transliteration: 'rqw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 27

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܩܕܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܕܡ
Transliteration: qdm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1019

ܦܠܫܬ̈ܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܦܠܫܬܝܐ
Transliteration: plshty'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 99

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וּבַתְרוֹהִי שַׁמָה בַר אָגֵא דְמִן הָרָר טוּרָאָה וְאִתְכְּנִישׁוּ פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי לְחַיָתָא וַהֲוַת תַּמָן אַחֲסָנַת חַקְלָא מַלְיָא טְלוֹפְחִין וְעַמָא אַפֵּךְ מִן קֳדָם פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי׃

21 word entries

וּבַתְרוֹהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בתרוהי
Transliteration: wbtrwhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 32

שַׁמָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שמה
Transliteration: shmh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 29

בַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: br
Morphology: noun masculine singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 2734

אָגֵא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אגא
Transliteration: 'g'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

דְמִן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דמן
Transliteration: dmn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 252

הָרָר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הרר
Transliteration: hrr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 5

טוּרָאָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טוראה
Transliteration: twr'h
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

וְאִתְכְּנִישׁוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתכנישו
Transliteration: w'tknyshw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 39

פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פלשתאי
Transliteration: plsht'y
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 256

לְחַיָתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חיתא
Transliteration: lchyt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 16

וַהֲוַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הות
Transliteration: whwt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 264

תַּמָן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תמן
Transliteration: tmn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 618

אַחֲסָנַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אחסנת
Transliteration: 'chsnt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 53

חַקְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חקלא
Transliteration: chql'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 94

מַלְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ליא
Transliteration: mly'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 42

טְלוֹפְחִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טלופחין
Transliteration: tlwpchyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 4

וְעַמָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: עם
Transliteration: w'm'
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: and people
Occurrences: 1754

אַפֵּךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אפך
Transliteration: 'pk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 39

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

קֳדָם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: קדם
Transliteration: qdm
Morphology: prepositional or nominal form
Gloss: before, in front of, east
Occurrences: 2023

פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פלשתאי
Transliteration: plsht'y
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 256

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et post hunc, Semma filius Age de Arari. Et congregati sunt Philisthiim in statione: erat quippe ibi ager lente plenus. Cumque fugisset populus a facie Philisthiim,

27 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

post

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: post
Transliteration: post
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 621

hunc

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: hic
Transliteration: hunc
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4646

Semma

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: semma
Transliteration: Semma
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1

filius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: filius
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

Age

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: age
Transliteration: Age
Morphology: GreLa POS: other
Occurrences: 2

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: de
Transliteration: de
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 4779

Arari

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Araris
Transliteration: Arari
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 2

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

congregati

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: congrego
Transliteration: congregati
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 401

sunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Philisthim

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Philisthim
Transliteration: Philisthim
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 133

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

statione

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: statio
Transliteration: statione
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 16

erat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: erat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

quippe

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quippe
Transliteration: quippe
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 74

ibi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ibi
Transliteration: ibi
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 517

ager

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ager
Transliteration: ager
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 260

plenus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: plenus
Transliteration: plenus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 185

lente

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lentus
Transliteration: lente
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 3

cumque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cum
Transliteration: cumque
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 5272

{cumque}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: que
Transliteration: {cumque}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4392

fugisset

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: fugio
Transliteration: fugisset
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 351

populus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: populus
Transliteration: populus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2030

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ab
Transliteration: a
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 3693

facie

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: facies
Transliteration: facie
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 793

Philisthim

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Philisthis
Transliteration: Philisthim
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 19

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

1 Chronicles 11:27

Shammoth the Harorite, Helez the Pelonite,

4 relevance votes

2 Samuel 23:33

Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Ararite,

3 relevance votes

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