16 When the leader had given orders, he immediately set out from there and joined battle with them at a village called Lessau.
2 Maccabees 14
World English Bible Updated, Verse 16
Show original chapterSource Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Maccabees 14:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Προστάξαντος δὲ τοῦ ἡγουμένου, ἐκεῖθεν εὐθέως ἀνέζευξαν, καὶ συμμίσγουσιν αὐτοῖς ἐπὶ κώμην Δεσσαού.
Προστάξαντος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- προστάξαντος
- Transliteration
- prostaxantos
- Morphology
- nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
δὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δέ
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- postpositive conjunction/particle
- Gloss
- but, and, now
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/particle
- Definition
- Postpositive connective conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 4634
τοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἡγουμένου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἡγουμένου
- Transliteration
- egoymenoy
- Morphology
- genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
- Gloss
- of ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/pronoun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 6
ἐκεῖθεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐκεῖθεν
- Transliteration
- ekeithen
- Morphology
- adverb
- Gloss
- from there
- Part of Speech
- adverb
- Definition
- From there, thence.
- Occurrences
- 135
εὐθέως
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- εὐθέως
- Transliteration
- eytheos
- Morphology
- adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- ...ly / having ...
- Part of Speech
- adverb/participle form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 13
ἀνέζευξαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἀνέζευξαν
- Transliteration
- anezeyxan
- Morphology
- aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- they ... / ...
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
συμμίσγουσιν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- συμμίσγουσιν
- Transliteration
- symmisgoysin
- Morphology
- verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
- Gloss
- they ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
αὐτοῖς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
κώμην
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- κώμην
- Transliteration
- komen
- Morphology
- accusative singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
Δεσσαού
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- δεσσαού
- Transliteration
- dessaoy
- Morphology
- genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
- Gloss
- of ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/pronoun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܦܩܕ ܝܗܘܕܐ ܕܢܬܚܙܩܘܢ ܒܙܝܢܗܘܢ ܘܒܪܫܥܬܗ ܫܩܠܘ ܘܐܪܥܘ ܐܢܘܢ ܒܩܪܝܬܐ ܕܫܡܗ ܕܫܘ
ܘܦܩܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܦܩܕ
- Transliteration
- wpqd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 69
ܝܗܘܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܗܘܕܐ
- Transliteration
- yhwd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 374
ܕܢܬܚܙܩܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܬܚܙܩܘܢ
- Transliteration
- dnthzqwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܒܙܝܢܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܙܝܢܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- bzynhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܒܪܫܥܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܪܫܥܬܗ
- Transliteration
- wbrsh'th
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 11
ܫܩܠܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܩܠܘ
- Transliteration
- shqlw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 13
ܘܐܪܥܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܪܥܘ
- Transliteration
- w'r'w
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4
ܐܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'nwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 1636
ܒܩܪܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܩܪܝܬܐ
- Transliteration
- bqryt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 58
ܕܫܡܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܫܡܗ
- Transliteration
- dshmh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 13
ܕܫܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܫܘ
- Transliteration
- dshw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 4
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Imperante autem duce, statim inde moverunt, conveneruntque ad castellum Dessau.
imperante
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- impero
- Transliteration
- imperante
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 70
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
duce
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dux
- Transliteration
- duce
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 245
statim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- statim
- Transliteration
- statim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 160
inde
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- inde
- Transliteration
- inde
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 181
moverunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- moueo
- Transliteration
- moverunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 141
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
convenerunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- conuenio
- Transliteration
- convenerunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 101
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
castellum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- castellum
- Transliteration
- castellum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 29
Dessau
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Dessau
- Transliteration
- Dessau
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 1