1 Maccabees
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Apocrypha · World English Bible Updated

1 Maccabees 4

World English Bible Updated, Verse 60

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60 At that time, they fortified mount Zion with high walls and strong towers around it, lest perhaps the Gentiles might come and trample them down, as they had done before.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Maccabees 4:60. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 3
Word Entries 69
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ᾠκοδόμησαν ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ τὸ ὄρος Σιὼν, κυκλόθεν τείχη ὑψηλὰ καὶ πύργους ὀχυροὺς, μήποτε παραγενηθέντα τὰ ἔθνη καταπατήσωσιν αὐτὰ, ὡς ἐποίησαν τοπρότερον.

24 word entries
Καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ᾠκοδόμησαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
kodomesan
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss
they ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
35
ἐν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐν
Transliteration
en
Morphology
preposition with dative
Gloss
in, among, with
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's
G1722
Occurrences
13086
τῷ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
καιρῷ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
kairo
Morphology
noun, masculine dative singular
Gloss
time, season
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Time, season, or appointed moment.
Occurrences
329
ἐκείνῳ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
ekeino
Morphology
demonstrative pronoun, dative masculine/neuter singular
Gloss
to/for that one
Part of Speech
demonstrative pronoun
Definition
That, that one.
Occurrences
490
τὸ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ὄρος
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
oros
Morphology
noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss
mountain
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Mountain or hill.
Occurrences
607
Σιὼν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Sion
Morphology
proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss
Zion
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Zion.
Occurrences
181
κυκλόθεν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
kyklothen
Morphology
adverb
Gloss
round about, all around
Part of Speech
adverb
Definition
Around, from all sides.
Occurrences
86
τείχη
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
teichos
Morphology
noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss
wall
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Wall, especially a city wall.
Occurrences
111
ὑψηλὰ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
hypsela
Morphology
adjective/substantive, neuter nominative/accusative plural or feminine nominative singular
Gloss
high places, high things
Part of Speech
adjective/substantive
Definition
High, lofty, exalted.
Occurrences
42
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
πύργους
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
pyrgoys
Morphology
accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
20
ὀχυροὺς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
ochyroys
Morphology
nominative masculine/feminine singular or accusative plural pattern depending on context
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
2
μήποτε
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
mepote
Morphology
negative particle/adverb
Gloss
lest, perhaps not
Part of Speech
particle/adverb
Definition
Negative indefinite particle meaning lest, perhaps, or at any time not.
Occurrences
50
παραγενηθέντα
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
paragenethenta
Morphology
nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
τὰ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἔθνη
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
ethnos
Morphology
noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss
nation, people
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Nation, people, Gentile group, or ethnic body.
Occurrences
917
καταπατήσωσιν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
katapatesosin
Morphology
dative plural noun pattern or 3rd plural verb ending depending on context
Gloss
to/for ... / they ...
Part of Speech
noun/verb form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
αὐτὰ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
ὡς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ὡς
Transliteration
hos
Morphology
comparative conjunction/adverb
Gloss
as, like, when
Part of Speech
conjunction/adverb
Definition
Comparative or temporal conjunction/adverb.
Occurrences
1899
ἐποίησαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
epoiesan
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss
they made, did
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To make, do, perform, or produce.
Strong's
G4160
Occurrences
2253
τοπρότερον
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
toproteron
Morphology
accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
15
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܒܢܘ ܒܗܘ ܙܒܢܐ ܠܛܘܪܐ ܕܨܗܝܘܢ ܟܕ ܚܕܪ̈ ܒܫܘܪ̈ܐ ܪ̈ܡܐ ܘܒܡ̈ܓܕܠܐ ܚܣ̈ܝܢܐ ܕܠܡܐ ܡܢ ܡܬܘܡ ܢܐܬܘܢ ܥܡ̈ܡܐ ܘܢܕܘܫܘܢܝܗܝ ܐܝܟ ܕܥܒܕܘ ܡܢ ܩܕܝܡ

21 word entries
ܘܒܢܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wbnw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
22
ܒܗܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܒܗܘ
Transliteration
bhw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
37
ܙܒܢܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
zbn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
147
ܠܛܘܪܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
ltwr'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
42
ܕܨܗܝܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dshywn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
54
ܟܕ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܟܕ
Transliteration
kd
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
881
ܚܕܪ̈
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܚܕܪ
Transliteration
hdr
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
23
ܒܫܘܪ̈ܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
bshwr'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
12
ܪ̈ܡܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܪܡܐ
Transliteration
rm'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
119
ܘܒܡ̈ܓܕܠܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wbmgdl'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
3
ܚܣ̈ܝܢܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
hsyn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
9
ܕܠܡܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dlm'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
132
ܡܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܡܢ
Transliteration
mn
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
5552
ܡܬܘܡ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
mtwm
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
3
ܢܐܬܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
n'twn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences
33
ܥܡ̈ܡܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'mm'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
352
ܘܢܕܘܫܘܢܝܗܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wndwshwnyhy
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
1
ܐܝܟ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܐܝܟ
Transliteration
'yk
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
2051
ܕܥܒܕܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
d'bdw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
61
ܡܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܡܢ
Transliteration
mn
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
5552
ܩܕܝܡ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
qdym
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
83
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et ædificaverunt in tempore illo montem Sion, et per circuitum muros altos et turres firmas, nequando venirent gentes, et conculcarent eum sicut antea fecerunt.

24 word entries
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
aedificaverunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
aedificaverunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
449
in
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
in
Transliteration
in
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss
in
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
in, into, among, on
Etymology
Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences
22264
tempore
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
tempus
Transliteration
tempore
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
761
illo
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ille
Transliteration
illo
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
4947
montem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
mons
Transliteration
montem
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
644
Sion
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Sion
Transliteration
Sion
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
174
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
per
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
per
Transliteration
per
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
1915
circuitum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
circuitum
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
259
muros
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
murus
Transliteration
muros
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
213
altos
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
altus
Transliteration
altos
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
112
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
turres
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
turris
Transliteration
turres
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
76
firmas
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
firmus
Transliteration
firmas
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
41
nequando
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
nequando
Morphology
GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences
19
venirent
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uenio
Transliteration
venirent
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
2233
gentes
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
gens
Transliteration
gentes
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
873
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
conculcarent
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
conculcarent
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
45
eam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eam
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
sicut
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sicut
Transliteration
sicut
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
1559
antea
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
antea
Transliteration
antea
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
8
fecerunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
facio
Transliteration
fecerunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
4719
Chapter 4 · 4 of 16 available Verse 60 of 61